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Title: How protein structure affects function
Description: Various protein functions are determined by the structure of the proteins. These notes give an in depth understanding of the correlation between structure and function of proteins.
Description: Various protein functions are determined by the structure of the proteins. These notes give an in depth understanding of the correlation between structure and function of proteins.
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HOW PROTEIN
STRUCTURE IS RELATED
TO FUNCTION
C
...
Typical examples are:
collagen
haemoglobin and myoglobin
• enzymes
HOW PROTEIN STRUCTURE IS RELATED TO FUNCTION
Cont……
Collagen
• is the main protein in connective tissues in animals and
mammals
...
• tough bundles of collagen called collagen fibers are a major
component of the extracellular matrix that supports most
tissues and gives mostly the cells’ external structure
...
Structure of Collagen
• consists of three left-handed helical chains coiled
around each other
...
• Each helix has three amino acids per turn and is more
extended than an α-helix consisting mostly of the
repeating amino acids sequence –Gly-X-Y, where X is
usually proline and Y is usually hydroxyproline
...
Structure of Collagen cont…
...
• This hydroxylation is necessary for proper development
of collagen
...
• That is why people who suffer from scurvy due to lack
of vitamin C in their diet develop skin lesions, fragile
blood vessels (susceptible to bruising), loose teeth,
and bleeding gums because of poor development of
collagen
...
PRESENT ONLY IN MULTI-CELLULAR ORGANISMS
Similarities & Differences cont………
• Myoglobin has only one subunit and hemoglobin has four
subunits (2α and 2β subunits)
...
• Both have a heme prosthetic group which is made up of a
protoporphyrin ring and iron ion
...
• Iron atom can be in ferrous (+2) or ferric (+3) state and only +2
state binds oxygen
...
The molecules has one
polypeptide chain and its very compact with little space
inside
...
If oxygen bonds to heme only and not on the polypeptide
chain then what is the function of the polypeptide in
myoglobin and heme?
THREE MAIN REASONS:
1
...
2
...
Significantly decreases carbon monoxide affinity for
myoglobin (and hemoglobin)
EXPLANATION: Carbon monoxide binds to isolated heme with
much greater affinity than oxygen
...
An In-Depth Look At Haemoglobin
• Hemoglobin consists of 4 polypeptide chains, 2 of one
type, 2 of another (α2 and β2), held together by noncovalent bonds
...
• The three-dimensional structures of myoglobin and α and
β chains of hemoglobins are very similar
Title: How protein structure affects function
Description: Various protein functions are determined by the structure of the proteins. These notes give an in depth understanding of the correlation between structure and function of proteins.
Description: Various protein functions are determined by the structure of the proteins. These notes give an in depth understanding of the correlation between structure and function of proteins.