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Title: AP Chemistry Unit 4 Notes from College Board session
Description: The topics are “4.1-4.4: Reactions, Net Ionic Equations, and Chemical Changes,” and “4.5-4.9: Stoichiometry, Titration, Acid-Base Reactions, and Redox Reactions.” They are extremely detailed, with diagrams and tables. The notes could be used to review topics before doing practice problems and as a resource for the open book 2020 AP Chemistry exam on May 14.
Description: The topics are “4.1-4.4: Reactions, Net Ionic Equations, and Chemical Changes,” and “4.5-4.9: Stoichiometry, Titration, Acid-Base Reactions, and Redox Reactions.” They are extremely detailed, with diagrams and tables. The notes could be used to review topics before doing practice problems and as a resource for the open book 2020 AP Chemistry exam on May 14.
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UNIT 4: CHEMICAL REACTIONS
Physical change is when a substance undergoes a change in properties, but not composition
Change in phase, size, and shape
➔ Ex: Phase changes
◆ H2O (s) →
H2O (l) - melting of ice
◆ C5H12 (l) → C5H12 (s) - freezing of pentane
◆ CH3OH (l) → CH3OH (g) - evaporation of methanol
◆ HCl (g) → HCl (l) - condensation of hydrogen chloride
◆ CO2 (s) → CO2 (g) - sublimation of carbon dioxide
◆ I2 (g) → I2 (s) - deposition of iodine
➔ Ex: Separating a mixture
◆ Separating solid from liquid using filtration
◆ Separating mixture of 2 substances w/ different boiling points using distillation
◆ Separating 2 or more substances based on how they interact w/ mobile phase in
chromatography
In contrast, a chemical change involves substances being transformed into new substances,
w/ different compositions
➔ 2 H2O (l) →
2 H2 (g) + O2 (g) - Undergoing electrolysis in which water is transformed into
hydrogen gas and oxygen gas
➔ CO (g) + 2 H2 (g) →
CH3OH (g) - Combination of carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas to
make methanol
➔ 2 Na (s) + 2 H2O (l) →
2 NaOH (aq) + H2 (g) - Reaction of sodium metal and water to
produce aqueous sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas
➔ AgNO3 (aq) + NaCl (aq) →
NaNO3 (aq) + AgCl (s) - Reaction between 2 aqueous
chemicals, silver nitrate and sodium chloride, to produce aqueous chemicals sodium
nitrate and silver chloride
In a physical change, only attractions broken/formed are intermolecular (or interparticle)
forces
In a chemical change, chemical bonds are broken/formed
When writing net ionic equation, helpful to
1
...
Transition to complete ionic equation
3
...
Check accuracy with overall charge on left and right sides of equation
4
...
Strong acids (HCl, HBr, HI, HClO4, H2SO4, and HNO3) are 100% ionized
Title: AP Chemistry Unit 4 Notes from College Board session
Description: The topics are “4.1-4.4: Reactions, Net Ionic Equations, and Chemical Changes,” and “4.5-4.9: Stoichiometry, Titration, Acid-Base Reactions, and Redox Reactions.” They are extremely detailed, with diagrams and tables. The notes could be used to review topics before doing practice problems and as a resource for the open book 2020 AP Chemistry exam on May 14.
Description: The topics are “4.1-4.4: Reactions, Net Ionic Equations, and Chemical Changes,” and “4.5-4.9: Stoichiometry, Titration, Acid-Base Reactions, and Redox Reactions.” They are extremely detailed, with diagrams and tables. The notes could be used to review topics before doing practice problems and as a resource for the open book 2020 AP Chemistry exam on May 14.