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Title: GCSE Physics Exam 2
Description: These are concise, exam-focused notes made using the WJEC specification and BBC Bitesize. (I achieved an A*.) Topics are also sold separately.
Description: These are concise, exam-focused notes made using the WJEC specification and BBC Bitesize. (I achieved an A*.) Topics are also sold separately.
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2
...
The same change in momentum happens over a longer time so there is
decreased deceleration so the force decreases
...
2: Newton’s laws
Inertia
•
•
a resistance to a change in motion
directly proportional to mass and resultant force needed to change the motion
Newton’s first law of motion
•
An object will remain at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an external resultant
force
...
Newton’s second law of motion
•
resultant force = mass × acceleration
Weight (in N)
•
•
Mass (in kg)
the force of gravity acting on an object
weight = mass × gravitational field strength
•
the amount of matter in an object
Gravitational field strength (in N/kg)
•
10 N/kg on Earth
Terminal (constant) speed
•
•
no resultant force
e
...
When a skydiver jumps, they fall faster, and air resistance or drag forces increase
...
When the drag forces become the same
as the weight or the thrust, then the forces become balanced
...
Newton’s third law of motion
•
If Body A exerts a force on Body B then Body B exerts an equal and opposite force on Body A
...
3: Work and energy
Energy
•
•
When a force acts on a moving body, energy is transferred although the total
amount of energy remains constant
...
Work
•
•
•
a measure of energy transfer
work = force × distance
work = energy transfer (in the absence of thermal transfer)
Kinetic energy
•
kinetic energy =
mass × velocity 2
2
; KE =
𝑚𝑣 2
2
Change in gravitational potential energy
•
gravitational potential energy = mass × gravitational field strength × change in height
; PE = 𝑚𝑔ℎ
Springs
•
force = spring constant × extension; 𝐹 = 𝑘𝑥
Force extension (𝐹-𝑥) graphs
•
area under graph = work done in stretching; 𝑊 =
4
𝐹𝑥
2
(in a linear relationship)
2
Title: GCSE Physics Exam 2
Description: These are concise, exam-focused notes made using the WJEC specification and BBC Bitesize. (I achieved an A*.) Topics are also sold separately.
Description: These are concise, exam-focused notes made using the WJEC specification and BBC Bitesize. (I achieved an A*.) Topics are also sold separately.