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Title: Quantum Numbers
Description: This document gives an overview of the four quantum numbers and the formulas to find them.
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 ‌

Chemistry‌  ‌
Atomic‌s‌ tructure‌  ‌
 ‌

‌Quantum‌‌number‌  ‌
A‌‌set‌‌of‌‌4‌‌numbers‌‌that‌‌completely‌‌describe‌‌the‌‌behaviour‌‌of‌‌an‌‌electron
...
‌  ‌
●

n‌∝  ‌‌Atomic‌‌radius‌‌(r‌n‌)‌  ‌

● n‌∝  Energy‌o
‌ f‌a
‌ n‌e
‌ lectron‌‌‌(E‌n‌)‌  ‌
●   2n‌2‌=‌n
‌ o‌o
‌ f‌e
‌ ‌i‌ n‌a
‌ ‌s‌ hell
...
529Å(‌n2‌‌ )‌    ‌

●

1313
...
‌  ‌
 ‌

  ‌ ‌
1‌  ‌

 ‌

 ‌

 ‌

 ‌

‌2:‌‌Azimuthal‌‌Quantum‌‌number‌‌‘’l’’‌  ‌
Gives‌‌information‌‌about‌‌the‌‌subshells
...
(n-1)‌

i‌
...
‌  ‌

1
...
‌‘’p’’‌‌‌subshell‌‌➡‌‌Principle‌ ‌➡w
‌ hen,‌‌l=1‌  ‌
3
...
‌‘’f’’‌s‌ ubshell‌ ‌➡‌‌Fundamental‌ ‌➡w
‌ hen,‌‌l=3‌  ‌
● No‌‌of‌‌electrons(e)‌‌in‌‌a‌‌subshell=2(2l+1)=4l+2‌  ‌
a
...
‌‌‘’p’’‌‌‌subshell‌‌➡‌6
‌ ‌‌e ‌ ‌
c
...
‌‌‘’f’’‌s‌ ubshell‌ ‌➡‌1
‌ 4‌‌e ‌ ‌
● No‌‌of‌‌orbitals‌‌in‌‌a‌‌subshell=(2l+1)‌  ‌
a
...
‌‌‘’p’’‌‌‌subshell‌‌➡‌3
‌ ‌‌orbitals‌  ‌
c
...
‌‌‘’f’’‌s‌ ubshell‌ ‌➡‌7
‌ ‌‌orbitals‌ 
‌Energy‌‌order‌‌of‌‌orbitals‌‌(s ‌

2‌  ‌

 ‌

 ‌

 ‌

 ‌

 ‌
‌ =1‌
n
‌n=2‌
‌n=3‌
‌n=4‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌

‌➡‌‌l=0‌ ➡
‌ s-subshell‌  ‌
‌➡‌‌l=0,1‌ ➡
‌ s,p-subshell‌  ‌
‌➡‌‌l=0,1,2‌ ➡
‌ s,p,d-subshell‌  ‌
‌➡‌‌l=0,1,2,3‌➡
‌ s,p,d,f-subshell‌  ‌

‌3:‌‌Magnetic‌‌Quantum‌‌number‌‌‘’m’’‌  ‌

m=(2l+1)‌

o
‌ r‌‌

‌m=+l,0,-l‌  ‌

Gives‌‌information‌‌about‌‌the‌‌orbitals
...
(dxy,dyz,dzx,dx‌2‌-dy‌2‌,dz‌2‌)‌  ‌
 ‌
l=0=s‌
l=1=p‌
l=2=d‌
l=3=sf‌

,‌‌ m
‌ =0‌  ‌
‌,‌ ‌m=3‌ o
‌ r‌ m
‌ =+1,0,-1‌  ‌
‌,‌ ‌m=5‌ o
‌ r‌ m
‌ =+2,+1,0,-1,-2‌  ‌
‌,‌ ‌m=7‌ o
‌ r‌ m
‌ =+3,+2,+1,0,-1,-2,-3‌  ‌

 ‌
‌4:‌‌Spin‌‌Quantum‌‌number‌‌‘’s’’‌  ‌
s‌ =+1/2⬇(clockwise)‌

‌s=-1/2⬆(anticlockwise)‌‌
   ‌

● Due‌‌to‌‌the‌‌opposite‌‌magnetic‌‌field,‌‌the‌‌electrons‌‌don't‌‌repel‌‌each‌‌
 
other,‌‌rather‌‌attract‌‌each‌‌other
Title: Quantum Numbers
Description: This document gives an overview of the four quantum numbers and the formulas to find them.
Buy These NotesPreview