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MIRZA ASADULLAH KHAN GALIB :
‫هٌٰللا‬
Mirza Asadullah Baig Khan (Urdu: 27 ;‫ مرزا اسد بیگ خان‬December 1797
– 15 February 1869), also known by the pen names of Ghalib (Urdu:
‫غالب‬, romanized: Ġālib, lit
...
 'lion'), was an Indian poet
...
During his lifetime, the already declining Mughal
Empire was eclipsed and displaced by the British East India Company
Rule and finally deposed following the defeat of the First Indian War
of Independence (Sepoy Mutiny) of 1857; these are described through
his work
...
Although his Persian Divan is at
least five times longer than his Urdu Divan, his fame rests on his
poetry in Urdu
...


BIO / DETAILS :
‫هٌٰللا‬

Native
name

‫خان غالب‬

Born

Mirza Asadullah Baig Khan

‫مرزا اسد‬

27 December 1797
Kala Mahal, Akbarabad,
Mughal Empire

Died

15 February 1869 (aged 71)
Gali Qasim Jaan, Ballimaran,
Chandni Chowk, Delhi,
British India

Pen name

Ghalib, Asad

Occupatio
n

Poet

Period

Mughal era, British Raj

Genre

Ghazal, Qasida, Ruba'i, Qit'a,
Marsiya

Subject

Parents

Love, Philosophy, Mysticism

●
●

Mirza Abdullah Baig
Khan (father)
Izzat-un-Nisa Begum
(mother)

EARLY LIFE :
Mirza Ghalib was born in Kala Mahal, Agra into a family of Mughals
who moved to Samarkand (in modern-day Uzbekistan) after the
downfall of the Seljuk kings
...
He worked in Lahore,
Delhi and Jaipur, was awarded the sub-district of Pahasu
(Bulandshahr, UP) and finally settled in Agra, UP, India
...
Mirza Abdullah Baig and Mirza Nasrullah
Baig were two of his sons
...
He
was employed first by the Nawab of Lucknow and then the Nizam of
Hyderabad, Deccan
...
Back then, Ghalib was a little
over 5 years of age
...


LITERARY CAREER :
Ghalib started composing poetry at the age of 11
...
He
received an education in Persian and Arabic at a young age
...
Ghalib wrote in Perso-Arabic script which is
used to write modern Urdu, but often called his language "Hindi"; one
of his works was titled Ode-e-Hindi ("Perfume of Hindi")
...
[according to whom?] He stayed at Ghalib's home
for two years and taught him Persian, Arabic, philosophy, and logic
...
Numerous commentaries on Ghalib's ghazal
compilations have been written by Urdu scholars
...
Before
Ghalib, the ghazal was primarily an expression of anguished love; but
Ghalib expressed philosophy, the travails and mysteries of life and
wrote ghazals on many other subjects, vastly expanding the scope of
the ghazal
...
The critic/poet/writer Shamsur Rahman Faruqui
explains[18] that the convention of having the "idea" of a lover or
beloved instead of an actual lover/beloved freed the
poet-protagonist-lover from the demands of realism
...

The first complete English translation of Ghalib's ghazals was Love
Sonnets of Ghalib, written by Sarfaraz K
...
It contains complete
Roman transliteration, explication and an extensive lexicon

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