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Title: Reasoning and aptitude
Description: This is a notes of reasoning and aptitude. here you can easily understood the subject with translation
Description: This is a notes of reasoning and aptitude. here you can easily understood the subject with translation
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REASONING
INDEX
Name of the Topic
Page No
1
...
NUMBER SERIES
5
3
...
NUMBER ANALOGY
12
5
...
CLASSIFICATION
17
7
...
RANKING
27
9
...
DIRECTIONS
38
11
...
MISSING CHARACTERS
47
13
...
INPUT-OUTPUT
59
15
...
CLOCK AND CALENDER
78
17
...
CODED INEQUALITIES
94
19
...
LETTER SERIES
A series that is made by only alphabetic
letters
...
Here, we have solved this problem with a general
method
...
The given sequence consists of two series
(i) Z, X, V, T, __
(ii) L, J, H, F, __
...
Next term of (i) series = R, and Next term of (ii)
series = D
CONTINUOUS PATTERN SERIES
It is a series of small/capital letters that follow a
certain pattern like repetition of letters
...
b a a b b a / b a a b b a / b a
•
•
•
Firstly, count the number of blanks and
given letters
...
GENERAL SERIES OF ALPHABET
Example: 1
...
1st of all we will write the forward
alphabet series as given below:
Now, for solving the example we apply this rule
...
Hence, we add 7 + 13 = 20
...
Also, 20th from left less
mean 26 – 20 + 1 = 7th from right
...
mth element to be counted from left to right of a
series of x characters is equal to (x + 1 – m)th
element to be counted from right to left of that
series
...
Now suppose, we have to find out the position of
K in the above given series counting from right to
left
...
Thus m = 11
Position of K in the above given series from right
to left would be (26 + 1 – 11) = 16
There is no any rule for such type of problems
...
Example: 3
...
As per the question the interchanges take
place as follows:
How to solve problems based on backward
(reverse) alphabet series?
While solving problems based on general series
of alphabet, we come across the various cases
...
Let us take a case when a forward order alphabet
series get reversed in three segments
...
Just see the presentation given below:
Here we can see that Q interchanges with S
...
RANDOM SERIES OF ALPHABET
This series is not in the proper sequence and
letters take their position in the series in jumbled
manner
...
Even same letters may be
repeated in the series
...
How many letters in the following
series are immediately preceded by B but not
immediately followed by D?
Now if you are asked to find out the 4th letter
from left in the new obtained series, then
through general method, we simply do count
from left in the new series and find out our
required answer as ‘E’ because ‘E’ is at 4th
position from left in the new obtained series
...
How to solve if positions of letters are
interchanged?
Only the two times A fulfill the given condition
and those A have been marked with the correct
sign (✓)
...
Required answer is 2
CLASSROOM EXERCISE
1
...
B, D, G, K, P, ----
2
(a) S
(b) V
(c) W
(d) X
3
...
GKF, IPC, LTY, PWT, UYN, --(a) ABZ
(b) XBX
(c) XAH
(d) AZG
(b) UIJ
(d) UVV
(c) NH
(b) RX
(c) SY
(d) TZ
(b) UYX
(c) UVY
(d) TWY
(c) L
(d) O
21
...
TCFK, RADI, OXAF, JSVA, ---
(a) M
(a) DMPU
22
...
SCD, TEF, UGH, ----, WKL
(A) CMN
(b) UJI
(a) XYZ
(c) VIJ
(d) IJT
8
...
ZA, YB, XC, WD, ---(a) EV
(b) VE
(d) UF
10
...
LKAM, GGWJ, ----, YAOD, UXKA
16
...
KV, LU, MT, NS, ---(a) OS
(b) OU
(d) KJE
5
...
QLR, JPD, RNU, GNC, SPX, DLB, ----
15
...
BEP, CIQ, DOR, FUS, GAT, ---
14
...
I, X, J, W, K, V, L, ---
13
...
A, B, D, H, ---
12
...
U, T, R, O, K, ---(a) G
11
...
E, H, L, O, S, ---(a) U
(c) FU
(b) N
23
...
CEG, IKM, OQS, ----(a) UWY
(c) DDV
(b) HN
19
...
GTB, CYV, YDP, ----, QND
(a) DIV
18
...
FAG, GAF, HAI, IAH, --(a) JAK
(c) OR
(b) DFTC
(d) JNTE
(b) HAL
(c) HAK
(d) JAI
8
...
QPO, NML, KGI, ----, EDC
(a) HJF
(b) CAB
(b) HGH
(c) JKL
(d) GHI
(b) K
(c) IJI
(d) JHJ
(b) B
(c) J
(d) L
(b) A
(c) D
(d) Z
(b) JIRQ
(b) Q
(a) KS
(b) JT
(a) GJL
(b) GLJ
(a) Z
(b) A
(c) Z
(d) C
(a) DCB
(b) CBA
(c) CBYZ
(d) JMRS
(a) Q
(b) N
24
...
A, C, E, G, ---(a) H
(b) I
(d) O
(c) KT
(d) JS
(c) GTL
(d) JLG
(c) B
(d) C
(c) BCD
(d) EDC
(c) O
(d) P
(c) A
(d) E
(c) DFI
(d) EGI
23
...
AB, DEF, HIJK, ------, STUVWX
(b) LMNOP
(c) R
22
...
DCXW, FEVU, HGTS, ---(a) JKPO
(a) P
21
...
B, B, A, D, --, F
(a) B
(d) X
20
...
----, E, G, J, N
(a) A
(c) Z
19
...
B, F, --, N, R
(a) G
(b) Y
18
...
BCB, DED, FGF, HIH, -----(a) JKJ
(a) W
(b) C
25
...
L, N, Q, S, V, ----
4
2
...
Types of Number Series
1
...
292 , 392 , 452 , 592 , 692
2
...
163 , 173 , 183 , 193 , 203
3
...
21 × 4 = 84
84 × 4 = 336
336 × 4 = 1344
1344 × 4 = 5376
5
...
Example: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, __ , 19
Sol
...
The prime number, after 13 is
17
...
6
...
EXAMPLE 2, 11, 17, 13, __, 41
Sol
...
After 23, the prime
numbers are 29 and 31
...
7
...
This type of series is
more than are different order which arranged in
alternatively in single series or created according
to any non-conventional rule
...
× 2 + 3, × 2 + 3, × 2 + 3, × 2 + 3, × 2 + 3, × 2 + 3
So, the answer is 19 + 3 = 22
8
...
Geometric Number Series:
Geometric Number series is an arrangement of
numbers in a certain order, where some numbers
are this type of series are based on ascending or
descending order of numbers and each continues
number is obtained by multiplication or division
of the previous number with a static number
...
Sol
...
7–4=3
EXAMPLE: 2, 10, 26, 50, 82, __
Sol
...
2,17,45,99,205, ----
82 – 50 = 32
(a) 405
CLASSROOM EXERCISE
(b) 26
(a) 196
(c) 22
(d) 24
2
...
99,87,74,60, --(a) 44
(b) 45
(d) 43
4
...
361, 400, 441, 484, ---(a) 529
(b) 539
(d) 576
6
...
