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Unit 11- The Blood
When blood is separated it separates into two layers
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The bottom layer is a dark liquid containing blood cells, this makes up
the remaining 45% of blood
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od-centrifugation-
‘Normal’ blood contains a certain number of red blood cells, white blood cells an platelets
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In order to ensure that the red blood cells can carry as much oxygen as
possible they have no nucleus this means that there is more room for haemoglobin
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(Source:
http://leavingbio
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Haemoglobin is an iron based pigment and its presence is essential in order for the red blood cell
to carry oxygen it is haemoglobin that gives blood its red colour
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The two main
types are:
Lymphocytes which make antibodies to bacteria, viruses and other foreign bodies
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Phagocytes squeeze through the
wall of the blood vessels that the pathogens are in (they usually reside in the lymphatic
system)
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Plasma is the main transport around the body
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Antibodies
Antibodies are chemicals that destroy pathogens or other foreign bodies
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Once your body has been exposed once the white blood cells are able to identify the shape of the
pathogen and will fight it off if subsequent infections occur
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While fighting the infection most of these cells will die but those that remain are called
memory cells
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The clots formed stop pathogens from entering the body and causing infection and
prevents blood loss
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If a blood vessel is damage platelets will release an enzyme that is a catalyst for a series of
reactions