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Back to Basics 2
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That is what is tricky about verbs and
tenses
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It is not unusual to find
sentences like the ones below in compositions of students at the AGSB
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She finished the assigned work, passed the document and then runs home
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Inconsistency in tenses use creates confusion
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https://www
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com/watch?v=_4WvhaauLj8&feature=youtu
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Since her father and two brothers were successful physicians, mother expected me
to choose it as a profession
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If we want to take advantage of your education, you have to study everyday
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Using the wrong pronouns is another typical error for many Filipino writers
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The
noun that a pronoun replaces is called its "antecedent"
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Look at the second sentence, What is the antecedent of "it"? How would you correct the
sentence? Can you fix the other two sentences as well?
For more on pronouns, click here https://www
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com/blog/pronouns/ (Links to an
external site
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grammarbook
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asp (Links to an
external site
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The distinguishing characteristic of
pronouns is that they can be substituted for other nouns
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Example

Sarah has always loved fashion
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You could try to mix it up by sometimes referring to Sarah as “my sister,” but then it sounds
like you’re referring to two different people
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My sister announced that Sarah wants to go
to fashion school
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Example

Sarah has always loved fashion
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Personal Pronouns
There are a few different types of pronouns, and some pronouns belong to more than one
category
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The other personal
pronouns are I and me, you, he and him, it, we and us, and they and them
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We’ll get to the other types of pronouns in a moment
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The pronoun it can refer to just about anything: a bike, a tree, a
movie, a feeling
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An antecedent is a
noun or noun phrase that you mention at the beginning of a sentence or
story and later replace with a pronoun
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Example

My family drives me nuts, but I love them
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Sarah said she is almost finished with the application
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It’s usually clear who the pronouns I, me,
and you refer to based on who is speaking
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Example

I love them, but my family drives me nuts
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They are used to connect relative
clauses to independent clauses
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Relative pronouns
include that, what, which, who, and whom
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Example

The woman who called earlier didn’t leave a message
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My car , which is nearly twenty years old, still
runs well
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Who vs
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whom
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Whom is an object pronoun, like me, him, her, us and them
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Most people don’t have much trouble with the objective
case of personal pronouns because they usually come immediately after the
verb or preposition that modifies it
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Correct

Please mail it to me
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Higgins caught they passing notes
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Higgins caught them passing notes
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Correct

Whom did you speak to earlier?

Correct

A man, whom I have never seen before, was asking about you
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Find the place where the personal pronoun would normally go and see
whether the subject or object form makes more sense
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Have I seen he/him before?
Whom should I say is calling? Should I say she/her is calling?
If the object pronoun (him or her) sounds right, use whom
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Before we move on, there’s one more case where the choice between subject and object
pronouns can be confusing
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There are no secrets between
you and I
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In each of the sentences above, the pronoun I should be me
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Incorrect

Henry is meeting I this afternoon
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It doesn’t
matter to I
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They take the place of a noun or
noun phrase that has already been mentioned
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These is used for multiple items that are
nearby
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Correct

Here is a letter with no return address
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If you think gardenias
smell nice, try smelling these
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Those is used for multiple items that are far
away
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Correct

A house like that would be a nice place to live
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Why don’t you try some of those? Those aren’t swans,
they’re geese
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Some common indefinite pronouns are one,
other, none, some, anybody, everybody, and no one
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It matters more to some than others
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When indefinite pronouns function as subjects of a sentence or clause, they usually take
singular verbs
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Use a reflexive pronoun when both the subject and object of a verb refer to the same
person or thing
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They booked themselves a room
at the resort
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Intensive pronouns look the same as reflexive pronouns, but their purpose is different
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Correct

I built this house myself
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But “myself”
emphasizes that I personally built the house—I didn’t hire someone else to
do it for me
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But “yourself”
makes it clear that the person asking wants to know whether you actually
witnessed the incident or whether you only heard it described by someone
else
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Don’t fall into that trap! If you use a -self form of a
pronoun, make sure it matches one of the uses above
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Loretta, Henry, and
myself are pleased to welcome you to the neighborhood
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My, your, its, his, her, our,
their and whose are used to show that something belongs to an antecedent
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Just put me back on my bike
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The absolute possessive pronouns are mine, yours, his, hers, ours, and theirs
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Correct

Are you finished with your application? Sarah already finished hers
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I practiced my speech and the students practiced theirs
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Remember,
possessive personal pronouns don’t include apostrophes
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The interrogative pronouns
are who, what, which, and whose

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