27,28,3663, 127, --(a) 252
(b) 242
(d) 262
8
...
2,12,36, 80, --(a) 160
(b) 150
(d) 120
10
...
97,83,73,67,59, --(a) 53
(b) 49
(b) 22
(c) 47
(d) 51
(b) 84
(c) 121
(d) 143
(b) 80
(c) 365
(d) 363
(b) 102
(c) 80
(d) 163
(b) 393
(c) 396
(d) 384
(b) 42
...
3
(d)42
...
33
(d) 0
...
23, -38,53, -68, -----, -98
(c) 118
(d) 111
14
...
19,21,24,29,36,47, ----
13
...
21,22,25,30,37, -----
12
...
1,2,3,2,4,5,4,5, --(a) 8
(c) 863
(b) 32
24
...
3
(c) 130
(d) 32
23
...
7
...
9,14
...
7, ---(a) 42
...
5,4,7,20,79, --(a) 394
(c) 729
(d) 189
20
...
4,13,40,121, ---(a) 202
(c) 24
(b) 186
18
...
5,25,7, ----,9,19
(a) 23
(c) 47
(c) 425
16
...
12,14,16,18,20, ---(a) 23
(b) 415
(a) 83
(b) -83
4
...
25,26,30,39,55, ---(a) 80
(b) 71
(a) 1500
(c) 85
(d) 91
6
...
56,57,61,88,104, --(a) 229
(b) 129
(d) 168
8
...
15,16,34,105, --(a) 424
(b) 416
(d) 312
10
...
2,3,6,18,108, ---(a) 1844
(b) 1944
(d) 2044
12
...
7,13,25,49,97, ---(a) 192
(b) 194
(d) 195
14
...
320, 160, 240, 600, ----
(d) 43
(b) 35
(c) 40
(d) 42
(b) 34
(c) 30
(d) 32
(b) 50
(c) 55
(d) 6
(b) 198
(c) 189
(d) 199
(b) 563
(c) 535
(d) 353
(b) 512
(c) 256
(d) 324
(c) 58
(d) 64
(c) 36
(d) 96
24
...
49,216,625,1024,729, ---(a) 128
(c) 193
(c) 30
22
...
6,4,5,11,39, --(a) 188
(c) 1744
(d) 1420
20
...
17,18,14,23,7, --(a) 28
(c) 318
(b) 1560
18
...
62,64, ----,32,14,16
(a) 26
(c) 140
(c) 1800
16
...
2,4,4,8,16,16,96, ---(a) 64
(b) 32
7
3
...
Which of the following is fifth to the right of
eleventh from the right end of the given series?
Sol
...
CLASSROOM EXERCISE
H4R%MA#K2P5I©N3W@F&J1UV9Q
ED78
(c) 8
7
...
If all the symbols are dropped from the
arrangement, then which of the following is the
6th letter to the right of the 15th letter from the
right end?
8
...
How many numbers are immediately
preceded by a consonant and immediately
followed by a symbol?
(c) E
2
...
Complete the series: QEU V9J 1UF &JW ?
(a) @N©
(b) @FN
(c) FNB
(d) @WN
(e) None of these
4
...
Four of the five are alike in a certain way,
which does not belong to the group?
(a) P52
(b) QE9
(d) ©NI
(e) F&@
(c) MA#
(a) None
(b) One
(c) Two
(d) Three
(e) More than three
(a) None
(b) One
(c) Two
(d) Three
e) More than three
10
...
Find which one does not follow the
pattern
...
ab __ aa __ bbb __ aaa __ bbba
(a) abab
(b) abba
(c) aaab
(d) baab
12
...
__ __ babbba __ a __ __
(a) babbb
(b) bbaba
8
(c) baaab
(d) ababb
14
...
(a) N
(b) M
(c) K
(d) O
(e) None of these
15
...
(a) E
(b) D
(c) A
order, which letter will be sixth to the left of
seventeenth letter from left?
(a) D
(b) B
(c) V
(d) U
21
...
On the basis of
their position in English alphabet, which is the
one that does not belong the group?
(a) DKGK
(b) FMI
(c) MTP
(d) HOL
16
...
If the letters from T to Z are interchanged by
the letters A to G in such a way that A takes the
position of T and so on, then which will be the
third letter to the left of 18th letter from right?
ABCDEFGHUKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
...
If the second half of the following series is
written in the reverse order, which will be the
7th letter to the left of 23rd letter from your
left?
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
...
How many meaningful English words can be
formed with the letters ESRO using each letter
only once in each word?
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4
19
...
If in the English alphabet, all the letters at
odd-numbered positions are written in serial
order from left to right followed by the letters at
even-numbered positions written in reverse
(b) U
(c) B
(d) C
23
...
Without changing any order in
the original from the alphabet?
(a) N
(b) P
(c) O
(d) Q
24
...
How many pairs of letters are there in the
word " CASTRAPHONE" which have as many
letters between them in the word as in the
alphabet?
(a) 3
(b) 4
(c) 5
(d) 6
STUDENT EXERCISE
Directions (1-5): Study the following
arrangement and answer questions given:
648 483 295 333 261 312
9
1
...
If in each number 1 is added to first digit and
then first and third are interchanged, then which
is the largest number?
(a) 312
(b) 261
(c) 295
(d) 648
(e) None of these
3
...
If one is subtracted from all even digits in the
numbers, then in how many numbers, a digit
appears twice within a number?
(a) None
(b) One
(c) Two
(d) Three
(e) More than three
5
...
32
(b) 0
...
00
(e) 0
...
44
6
...
__ bbca _ bcca __ ac __ a __ cb
(a) acbab
(b) bcaab
(c) bacab
(d) abcba
8
...
(d) M
9
...
In the following series which is the 5th letter
to the left of 14th letter from your right?
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
...
If first half of the following series is written
in the reverse order, which will be the 5th letter
to the left of 13th letter from your right?
ABCDEFGHUKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
...
If the second half of the following series is
written in the reverse order then which will be
the 12th letter to the right of 10th letter from
your left?
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
...
If the first and second letters in the word
DEPRESSION' were interchanged, also the third
and the fourth letters, the fifth and the sixth
letters and so on, which of the following would
be the seventh letter from the right ?
(a) O
(c) babc
(c) L
(b) R
(c) S
(d) P
14
...
If more than
one such word can be formed, write 'M' as your
answer and if no such word can be formed,
write 'X' as your answer
...
If every third letter from the following
English alphabet is dropped, which letter will be
seventh to the right of eleventh letter from your
right?
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXY
ZD
(a) V
(b) U
(c) K
(d) I
16
...
If it is possible to from a word with the first,
fourth, seventh and eleventh letters in the word
'SPHERVLVODS' write the second letter of that
word Otherwise, X is the answer
...
How many pairs of letters are there in the
word 'CASTRAPHONE' which have as many
letters between them in the word as in the
alphabet?
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4
19
...
Which letter in this alphabet is the eighth
letter to the right of the letter and which is tenth
letter to the left of the last but one letter of the
alphabet?
(a) Y
(b) W
(c) G
(d) F
20
...
