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Title: Photochemistry (Level 2)
Description: Introduction notes to Photochemistry for UoL Chemistry Level 2 (Core Chemistry 2.2- Chemistry of Activated Systems and Radicals).
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Photochemistry
Photochemistry involves the interaction of a substance with electromagnetic radiation (EM) mainly
in the UV-Vis region
...
626x10-34 Js
...
g
...

Interaction of light with matter- light has intensity with Io being initial intensity
...
If some or all of the
light particles (photons) can be absorbed by the sample, then the transmitted light intensity (It) will
be less than the Io
...
The intensity of the absorbed light is Iabs=Io-It
...
E
...
A=Ξ΅cl where A is dimensionless, Ξ΅ is the molar
absorptivity constant with units dm3 mol-1 cm-1, l is length in cm, and c is concentration in mol dm𝐼
𝐼𝑑


...


3

Ξ• is a measure of the electronic transition of the absorbing species
...
The energy of the photons absorbed corresponds to the energy of the electronic transition
...

The main difference between ground state and excited state is that an atom at ground state is where
electrons are found at their lowest energy levels, whereas at excited state the electrons in that atom
contain higher energy than in ground state
...

Photophysical processes are parallel processes that compete for the energy of S1 and T1, they are
internal conversion, intersystem crossing, fluorescence, and phosphorescence
...

Lecture 2Quantum yield can be given in terms of the rate at which events occur relative to the rate at which
photons are absorbed or number of events that occur relative to number of photons absorbed
...
Each photophysical process that involves S1 has a
quantum yield e
...
Ξ¦F+ Ξ¦ic+ Ξ¦isc=1
...

Every photophysical/photochemical process has a quantum yield e
...

𝛷𝑓 =

π‘˜π‘“ [𝑆1 ]
π‘Ÿπ‘Žπ‘‘π‘’ π‘œπ‘“ π‘Ÿπ‘Žπ‘‘π‘–π‘Žπ‘‘π‘–π‘£π‘’ π‘‘π‘’π‘π‘Žπ‘¦ π‘œπ‘“ 𝑆1
=
π‘Ÿπ‘Žπ‘‘π‘’ π‘œπ‘“ π‘Žπ‘π‘ π‘œπ‘Ÿπ‘π‘‘π‘–π‘œπ‘› π‘œπ‘“ π‘β„Žπ‘œπ‘‘π‘œπ‘›π‘  𝑏𝑦 𝑆0
πΌπ‘Žπ‘π‘ 

𝛷𝑖𝑐 =

π‘Ÿπ‘Žπ‘‘π‘’ π‘œπ‘“ π‘›π‘œπ‘› βˆ’ π‘Ÿπ‘Žπ‘‘π‘–π‘Žπ‘‘π‘–π‘£π‘’ π‘‘π‘’π‘π‘Žπ‘¦ π‘œπ‘“ 𝑆1 π‘˜π‘–π‘ [𝑆1 ]
=
π‘Ÿπ‘Žπ‘‘π‘’ π‘œπ‘“ π‘Žπ‘π‘ π‘œπ‘Ÿπ‘π‘‘π‘–π‘œπ‘› π‘œπ‘“ π‘β„Žπ‘œπ‘‘π‘œπ‘›π‘  𝑏𝑦 𝑆0
πΌπ‘Žπ‘π‘ 

𝛷𝑖𝑠𝑐 =

π‘Ÿπ‘Žπ‘‘π‘’ π‘œπ‘“ π‘π‘œπ‘›π‘£π‘’π‘Ÿπ‘ π‘–π‘œπ‘› π‘œπ‘“ 𝑆1 π‘‘π‘œ 𝑇1
π‘˜π‘–π‘ π‘ [𝑆1 ]
=
π‘Ÿπ‘Žπ‘‘π‘’ π‘œπ‘“ π‘Žπ‘π‘ π‘œπ‘Ÿπ‘π‘‘π‘–π‘œπ‘› π‘œπ‘“ π‘β„Žπ‘œπ‘‘π‘œπ‘›π‘  𝑏𝑦 𝑆0
πΌπ‘Žπ‘π‘ 
𝛷𝑓 =

π‘˜π‘“
π‘˜π‘“ + π‘˜π‘–π‘ + π‘˜π‘–π‘ π‘

𝛷𝑖𝑐 =

π‘˜π‘–π‘
π‘˜π‘“ + π‘˜π‘–π‘ + π‘˜π‘–π‘ π‘

𝛷𝑖𝑠𝑐 =

π‘˜π‘–π‘ π‘
π‘˜π‘“ + π‘˜π‘–π‘ + π‘˜π‘–π‘ π‘

Relative rate constant values determine the quantum yield of a process
...
g
...
This is also the case if we include bimolecular quenching of S1
Title: Photochemistry (Level 2)
Description: Introduction notes to Photochemistry for UoL Chemistry Level 2 (Core Chemistry 2.2- Chemistry of Activated Systems and Radicals).
Buy These NotesPreview