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Water 

Topic 2
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2

Biology SL 

Thermal properties  
➢ Water has high s
​ pecific heat capacity  
○

The amount of heat per unit mass required to raise the temperature one 
degree Celsius  

➢ In other words water can absorb a lot of energy without a big change in temperature 
○

A body filled with water can maintain its temperature easier 

➢ Water has high h
​ eat of vaporization  
○

The amount of heat required to convert a unit mass of liquid into vapour 
with no increase in temperature 

○

It needs a lot of energy to evaporate 

➢ Our body heat results in perspiration, which evaporates from our skin 
○

The energy that turned the water molecules from liquid to vapour came 
from our body 

○

Therefore, this change in the state of water lowers our body temperature 
and makes us feel cooler  

 
Solvent properties  
➢ The majority of molecules found in and outside most cells are also polar 
○

Carbohydrates  

○

Proteins 

○

Nucleic acids  

➢ Blood plasma is the liquid portion of the blood 
○

Some of the more common solutes is blood plasma are: 
■

Glucose  

■

Amino acids 

■

Fibrogen  
●

■

A protein involved in blood clotting 

Hydrogen carbonate ions 
●

As means of transporting carbon dioxide 

➢ Aqueous solutions in which reactions take place: 
 
Aqueous solution 
Cytoplasm  

Location  
Fluid inside the cell, but 
outside the organelles 

2 

Common reactions 
Glycolysis, protein 

synthesis reactions 

Water 

Topic 2

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