If letters in the word UNIVERSAL are
arranged in the alphabetical order and each
letter is assigned numerical value equal to its
serial number from the left in this rearranged
order, what is the difference in the total of
numerical values of vowels and that of
consonants?
(a) 19
(b) 17
(c) 21
(d) 20
22
...
If the letters in each to the following five
words are first rearranged in the alphabetical
order and then in the groups of letters so
formed are rearranged as in dictionary, which
word would have its group of letters in the
MIDDLE among the five?
(a) code
(b) lack
(c) meet
(d) deaf
24
...
Which letter in this alphabet is the eighth
letter to the right of the letter and which is the
tenth letter to the left of the last but one letter
of the alphabet?
(a) X
(b) W
(c) I
(d) H
25
...
NUMBER ANALOGY
NUMBER ANALOGY
In this, candidate has to find out the Relationship
the number or group of numbers
...
EXAMPLE 234 : 9 : : 136 : 10
(Here, 2 + 3 + 4 = 9 and 1 + 3 + 6 = 10)
Multiplication and Division of numbers
EXAMPLE 3 : 21 : : 5 : 35
(Here, 3 × 7 = 21 and 5 × 7 = 35)
Squares & Cubes of numbers
EXAMPLE 4 : 16 : : 8 : 64
(here, 42 = 16 and 82 = 64)
CLASSROOM EXERCISE
1
...
25 : 175 :: 32 : ?
(a) 162
(b) 160
(c) 150
(d) 170
3
...
25 : 625 : : 35 : ?
(a) 635
(b) 1575
(c) 875
(d) 1205
5
...
6 : 8 :: 3 : ?
(a) 6
(b) 8
(c) 2
(d) 4
7
...
5 : 30 :: 8 : ?
(a) 69
(b) 80
(c) 14
(d) 50
9
...
6 : 12 : : 20 : ?
(a) 30
(b) 42
(c) 50
(d) 38
DIRECTIONS (11-17): Choosing a similarly related
pair as the given pair on the basis of the relation
between the numbers in each pair
...
11529 : 72135 : : 152943 : ?
(a) 213549
(b) 203448
(c) 163044
(d) 62034
12
...
26 : 5 : 65 : ?
(a) 6
(b) 7
(c) 8
(d) 9
14
...
583 : 293 : : 488 : ?
(a) 291
(b) 378
(c) 487
(d) 581
16
...
25: 37: : 49: ?
(a) 41
(b) 56
(c) 60
(d) 65
DIRECTIONS(18-27) : Choosing a similarly related
pair as the given pair on the basis of the relation
between the numbers in each pair
...
5: 100, 4 : 64 : : 4 : 80, 3 : ?
(a) 24
(b) 48
(c) 54
(d) 60
19
...
17 : 52 : : 1 : ?
(a) 3
(b) 4
(c) 5
(d) 51
21
...
8 : 81 :: 64 : ?
(a) 125
(b) 137
(c) 525
(d) 625
23
...
27 : 9
(a) 64 : 8
(b) 125 : 5
(c) 135 : 15
(d) 729 : 81
25
...
7 : 30 :: 17 : ?
(a) 210
(b) 54
(c) 18
2
...
49 : 343 : : 64 : ?
(a) 416
(b) 516
(c) 512
4
...
6 : 17 :: 9 : ?
(a) 27
(b) 28
(c) 25
(d) 26
6
...
25 : 81 : : 36 : ?
(a) 65
(b) 103
(c) 121
(d) 93
8
...
5 : 30 : : 7: ?
(a) 49
(b) 56
(c) 54
(d) 50
10
...
11
...
16 : 0
...
02 : ?
(a) 0
...
102
(c) 1
...
20
12
...
7 : 56 : : 9 : ?
(a) 63
(b) 81
(c) 85
(d) 90
14
...
49 : 81 : : 100 : ?
(a) 64
(b) 144
(c) 169
(d) 199
DIRECTIONS (16-23): Choosing a similarly related
pair as the given pair on the basis of the relation
between the numbers in each pair
...
21 : 3 :: 574 : ?
(a) 23
(b) 82
(c) 97
(d) 113
17
...
121 : 12 : : 25 : ?
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 4
(d) 6
19
...
3265 : 4376 : : 4673 : ?
(a) 2154
(b) 3562
(c) 5487 (d) 5784
21
...
6 : 222 : 7 : ?
(a) 210
(b) 330
(c) 350
(d) 380
23
...
11 : 1210
(a) 6 : 216
(b) 7 : 1029 (c) 8 : 448
(d) 9 : 729
25
...
LETTER ANALOGY
LETTER ANALOGY
In this, candidate has to find out the relationship
between given letters or group of letters
...
Similarly, PQ & UV are in the natural
alphabetical sequence
(a) KMNP
Case II: Backward or Opposite alphabetical
sequence
EXAMPLE
DC : GF : : QP : VU
In fact this case is opposite of case I
(a) MNL
Case III: Vowel – Consonant relation
EXAMPLE
ATL : EVX : : IPR : ORS
Here, the 1st two words start with the 1st two
vowels A & E and the next two words start with
the next two vowels I & O
...
(a) QRPOST
Case IV: Skip letter relation
EXAMPLE
ABC : FGH : : IJK : NOP
Here, between ABC & FGH two letters skip and
they are D & E
...
(b) MNPR
(a) GJMP
(b) GMJP
(a) XVT
(b) TVX
(a) EHIJ
(b) GHIJ
2
...
LMN : QPO :: OPQ:?
(b) NML
7
...
JHD : KLIJEF : : PNR : ?
(b) QROPST
(c) QORPTS
(d) STQRPO
9
...
NCRT : XMBD : : ? : LVDI
(a) LBYT
(b) BLYT
11
...
FG : BC : : RI : ?
(a) EN
(b) NE
(a) LQGB
(d) SY
(c) VTX
5
...
AG : IO : : EK : ?
(c) PV
(c) JGMP (d) JGPM
4
...
DH : GL : : PQ : ?
(b) MS
(d) TVXZ
3
...
CLASSROOM EXERCISE
(a) LR
(c) TQST
(a) RS
(b) SU
14
...
EJOT : ________: : YDIN : VAFK
(b) BGLQ
(c) QBGL
(b) KG : LH
(c) MA : NZ
(d) BGQL
16
...
KSJ : MUL :: RCU :?
3
...
DGPGJ : MPQPS : : KNENQ : …
...
DFH : FHD :: MOQ:?
19
...
21
...
BCDE: PQRS :: WXYZ : ?
(a) EFGH
(b) KLMN
8
...
ESPI : KMJO : : ? : YLNV
(a) SRPT
(b) SRTP
10
...
EJOT : ________: : YDIN : VAFK
(a) LQGB
(b) BGLQ
(c) QBGL (d) BGQL
15
...
FLQV :JISU :: DJNR : ?
1
...
EDC : RQP : : MLK : ?
25
...
IE : RV : : KC : ?
24
...
HB : SY : : KE : ?
23
...
Dda : aDD : : Rrb : ?
(a) YWU
(a) PSC
22
...
CEG : IJM :: NPR:?
20
...
KMF : LLH : : RMS : ?
(d) RFUEX
(a) MSLO
(a) CLL
(b) bRR
(d) UWY
(b) HGPQ
17
...
