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Anal Cancer in the LGBTQIA Population
Name
Institution
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Tutor
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Introduction
Anal cancer refers to the type of cancer that occurs on the anus, particularly at the
distal opening to the gastrointestinal tract
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Furthermore, the disease may manifest through pain, itchiness, or sometimes, anal
discharging
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Other less
common risk factors include engaging in heterosexual or anal sex behavior with several
sexual partners
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p)
...

Even with the disease’s chronic state, the LGBTQIA community is one of the most
affected communities globally
...
For example, in
research conducted in Australia, a close relationship was established between the Human

ANAL CANCER IN THE LGBTQIA POPULATION

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Papillomavirus and anal cancer, especially among the men that identified as gay
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HPV has been
identified as the most common sexually transmitted disease in the world
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Another feature of HPV is that it has a high possibility of infecting the
anogenital area, where they are most likely to cause tumor formation around the anus
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Background and Significance of the Anal Cancer
Anal cancer has been defined as “a disease in which malignant cells form in the
tissues of the anus
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Various
tests and diagnoses can be used to diagnose the disease
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p)
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Furthermore, the individual’s health tendencies can be
used to conclude whether one can be suspected of having anal cancer
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(Moscicki, n
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Meanwhile, other
diagnosing techniques include anoscopy, proctoscopy, and biopsy, all of which have been
lauded as effective in assessing whether one has the disease
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p)
...
Among those found with cancer, there are 6070 women
and 3020 men
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With these statistics, it was evident that the number of new cases
has been increasing steadily yet slowly
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On an ethnic basis, anal cancer was more prevalent
among black men and white women
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p)
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Even though the disease seems to affect everyone, despite their sexual orientation and
activities, research has shown that the men that identify as gay stand a higher possibility to
contract the disease
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However, research indicates that most of these men rarely notice that they have the disease
until much later after the disease has progressed to a great extent
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Consequently, several of the disease’s cases are reported, leading to the further
spread of the disease
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p)
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Meanwhile, among HIV-positive gay men,
there were as many as 40 out of 50,000 individuals
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The epidemiology of anal cancer is one area that has been given very little attention
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After
an exhausting search of the literature, there is little to say regarding the state-to-state
comparisons, facilitating a comparison between the statistics at the national and state levels
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5 women and 1
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p)
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8 men and 1
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On the other hand, among the Indo-Americans, more women suffer from the disease than
men, with 1
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8 men in a population of 100,000
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4 women versus 0
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In addition, more women suffer from the disease among the
Hispanics than men, with women at 1
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9 men per 100,000 people
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4 women against
1
...
p)
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However, with these ethnicities being distributed
throughout the American states, it is hard to establish a state-to-state comparison
...

Surveillance and Reporting

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Over the years, treatment for anal cancer has continued to show an increment in
improvements (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, n
...
However, this improvement
can be attributed to the surveillance and reporting done by the patients and the physicians
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Surveillance is the routine part of the management of the patients that are periodically treated
for cancers
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From a broad perspective, surveillance aims at delivering on-time interventions which
will improve and enhance the patient’s probability of getting cured and have their lives
prolonged, despite the disease’s effects (Adams, n
...
Secondly, surveillance aims to improve
the patient’s life quality through efficient and effective management of the disease so that it
does not escalate to worse situations and conditions that can hamper the patient’s chances of
living well
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With these understood, it will be
possible for the physicians to ensure that efforts to improve the patients’ life quality do not
leave them more traumatized
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Like all types of cancer, anal cancer follows a specific set of evaluations for
surveillance and reporting
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The first factor is the ability to assess anal cancer through strict
adherence to the clinically approved guidelines
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p)
...
The last factor is the knowledge that there is a possibility of

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cancer three years after commencing surveillance
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Anal cancer surveillance involves four major areas
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The second is
involves managing acute toxicities to prevent them from escalating to levels that are
dangerous to the patient (Adams, n
...
The third area involves providing the patient with
psychological reassurance to calm them psychologically and make them have hope for the
future, despite their condition
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Physicians have now established that locally persistent or recurrent diseases
can be controlled if they occur at an early stage
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Epidemiological Analysis of Anal Cancer
Anal cancer is a disease affecting a wide range of members of society
...
Furthermore, there is now evidence that the disease tends to affect individuals
above 35 years old, especially those whose immunity has substantially dwindled
...
p)
...
With the high prevalence of anal cancer, the patients are forced to take
care of several issues
...
The second challenge has to do with the

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patient’s life quality, where the patient may not manage to go back to their initial lives
...
Victimization arises from the belief that the disease is predominantly
sexually transmitted and that those suffering from it are to blame for their ‘unnatural sexual
activities
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However, experts agree that various approved
methods can screen individuals suspected of suffering from the disease
...
Another effective recommended
screening method is the digital rectal exam (DRE)
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p)
...
Moreover, the test can be used in women to examine their pelvic
conditions
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Plan on how to address anal cancer after graduation
Having learned about anal cancer, there are several things a nursing practitioner can
do after graduation
...
By creating awareness, it
will be possible for people to embrace the culture of engaging in safe sex that cannot make
them more vulnerable to the disease
...
On the other hand,

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women may get this disease if they engage in sexual activities with several partners since this
can lead to contracting HPV, which ultimately leads to anal cancer
...
Research has indicated
that most people suffer from the disease until it overpowers them because they fear being
victimized
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Lastly, with the knowledge
about the disease, one would be better placed to conduct further research and study into other
areas that have not been studied
...
This gap may be responsible for the fact that anal
cancer is not given as much attention as other cancer types
...

Summary
Although anal cancer is a rare type of cancer, it is one of the most dangerous diseases,
given its health, financial and social implications
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p)
...
However,
even with the increase in the number of patients every year, efforts are being implemented,
including screening to detect the disease and treatment plans
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p)
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References
Adams, R
...
Surveillance of Anal Canal Cancers
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org: https://cbc
...
br/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/032017SONA10
...
(2021)
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cancer
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html
CenterforDiseaseControlandPrevention
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HPV-Associated Anal Cancer Rates by Race
and Ethnicity
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cdc
...
htm
Moscicki, A
...
(2016, July 1)
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Retrieved May 20,
2021, from PMC: https://www
...
nlm
...
gov/pmc/articles/PMC4479419/

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National Cancer Institute
...
Anal Cancer Incidence and Deaths Are
Rising in the United States
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cancer
...
A
...
Anal cancer – a review
...
ncbi
...
nih

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