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The Testes
The testes, often known as testicles, are two oval-shaped structures found in the male reproductive
system
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The scrotum hangs outside the body
around the upper thighs in the front of the pelvic area
...
The testes also generate testosterone, which is a hormone
...
Anatomy and Function of Testes
The testes' primary purpose is to produce and store sperm
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The lobules of the testes give the testes their ovular form
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Seminiferous Tubules
The majority of each testis is made up of seminiferous tubules, which are coiled tubes
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The epithelium is a layer of tissue that lines these tubules
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Sertoli cells include spermatogenic cells, which
divide to form spermatozoa or sperm cells
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These cells are responsible for the production
of male hormones such as testosterone and other androgens
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The rete testis aids in the mixing of sperm cells in the fluid released by Sertoli cells
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They can't move until sperm reaches the epididymis
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Efferent Ducts
The efferent ducts are a network of tubes connecting the rete testis to the epididymis
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These channels are lined by cilia, which are hair-like projections
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The efferent ducts also absorb the majority of the fluid that aids in the movement of sperm cells
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Tunica
Several layers of tissue surround the testes
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This layer protects the tubular
interior of each testicle from subsequent tissue layers around the outer testicle
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It's a thick, protective coating consisting of densely packed
fibers that shield the testes even further
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The tunica vaginalis is made up of three
layers:
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Visceral Layer
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Cavum Vaginale
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Parietal Layer
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What Conditions Affect the Testes
The testes can be affected by a variety of diseases
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Hydrocele
A hydrocele occurs when extra fluid accumulates in the chambers surrounding one of your testicles
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Symptoms of hydrocele include:
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testicular swelling that gets more noticeable as the day goes on
a dull ache in your scrotum
feeling heaviness in your scrotum
Unless the hydroceles are big or painful, they normally do not require treatment
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Testicular Torsion
Torsion of the testicle in the scrotum indicates that your testicle has rotated in the scrotum
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Testicular torsion symptoms include:
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severe scrotum pain
swelling of the testicle
lower abdominal pain
feeling nauseous
vomiting
feeling like the testicle is out of place
urinating more than usual
Testicular torsion can be caused by several factors, including:
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injury to the scrotum
exercising too long or hard
being exposed to cold temperatures
free movement of the testicle in the scrotum caused by a genetic condition
Your doctor can treat testicular torsion by manually repositioning the testicle
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Orchitis
A swollen or inflamed testicle is referred to as orchitis
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Symptoms of orchitis include:
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testicular pain and tenderness
a swollen testicle
fever
feeling nauseous
vomiting
Orchitis can be caused by both bacterial and viral illnesses
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Orchitis normally clears itself in 7-10 days
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It can be caused
by a testicular problem or by your brain failing to correctly encourage hormone production
...
It can also occur as a result of an accident, infection, or other diseases
that interfere with testosterone production
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It is possible that the genitals are not unmistakably male, or that both sets of genitals are
present
...
Symptoms may include:
● a lack of muscle development
● little body hair growth
● no voice deepening
● unusual arm and leg growth relative to the rest of the body
In Adults
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Depending on the cause of low
testosterone production, it is directed at either the brain or the testes
...
It usually
begins in the tubular testicular structures that aid in the production of sperm
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Testicular cancer symptoms may include:
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a lump in your testicle
feeling heaviness in your scrotum
fluids in your scrotum
testicular pain
abdominal or back pain
swollen or tender breast tissue
Your doctor may be able to surgically remove the damaged tissue in some cases
...
Radiation treatment or chemotherapy can also aid in the
destruction of cancer cells
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Using your fingers, roll each testicle around in your scrotum
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Bathe Regularly
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This
lowers your chance of infections, which can lead to various issues
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Moisture trapped in the region can soon create a bacterial breeding
environment
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Avoid wearing undergarments and trousers that are too tight
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Wear Protection When You Have Sex
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This aids in the prevention of sexually transmitted infections affecting the scrotum and
testicles