UTS : EDC : : WVU : ?
(a) XWV
(b) WXY
(c) SJM
(d) RPO
19
...
Television : Telecast : : Radio : ?
(c)ZBDF
(d) YZAB
20
...
(a) Broadcast
(b) News
(c) Music
(d) Dawn
24
...
Book : Publisher : : Film ; ?
25
...
West : North–East : : South : ?
16
6
...
Meaningful Words Based Classification:
In classification we take out an element out of
some given elements and the element to be
taken out is different from the rest of the
elements in terms of common properties, shapes,
sizes, types, nature, colors, traits etc
...
In such type of classification we have to take odd
word out of the given group of meaningful words
...
Letter/Meaningless Word-Based Classification
Such classifications are based on letters of English
alphabet
...
EXAMPLE
(a) PQT
(b) UVY
(d) IJN
Sol:
(e) FGJ
(c) DEH
3
...
EXAMPLE
(a) 122
(b) 128
(c) 199
(d) 200
(e) 388
Sol
...
4
...
No doubts that this is a word
based classification but without having general
knowledge this type of questions cannot be
solved
...
Octopus is the only animal out of given
options which is a water animal
...
In each of the following questions, four
numbers are given out of which three are like in
some manner while one is different
...
In each of the following questions, four
numbers are given out of which three are like in
some manner while one is different
...
In each of the following questions, four
numbers are given out of which three are like in
some manner while one is different
...
In each of the following questions, four
numbers are given out of which three are like in
some manner while one is different
...
In each of the following questions, four
numbers are given out of which three are like in
some manner while one is different
...
In each of the following questions, four
numbers are given out of which three are like in
some manner while one is different
...
In each of the following questions, four
numbers are given out of which three are like in
some manner while one is different
...
In each of the following questions, four
numbers are given out of which three are like in
some manner while one is different
...
In each of the following questions, four
numbers are given out of which three are like in
some manner while one is different
...
In each of the following questions, four
numbers are given out of which three are like in
some manner while one is different
...
Choose the group of letters which is different
from others
...
Choose the group of letters which is different
from others
...
Choose the group of letters which is different
from others
...
Choose the group of letters which is different
from others
...
Choose the group of letters which is different
from others
...
Choose the group of letters which is different
from others
...
Choose the group of which is different from
others
...
Choose the group of letters which is different
from others
...
Choose the group of letters which is different
from others
...
Choose the word which is least like the
others word in a group
(a) Chemistry (b) Geography (c) Zoology
(d) Botany
(e) Physics
24
...
Choose the word which is least like the
others word in a group?
(a) Lion
(b) Cheetah
(d) Tiger
(e) Leopard
(c) Bear
(b) 18
(c) 28
(d) 45
2
...
Choose the
one which is different from the rest three?
(b) 83
(c) 21
(d) 69
3
...
Choose the
one which is different from the rest three?
(b) 128
(c) 37
(d) 16
4
...
Choose the
one which is different from the rest three?
(a) 56
22
...
Choose the word which is least like the
others word in a group?
(a) Calendar (b) Date
1
...
Choose the
one which is different from the rest three?
(a) 81
20
...
(a) abcq
STUDENT EXERCISE
(b) 128
(c) 2
(d) 16
5
...
Choose the
one which is different from the rest three?
(a) 196
(b) 256
(c) 144
(d) 168
6
...
Choose the
one which is different from the rest three?
(a) 31
(b) 57
(c) 7
(d) 15
7
...
Choose the
one which is different from the rest three?
(a) 15
(b) 16
(c) 10
(d) 11
8
...
Choose the
one which is different from the rest three?
19
(a) 4566
(b) 5686
(c) 1236
9
...
Choose the
one which is different from the rest three?
(a) 15
(b) 17
(c) 11
(d) 13
10
...
Choose the
one which is different from the rest three?
(a) 125
(b) 144
(c) 27
(d) 64
11
...
(a) ABD
(b) FGI
(c) LMO
(d) SUT
(e) WXZ
12
...
(a) ACE
(b) PRT
(d) MNO
(e) GIK
(c) UWY
13
...
(a) DG2
(d) PY8
(b) EK5
(c) JR6
(e) RV3
14
...
(a) RAT
(b) CAT
(d) MAT
(e) GET
(c) SAT
(b) PQ
(d) MO
(e) PG
(d) GHI
(d) YGLhT
(e) UHmQY
(c) KFeCO
18
...
(a) ACZX
(b) BDYW
(d) GITR
(e) CEUS
(c) EGVT
19
...
(a) VYKB
(b) MYGHZ
(d) FSYLD
(e) QBSPN
(c) LMVOX
20
...
(a) ABpQ
(b) npRS
(d) EFGh
(e) LNrX
(c) PQrT
21
...
Choose the word which is least like the
others word in a group?
(a) Moon
(b) Sun
(d) Star
(e) Planets
(c) Universe
23
...
Choose the group of letters which is different
from others
...
Choose the group of letters which is different
from others
...
Choose the word which is least like the
others word in a group?
(a) Zinc
(b) Aluminum (c) Copper
(d) Mercury
(e) Iron
25
...
Choose the group of letters which is different
from others
...
CODING – DECODING
INTRODUCTION
In this segment of commonsense reasoning,
secret messages or words have to be decoded
...
Then the same is
applied to decode another coded word
...
TYPE-1 CODING BY LETTER SHIFTING
Coding based on skipped sequence
...
If the word ‘FACT’ is coded as
‘IDFW’; then how will you code ‘DEEP’?
Coding in forward sequence
EXAMPLE 1
...
Here, every letter of the word shifts three
places in forward alphabetical order
...
Here, every letter of the word ‘GOOD’ shifts
one place in forward alphabetical sequence
...
Let us see :
Similarly, every letter in the word ‘BOLD’ will
move one place in forward alphabetical sequence
as given below:
∴ Code for ‘DEEP’ will be ‘GHHS’
...
Pattern 2:
Coding in backward sequence
...
If ‘NAME’ is coded as ‘MZLD’, then
how will code 'SAME'?
Sol
...
Let us
see:
In this coding, some words are replaced by some
substituted words and on the basis of substituted
word the code is derived
...
If 'cages' are called 'rockets',
'rockets' are called 'traps', 'traps' are called
'planets', 'planets' are called 'aeroplanes',
'aeroplanes' are called 'cycles' are cycles' are
called 'cars', what is Earth
(a) Cycles
(d) Aeroplanes
(b) Rockets
(c) Planet
(e) Cars
Sol
...
So, earth will be called aeroplanes
...
Let us see :
In this coding, all letters of a word have been
reversed
...
If ‘TEMPERATURE’ is coded as
‘ERUTAREPMET’, then how will you code
‘EDUCATION’ following the same scheme
...
Here, the word ‘TEMPERATURE’ has been
reversed
...
TYPE 4 : CODING IN FICTION LANGUAGE
In some cases of coding-decoding, fictions
language is used to code some words
...
In such types of problems, codes for each
word can be found by eliminating the common
words
...
In a certain code language ‘over and
above’ is written as ‘da pa ta’ and ‘old and
beautiful’ is written as ‘Sa na pa’
...
