Notesale: Turn your study into money

Document Preview

Extracts from the notes are below, to see the PDF you'll receive please use the links above

---

Sciences
DNA and RNA
DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA(ribonucleic acid) is made of nucleotides base units therefore the
DNA and RNA are polynucleotides
...

The DNA is a double helix structure formed by the complementary base pairing
...
The
adenine and guanine is double ring which is a purine bases whereas thymine, cytosine and uracil are
single ring which is a pyrimidine
...

The RNA is single stranded molecules and have a uracil instead of thymine
...

Function of DNA and RNA
The DNA replicate and stores the genetic information within the organisms whereas the RNA is used for
protein synthesis
...
There
is free activated nucleotides in the nucleus with extra phosphate group
...
The DNA polymerase only work in one direction from 5’ to 3’
...
The DNA ligase repair the
sugars phosphate backbone as a strand has been synthesis piece by piece
...
Free activated RNA nucleotides will make
complementary base pairing with the DNA strand catalyses by RNA polymerase which will help the
formation of the sugar phosphate backbone
...

Translation(protein synthesis)
In the cytoplasm there are free amino acids and transfert RNA(tRNA) molecules
...
The mRNA molecules attach to the ribosome
exposing 2 codons ,a codon is three bases
...
The amino acids forms a peptide bond the reaction is catalysed by peptides
transferase
...
The first tRNA leaves
...


In brief DNA replicate and protect the genetic material
...
Translation is the process by which protein is produce

---