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Title: Chemical Bonding
Description: Well comprehensive notes on Chemical Bonding
Description: Well comprehensive notes on Chemical Bonding
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SCH 102
Chemical Bonding
Dr
...
Bonding is the joining of two atoms in a stable
arrangement
...
Bonding is a favorable process because it always leads
to lowered energy and increased stability
...
Solomon Derese
64
One general rule governs the bonding process:
SCH 102
Through bonding, atoms attain a complete
outer shell of valence electrons
...
Dr
...
This would make it like the
noble gas helium at the end of the same row
...
Dr
...
There are two different kinds of bonding:
1
...
Covalent bonding
...
Covalent bonds result from the sharing of electrons
between two nuclei
...
Solomon Derese
67
SCH 102
A chemical bond is the net result of attractive and
repulsive electrostatic forces
...
Three types
of interaction occur, one attractive and two repulsive
force
...
Dr
...
An ionic bond generally occurs when elements on the
far left side of the periodic table combine with
elements on the far right side, ignoring the noble
gases, which form bonds only rarely
...
A positively charged cation formed from the element
on the left side attracts a negatively charged anion
formed from the element on the right side
...
Solomon Derese
69
SCH 102
Sodium chloride, NaCl, is an example of an ionic compound
Eight valence
Electrons (Like Ne)
One valence
electron
Eight valence
Electrons (Like Ar)
Ionic bond
Seven valence
electrons
Dr
...
70
SCH 102
• The element sodium, located in group 1A of the
periodic table, has just one valence electron in its
third shell
...
• The element chlorine, located in group 7A of the
periodic table, has seven valence electrons
...
• Thus, Sodium chloride is a stable ionic compound
...
Solomon Derese
71
SCH 102
Dr
...
Carbon is central to the study of organic chemistry
and has four electrons in its valence shell
...
Dr
Title: Chemical Bonding
Description: Well comprehensive notes on Chemical Bonding
Description: Well comprehensive notes on Chemical Bonding