Pattern 2:
When alphabetical code value is given for
numbers
...
In a certain code 3 is coded as ‘R’, 4
is coded as ‘D’, 5 is coded as ‘N’, 6 is coded as ‘P’,
then find the code for ‘53446’
...
As per the given condition
Sol
...
Clearly, ‘and’ is common in both anda common
code is ‘Pa’
...
Code for ‘over’ = ‘da’ or ‘ta’
...
Code for old = ‘Sa’ or ‘na’
Code for beautiful = ‘Sa’ or ‘na’
∴ We can’t certainly say what will be exact code
for ‘over’
...
TYPE-6 : MATHEMATICAL OPERATIONS WITH
THE POSITION NUMBERS OF LETTERS
EXAMPLE 9
...
Look at the numbered alphabet and write
down the number corresponding to the letters of
the word ‘TALE’
...
Let us see:
When numerical values are given to words
...
If in a certain language A is coded as
1, B is coded as 2
...
Thus, the code for ‘CAME’ is
TYPE-5 : CODING BASED ON NUMBERS
Sol
...
22
CLASSROOM EXERCISE
(a) 76054
(b) 76504
1
...
If CROWD is coded as DWORC then what is
the code of SOCIAL?
(a) LQFBO
(b) LQEBO
(d) LQEAO
(e) None of these
(a) LIACOS
(b) LAICOS
2
...
If THERMAL is coded as KZLSDGS then what is
the code of “GEOGRAPHY”?
(c) LAIOCS
10
...
If MAGIC is coded KYGIC then what is the
code of GREAT?
(c) XGOZSFMDF
(d) XGOZSFNDF
(a) EQEAT
(b) VPABT
(e) None of these
(d) EPDAT
(e) None of these
4
...
If TRACK is coded as RTAKC then what is the
code of NETWORK?
(a) 597498
(b) 549798
(c) 594798
(d) 594789
(e) None of these
5
...
If MAGICAL is coded as NBTJXBO then what
is the code of DURATION?
(a) EVJBGJLO
(b) WVIYGJLO
(c) EVIBGJLO
(d) WVIBGJLO
6
...
If MANGO is coded QERKS then what is the
code of GUAVA?
(c) EVONMTEM
(d) EVOMTNEM
(e) None of these
7
...
If “SUBJECT” is coded as 3927518 and BROKE
is 24605, then what is the code of JOKER?
(a) KZEYE
(b) KYEZE
(c) KYDZE
(d) KYEYE
(e) None of these
15
...
If none of the combinations matches, choose
‘None of these’ as your answer
...
Condition 3:
If first element is an odd digit and last element is
an even digit then the code will be written in
reversed order
...
Note: If two or more conditions are applicable in
single code then Condition 1 will be given 1st
priority, Condition 2 will be given 2nd priority;
Condition 3 will be given 3rd priority and
Condition 4 will be given 4th priority
...
What would be the code of ‘9D8O3J4’?
(a) !>*&/XQ
(b) XQ!>*&/
(c) !>*&QX/
(d) XQ!>&*/
(e) None of these
17
...
What would be the code of ‘6PV5IA2’?
(a) }?%#
20
...
They
were expressing their thoughts in a coded
language
Ram says, "le po ki ba" when he wants to convey
that "friends make life live"
...
Bharat says, "lo mo se
te" when he wants to convey that "without
trouble gain impossible"
...
21
...
What is the code for "mission impossible"?
(a) mo fi
(b) te fi
(d) Either A or B
(c) fi se
(e) Either B or C
23
...
What is the code for "life impossible
without"?
(a) te mo se
(b) ba mo te
(c) se ki ba
(d) ki te ba
(e) None of these
(d) Z}Y%?@$ (e) None of these
25
...
What would be the code of ‘J8E735A’?
(a) lo te ba
(b) la le mo
(a) $/Z$#*<
(d) mo lo ba
(e) Either option A or D
(b)
(c) $/Z$#*$
(c) se st po
24
STUDENT EXERCISE
1
...
If GEOMETRY is coded as VTPNGVSZ then
what is the code of “MOTION”?
(a) LNUJML
(b) LMUJML
(c) LNUHML
(d) LNUJNL
(e) None of these
9
...
If STEAM is coded as QVCCK then what is the
code of GREAT?
(a) ETBCR
(b) ETCDR
(c) ESBCR
(d) EQCCR
(e) None of these
(11-15)
3
...
If SMILE is coded as ELIMS then what is the
code of “FAITH”?
(a) THIAF
(b) HTIAF
(c) IAFTH
(d) TIFAH
(e) None of these
5
...
If SMART is coded as UKCPV then what is the
code of WONDER?
(a) YLPBGP
(b) YMSBGP
(c) YMPBGP
(d) YMPAGP
(e) None of these
7
...
If IMPERIA is coded as HNOFQJZ then what is
the code of DISCOVER?
(a) CJRDNXDS
(b) CKRDNWDS
(c) CJRNDWDS
(d) CJRDNWDS
Condition 1: If a word starts with a vowel but
ends with a consonant then codes for first and
last letter to be reverse(d)
Condition 2: If there are more than two vowels in
a word, then first vowel is to be coded as 1,
second vowel as 2 and so on
...
Note: If more than one condition is applicable in
a word, then apply them in the ascending order
of their condition number
...
What is the code for "Sarcastic"?
(a) #1&%2#63%
(b) #&%#6%**0
(c) #&%#6%123
(d) 123#&%#6%
(e) None of these
12
...
What would be the code for "Apricot"?
(a) 6@&0%8*
(b) 6@&0%3*
(c) 6@&2%3*
(d) 1@&2%3*
25
14
...
"1#26&3@40" is the code for which of the
following words?
20
...
What does the code ‘jr’ stand for in the given
code language?
‘Move Fast Or Left Behind’ is coded as ‘hc ma tj
kl np’
‘Men Left Behind The Journey’ is coded as ‘at tj
ma lp uf’
‘Your Journey Ended Fast’ is coded as ‘lp ry hc jq’
‘The Life Ended Or Begin’ is coded as ‘kl fd at cr
ry’
(a) heart
(b) stay
(c) either ‘stay’ or ‘close’
(d) worst
(e) either ‘your’ or ‘was’
22
...
What does the code ‘np’ stands for in the
given code language?
(d) bl
(e) none of these
(a) Move
(b) Fast
23
...
What does the code ‘fd cr’ stands for in the
given code language?
(d) pc
(e) none of these
(a) Or Begin
24
...
What is the code of ‘Your Men’ in the given
code language?
(a) jq tj
(b) jq uf
(d) ry uf
(e) jq ma
(c) uf hc
19
...
If ‘In Your Dreams’ is written as ‘cd ma pi’
then what would be the code of ‘Dreams Close
Thing’?
(a) cd bl rm
(b) ma pc tn
(d) jr ha rm
(e) cd ap ha
(c) cd tn ap
(a) lp at cs rk (b) hc tj cs rk (c) lp ma cs rk
(d) Either option A or B
(e) Either option B or C
26
8
...
