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What is Bioinformatics ?
Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field that develops
methods and software tools for understanding biological data
...
Bioinformatics Term :
Paulien Hogeweg and Ben Hesper coined it in 1970
• Bioinformatics involves the storage, retrieval and interpretation of
biological data, especially data of nucleic acids and amino acids, and
studies molecular rules and systems that govern or affect the
structure, function, and evolution of various forms of life from
computational
approaches
has
a
lot
of
applications
in
pharmaceutical, agricultural and food industries, and in molecular
genetics research
...
g
...
g
...
• Bioinformatics is the creation and application of tools (algorithms,
database) that solves all kinds of biological data
...
Need of Bioinformatics
• The volume of data that is produced from next-generation sequencing platforms is massive
after human genome project
...
• Researchers begin to believe that bioinformatics and computational biology must play a key
role for understanding biology
...
• Development of new algorithms (mathematical formulas) and statistical
measures that assess relationships among members of large data sets
...
Bioinformatics organizes data in a way that allows researchers to access
existing information and to submit new entries as they are produced, eg the
Protein Data Bank for 3D macromolecular structures
...
Thus the purpose of bioinformatics extends much further
...
The second aim is to develop tools and resources that aid in the analysis
of data
...
This needs more
than just a simple text-based search and programs such as FASTA and PSI-
BLAST must consider what comprises a biologically significant match
...
• The third aim is to use these tools to analyze the data and
interpret the results in a biologically meaningful manner
...
In bioinformatics, we can now conduct global analyses
of all the available data with the aim of uncovering common
principles that apply across many systems and highlight novel
features
...
• In the field of genetics and genomics, it aids in sequencing and
annotating genomes and their observed mutations
...
• It also plays a role in the analysis of gene and protein expression and regulation
...
Analysis
Phylogenetic analysis is also one of the important implementation of bioinformatics in
biological research
...
• In structural biology, it aids in the simulation and modeling of DNA, RNA, Proteins as well
as biomolecular interactions
...
Perhaps, could develop drugs with even
better therapeutic properties than the existing ones