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Chapter 3
Attitudes and Job Satisfaction

Attitudes
•

Attitudes: Evaluative statements – either favorable or unfavorable – concerning objects, people,
or events
–

Reflect how one feels about something

Attitudes Follow Behaviour: Cognitive Dissonance
•

Cognitive dissonance: any inconsistency between two or more attitudes, or between behaviour
and attitudes
–

•

Individuals seek to minimize dissonance

Desire to reduce dissonance is determined by:
–

The importance of the elements creating the dissonance

–

The degree of influence the individual believes he or she has over the elements

–

The rewards that may be involved in dissonance

Behaviour Follows Attitudes: Moderating Variables
•

•

The most powerful moderators of the attitude-behaviour relationships are:
–

Importance (i
...
, attitude strength)

–

Correspondence to behavior (i
...
, ABCs align)

–

Accessibility (i
...
, quickly comes to mind)

–

Social pressures

–

Direct personal experience (positive or negative)

Knowing attitudes helps predict behaviour

Major Job Attitudes
•

Job satisfaction – positive feeling about the job

•

Job involvement – degree of psychological identification with the job

•

Psychological empowerment – belief in the degree of influence over the job, competence in the
job, and job meaningfulness

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