Sometimes question is twisted also and
position of a particular person is asked
= 40 – 13 + 1 = 27 + 1 = 28
CLASSROOM EXERCISE
Formulas to determine the positioning of a
person
1
...
If there are eight boys between Murugan
and Prasanna, how many boys are there in the
row?
(1) Left + Right = Total + 1
(a) 21
(2) Left = Total + 1 – Right
2
...
Six boys did not
participate in the competition and five failed in
it
...
Ram ranked ninth from the top and thirty–
eighth from the bottom in a class
...
Mahi ranked ninth from the top and thirty
eighth from the bottom in a class
...
In a row of 40 students, A is 13th
from the left end, find the rank from right end
...
Total = 40
(a) 42
(b) 44
(c) 46
(d) 48
5
...
P is sitting
fourteenth from the left and Q is seventh from
the right
...
In a row of trees, one tree is fifth from either
end of the row
...
Rajan ranks eighteenth in a class of 49
students
...
In a class of boys stands in a single line One
boy is nineteenth in order from both the ends
...
Some boys are sitting in a row
...
If there are four boys between P and Q,
how many boys are there in the row ?
(a) 25
(b) 23
(c) 21
(d) 19
10
...
What will be their respective ranks
from the bottom in the class?
(a) 20th and 24th
(b) 24th and 20th
(c) 25th and 21st
(d) none of these
(a) Book No
...
5
(b) Book No
...
1
(c) Book No
...
1
(d) Book No
...
5
(e) Book No
...
4
15
...
If there are six students between
them then how many students are there in a
row?
(a) 8
(b) 10
(c) 22
(d) 21
16
...
B, who is fourth to the right
of A, is fifth to the left of C then
...
Kailash remembers that his brother Deepak's
birthday falls after 20th May but before 28th
May, while Geetha remembers that Deepak's
birthday falls before 22nd May but after 12th
May
...
There are 25 students in a queue
...
What is his
position from the front?
In a class of boys and girls, Jadeja's rank is 20 th
and Sunanda's rank is 11th
...
In the class, Sunanda's rank is 64th
from the other end
...
(a) 11th
17
...
In a class of n students
...
Sahil’s rank is 19 from the bottom
...
Find the value of n
...
Among five books numbers 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
each has a different weight book no
...
5 but lighter than Book No
...
4 is heavier than book No
...
2 Which of the following
represents the books which are the heaviest and
the lightest respectively?
(c) 41
(17-18) Study the following information carefully
and answer the questions given below
...
How many girls are there between Jadeja
and last rank holder (assuming it is a boy) in the
class?
(a) 25
(b) 21
(c) 23
(d) 22
(e) None of these
19
...
If Danish is sitting exactly in between them,
what will be Danish’s position from left?
28
(a) 14
(b) 22
(c) 28
(d) 18
(e) None of these
occupy seventeenth place from the right and
eighteenth place from the left respectively
...
Kunal ranked sixteenth from the top and
twenty ninth from the bottom among those who
passed an examination
...
How many boys were there in the class?
(a) 35
(b) 45
(c) 50
(d) 55
(e) None of these
21
...
If
Vijay be ahead of Jack and there be 48 persons
in the queue, how many persons are there
between Vijay and Mary?
(a) 5
(b) 6
(d) 8
(e) None of these
(b) 9th
(c) 12th
(d) 14th
23
...
In a queue, Arun is 10th from the front while
Mukesh is 25th from behind and Maha is just in
the middle of the two
...
If Ajay finds that he is twelth from the right in
a line of boys and fourth from the left, how
many boys should be added to the line such that
there are 28 boys in the line?
(a) 7th
(c) 7
22
...
When they
exchange their positions, then Ramya becomes
thirteenth from the left
...
In a queue, Viji is fourteenth from the front
and Jack is seventeenth from the end, while
Mary is in between Viji and Jack
...
In a row of girls facing North, Reena is 10th to
the left of Pallavi, who is 21st from the right
en(d) If Malini, who is 17th from the left end, is
fourth to the right of Reena, how many girls are
there in the row?
24
...
What was the place
of Swati from the right end of the row if Swati
was three places to the right of Komal’s original
position?
(a) 37
(a) 22
(b) 23
(d) 26
(e) None of these
6
...
How many
students are there in the class?
(c) 25
25
...
If they
interchange their places, then Rita and Monika
(b) 41
(c) 43
(d) 49
5
...
If Sathish’s rank is seventeenth from the last,
what is Vimal’s rank from the start?
(a) 11th
(a) 54
(b) 13th
(b) 64
(c) 16th
(c) 65
(d) 18th
(d) 66
7
...
S is eighth from the
last
...
If Atul finds that he is twelfth from the right in
a line of boys and fourth from the left, how
many boys should be added to the line such that
there are 38 boys in the line ?
(a) 22
(b) 23
(c) 24
(d) 20
9
...
Ravi is 7 ranks ahead of Sumit in a class of
39
...
Harsha is standing in a queue, tenth from
behind There are 40 students in the queue
including Harsha
...
In a class Saurav is ranked 274th from the
first and 367th from the last
...
In a class, there are 120 students, where
boys are twice that of girls, Ramu a boy was
ranked 25th from the top if there are 10 girls
ahead of Ramu
...
Meenam is fourteenth from the right end in
a row of 40 girls
...
Ram is eighth from left end and is fourth to
the left of Shyam who is eighth from right end
...
Three persons A, B and C are standing in a
queue
...
If there are
three persons ahead of C and 21 behind A, then
what could be the minimum number of persons
in the queue?
(a) 27
(b) 28
(c) 40
(d) 41
(e) None of these
17
...
On which date of
July is definitely their father's birthday?
(a) Twenty-five or Twenty-seven
(b) Twenty-seven
(c) Twenty-five
(d) Twenty-six
(e) None of these
18
...
Rohit is 15th from the right end in the
same row
...
A is 24th from the right in a row of 30 girls
...
In a row of boys, if A who is tenth from the
left and B who is ninth from the right
interchange their positions
...
How many boys are there in the
row?
(a) 21
(b) 23
(c) 27
(d) 28
21
...
If they
interchange their places, then Nithya and
Suganya occupy seventeenth place from the
right and eighteenth place from the left
respectively
...
In a row of boys, Kapil is eighth from the
right and Nikunj is twelfth from the left
...
Which of the
following will be Kapil's position from the right?
(a) 8th
(b) 17th
(c) 21st
(d) none of these
23
...
When they interchange their positions
respectively then Vijay becomes 31st from right
end
...
Students line up in a queue in which Aman
stands fifteenth from the left and Simran is
seventh from the right
...
How many students are there in the queue?
(a) 21
(b) 22
(c) 28
(d) 29
(e) None of these
25
...
When they
interchange their places among themselves,
Ajay becomes thirteenth from the left
...
BLOOD RELATIONS
INTRODUCTION
Blood relation does mean biological relation
...
Similarly, brother,
sister, paternal grandfather, paternal
grandmother maternal grandfather, maternal
grandmother, grandson, granddaughter, niece,
cousin etc
...
