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Anxiety and Anxiety-Related Disorders
Anxiety Disorder – group of psychological disorders characterized by prolonged, uncontrollable, and
sometimes vague feelings of worry or anxiety

Understanding anxiety
Recognize the symptoms that characterize the different anxiety and anxiety-related disorders
Fear- an emotional response that is followed by a physiological reaction when faced with a threat or
in a situation where a person is reminded of past experiences
Anxiety – feeling a vague sense of uncertainty about what might happen
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Specific Phobias
Coulrophobia – fear of clowns
Arachnophobia –
Claustrophobia – fear of elevators and fear of small spaces
Emetophobia – fear of vomiting
Specific phobia – fear that comes because of a specific object or situation (eg
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2%
o Refers to by DSM-5 as a ‘specifier’

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Psychological disorder
Panic disorder – a person experiencing recurrent panic attacks which are sometimes
unexpected
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They appear repeatedly and are followed by ritualistic behaviors to reduce
the anxiety brought about by the obsessions
Obsessions – distracting and intrusive thoughts, images, or urges that repeatedly interrupt a
person’s consciousness and cause anxiety, even if the person knows these thoughts are
irrational
Compulsions – repetitive, ritualistic behaviors usually performed in response to obsessions
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12-month prevalence rate of OCD is 1
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S adults is 3
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Functional MRIs have revealed some differences between specific disorders that may explain the
diversity of symptoms experienced
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Behaviorists believe that anxious behavior is learned
Cognitive psychologists view anxiety disorders as the result of distorted, negative thoughts
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Explaining anxiety disorders offers an opportunity to truly see the biopsychosocial approach in
action

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