TYPES OF BLOOD RELATIONS
There are mainly two types of blood relatives:
(i) Blood relation from paternal side
(ii) Blood relation from maternal side
(i) Blood relation from paternal side:
This type of blood relation can be further
subdivided into three types:
(a) Past generations of father : Great
grandfather, great grandmother, grandfather,
grandmother etc
...
(c) Future generations of father: Sons, daughters,
grandsons, granddaughters etc
...
(b) Parallel generations of mother: Maternal
uncles, maternal aunts etc
...
Some Important Information about Blood
Relations:
A
...
For example, If given that R is the child of
P & Q, then we can only say that P & Q are the
parents of R
...
(ii) Who is mother of R and who is father of R
...
Further we can also say
that P is father of R and Q is mother of R
...
Gender can not be decided on the basis of
name
...
are the names of both
male and female
...
Table of Blood Relations
Son of father or mother
Daughter of father or mother
Brother of father
Brother of mother
Sister of father
Sister of mother
Father of father
Father of father’s father
Father of grandfather
Mother of father
Mother of father’s mother
Brother
Sister
Uncle
Maternal Uncle
Aunt
Aunt
Grandfather
Great grandfather
Great grandfather
Grandmother
Great grandmother
32
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
Mother of grandmother
Father of mother
Father of mother’s father
Father of maternal grandfather
Mother of mother
Mother of mother, mother
Mother of maternal grandmother
Wife of father
Husband of mother
Wife of Grandfather
Husband of Grandmother
Wife of son
Husband of daughter
Brother of Husband
Brother of Wife
Sister of Husband
Sister of wife
Son of brother
Daughter of brother
Wife of brother
Husband of sister
Son of sister
Daughter of sister
Wife of uncle
Wife of maternal uncle
Son/ daughter of uncle/ Aunt
Son/ daughter of maternal uncle/ maternal aunt
Son/ daughter of sister of Father
Son/ daughter of sister of Mother
Only son of grandfather
Only daughter of maternal grandfather
Daughter of grandfather
Sons of grandfather other than father
Son of maternal grandfather/ maternal grandmother
Only daughter-in-law of grandfather/ grandmother
Daughters-in-law of grandfather / grandmother
Daughters-in-law of maternal grandfather
Neither brother nor sister
Great grandmother
Maternal grandfather
Great maternal grandfather
Great maternal grandfather
Maternal grandmother
Great maternal grandmother
Great maternal grandmother
Mother
Father
Grandmother
Grandfather
Daughter-in-law
Son-in-law
Brother-in-law
Brother-in-law
Sister-in-law
Sister-in-law
Nephew
Niece
Sister-in-law
Brother-in-law
Nephew
Niece
Aunt
Aunt
Cousin
Cousin
Cousin
Cousin
Father
Mother
Aunt
Uncle
Maternal Uncle
Mother
Aunt other than mother
Aunt maternal grandmother
Self
CLASSROOM EXERCISE
(a) P is the sister of Q;
1
...
C is B's mother
...
E
is D's mother
...
Q is the brother of R;
(c) S is the daughter of R
...
If A is the brother of B; B is the sister of C; and
C is the father of D, how D is related to A?
mother
...
A's son B is married with C whose sister D is
married to E the brother of b How D is related to
A?
11
...
How is Amit related to
the girl?
(a) Sister
(b) Daughter's-in-law
(a) Brother
(b) Grandfather
(c) Sister-in-law
(d) Cousin
(c) Husband
(d) Father-in-law
5
...
If A + B means B is the brother of A; A x B
means B is the husband of A; A - B means A is
the mother of B and A % B means A is the father
of B, which of the following relations shows that
Q is the grandmother of T?
(a) Q - P + R % T
(b) P x Q % R - T
(c) P x Q % R + T
(d) P + Q % R – T
7
...
Q is the son of R but R is not mother of P
and R are a married couple) Y is the brother of R
...
Z is the brother of P
...
Pointing to a photograph of a boy Suresh said,
"He is the son of the only son of my mother
...
P is the mother of K; K is the sister of D; D is
the father of J
...
A $ B means A is the father of B; A # B means
A is the sister of B; A * B means A is the
daughter of B and A @ B means A is the brother
of B
...
e
...
(a) brother
(b) uncle
N and P are siblings
...
O is the grandson of T is
the father-in-law of S
...
(c) cousin
(d) father
14
...
Pointing to a photograph Lata says, "He is the
son of the only son of my grandfather
...
Pointing a photograph X said to his friend Y,
"She is the only daughter of the father of my
(a)Son
(b)Daughter
(d) Daughter-in-law
(c) Son-in-law
(e)None of these
15
...
How is N related to O?
34
(a)Brother
(d)Mother
(b)Son
(e)None of these
(c)Father
Directions(17-19): Study the following
information carefully and answer the given
questions:
In a family there are eight members
...
C and Q are siblings
...
Z is brother in law of B, who is
son of D
...
There are only two
married couples in the family
...
How many male members are there in the
family?
(a) Four
(b)Three
(c) Five
(d)Two
(e)None of these
(b)Daughter in law
(c)Uncle
19
...
In a family of 10 members namely, C, D, E, F, G,
A, B, K, L and M, C is the daughter of D, whose
mother E is the wife of F who is the brother of G
...
L is the grandson of G whose
only child is M, who is the husband of K
...
20
...
How is F related to C?
(a) Maternal Grandmother
(b) Maternal Grandfather
(c)Uncle
(d)Son
e)None of the above
24
...
Amelie is the grandmother of Charles
and is the mother in law of Flyod Helen is the
daughter of Bob who is the brother of George)
Diana is the only child of George and is the
mother of Charles
...
25
...
How is Charles father related to George
daughter?
(a) Son
(b)Uncle
(d)Father-in-law
(c)Husband
e)Father
27
...
A is father of C and D is son of B
...
If C is sister of D, how is B related to E ?
(e)None of these
21
...
How is B related to C?
(c)Brother
Directions(25-27): Answer the following on the
basis of the information given below:
(d)Granddaughter (e)None of these
(a) Brother
(b)Sister
e)None of the above
18
...
35
A is the father of B
...
C is
the daughter of D
...
E is the
sister of F
...
Introducing a boy, a girl said, "He is the son of
the daughter of the father of my uncle" How is
the boy related to the girl?
2
...
Pointing to a photograph
...
" How Bajpai is related to the man in
the photograph?
(c) Mother
(d) Son
(a) nephew
(b) brother
(c) father
(d) maternal uncle
3
...
If D is married to P, then how is D related to
E?
(a) Daughter-in-law
(b)Son-in-law
(c)Father
(d)Cannot be determined
5
...
Which of the
following statements is true?
(a)
P and A are cousins
(b)
P is the maternal uncle of A
(c)
Q is the maternal grandfather of A
(d)
C and P are sisters
6
...
Which of the following means M
is the uncle of P?
11
...
" How is the woman related to Abhijit?
(a) Sister
(b) Grandmother
(c) Mother-in-law
(d) Mother
12
...
How is the person related to Deepak?
(a) Father
(b) Grandfather
(c) Uncle
(d) Brother-in-law
13
...
"
How Nalni is related to Gopi?
(a) Niece
(b) Daughter
(d) Cannot be determined
(a) M % N x P
(b) N x P % M
(c) Sister
(c) M + S % R % P
(d) M + K % T x P
14
...
"
What is the relation of Abhisek's wife to that
girl?
7
...
" How is
sandeep related to the girl?
(a) Uncle
(b) Cousin
(c) Father
(d) Grandfather
8
...
B is the son of C but C is
not the mother of B
...
D is the daughter of
A
...
Who is the mother of B ?
(a) D
(b) F
(c) B
(d) A
(a) Daughter
(b) Mother
(c) Aunt
(d) Sister
Directions(15-18): Study the following
information carefully and answer the given
question:
There are seven members in a family
...
E is the son of C who is
36
married with F
...
15
...
How many male members are there in the
family?
(a) Two
(b)Three
(d)Five
(e)Cannot be determined
(c)Four
17
...
How is G related with J?
(a) Daughter
(d)Wife
(b) B, A, H, G (c) H, C, B, A
(d) D, E, G, A (e)None of these
20
...
Eight members of a family A, B, C, D, E, F G and H
are going together to watch IPL final match
...
D is the
husband of H
...
C is the only son of (d) G is
the grand-daughter of (b) H has one chil(d)
(a)Brother
(b)Sister
(d)Cousin Sister
(c)Cousin
(e)Can't be determined
Direction (21-23): Study the following
information carefully to answer the given
questions:
M, N, O, P, Q, R and S are family members and
there are two married couples in two
generations of people who live in the same
house) M is father of spouse of O
...
P and S are sisters of each
other
...
O is a feminine gender
...
If L is maternal uncle of S then how is L
related to Q?
(a)Grandmother
(d)Uncle
(b)Father
(c)Mother
(e)None of these
22
...
How is M related to P?
(a)Grandmonther
(b)Uncle
(c)Mother
(d)Father
(e)None of these
19
...
DIRECTIONS
INTRODUCTION
This part of reasoning comes under the category
of common-sense reasoning
...
Let us understand it through pictorial
representation:
CONCEPT OF DIRECTION
In our day-to-day life, we make our concept of
direction after seeing the position of sun
...
Thus, when we stand facing
sunrise, then our front is called East while our
back is called West
...
Let us see the following direction
map that will make your concept clearer
...
Raman walked 2 km West from his
office and then turned South covering 4 km
...
How far is Raman from his
initial position
...
Raman starts from his office A, moves 2 km
West upto B, then 4 km to the South upto C, 3 km
East upto D and finally 1 km West upto E, Thus his
distance from the initial position AE = BC = 4 km
...
•
CONCEPT OF TURN: Right turn = Clockwise turn
Left turn = Anticlockwise turn
•
Angle between two consecutive main
directions is always 90°
...
Angle between a main direction and a sub
direction is always 90°
...
If our face is towards South, then after left
turn our face will be towards East and after
right turn it will be towards West
...
38
•
•
•
•
•
If our face is towards West, then after left
turn our face will be towards South and after
right turn it will be towards North
...
If our face is towards South-West, then after
left turn our face will be towards South-East
and after right turn it will be towards NorthWest
...
If our face is towards North-East, then after
left turn our face will be towards North-West
and after right turn it will be towards SouthEast
CLASSROOM EXERCISE
1
...
After walking 3 km he turns to
the left and walks 5 km
...
Starting from the point X, Jayant walked 15 m
towards west
...
He then turned left and walked 15 m
...
How far
and in which directions is now Jayant from X?
(a) 32 m, South
(b) 47 m, East
(c) 42 m, North
(d) 27 m, South
3
...
If M is 40 m SouthEast of L, then M is in which direction of K?
(a) East
(b) West
(c) North-East
(d) South
4
...
After covering a distance of 8 km
...
What is the shortest distance now from his
house?
(a) 10 km
(b) 16 km
...
5
...
After walking 5 m he turned to the left and
walked 3 m
...
If A x B means A is to the south of B; A + B
means A is to the north of B; A % B means A is to
the east of B; A - B means A is to the west of B;
then in P % Q + R - S, S is in which direction with
respect to Q?
(a) South-West
(b) South-East
(c) North-East
(d) North-West
7
...
Then he turns to the right
and runs 9 m
...
After this he turns to left and runs 12 m and
finally, he turns to right and 6 m
...
From his house, Lokesh went 15 km to the
North
...
Then he turned south and covered 5 km
...
In which
direction is he from his house?
(a) East
(b) West
(c) North
(d) South
Directions (9- 10):
Dev, Kumar, Nilesh, Ankur and Pintu are
standing facing to the North in a playground
such as given below:
Kumar is at 40 m to the right of Ankur
...
Nilesh is at a distance of 25 m in the west of
Ankur
...
9
...
If a boy starting from Nilesh, met to Ankur
and then to Kumar and after this he to Dev and
then to Pintu and whole the time he walked in a
straight line, then how much total distance did
he cover?
(a) 215 m
(b) 155 m
(c) 245 m
(d) 185 m
11
...
P is just
39
to the right of A but in the same row
...
In which
direction of R is Q?
(a) South
(b) South-West
(c) North-East
(d) South-East
12
...
After some time, he turned
left, then turned right and towards the left
again
...
Pran and Khan start from their office and
walks in opposite direction, each traveling 10
km
...
While
Khan turns right and walks 10 km
...
K is 4m to the east of H
...
J is
7m west of I
...
14) What is the distance between I and E?
(a) 2√34m
(b) √106m
(c) √207m
(d) 65m
(e) None of these
15) H is in which direction with respect to L?
(a) South
(b) South-West
(c) North-East (d) North
(e) None of these
16) If P is 4m to the south of G, then find the
distance between L and P?
(a) 10m
(b) 19m
(c) 9m
(d) 11m
(e) None of these
Direction (17-19): Study the given information
carefully and answer the given questions below
it:
Ishita is 30km away from Ashita in the SouthEast direction
...
Parimal is 30km away
from Sukla in the North-West direction
...
Asit is 30m away from parimal in
North- East direction
...
One morning Udai and Vishal were talking to
each other face to face at a crossing
...
Rahul put his timepiece on the table in such
a way that at 6 P
...
hour hand points to North
...
15 P
...
?
(a) South-East
(b) South
(c) North
(d) West
22
...
After covering some distance, she
turned to right then again to the right and after
covering some distance she again turns to the
right
...
One morning after sunrise, Vimal started to
walk
...
Vimal
watch that the shadow of Stephen to the right
of him (Vimal)
...
One morning after sunrise, Suresh was
standing facing a pole) The shadow of the pole
fell exactly to his right
...
At sunrise, Rohit and Mohit are having a
conversation standing in front of each other
...
What direction is Mohit facing?
(a) North
(b) East
(c) West (d) South
40
STUDENT EXERCISE
1
...
Then he
turned right and walks 30 m
...
Then he turns left and walks 15
m
...
In which
direction and how many metres is he from the
starting position?
(a) 15 m West
(b) 30 m East
(c) 30 m West
(d) 45 m East
2
...
He found himself 1 km west of his
starting point
...
A man walks 2 km towards North
...
After this he
turns to North and walks 3 km
...
How far is he from
the starting point?
(a) 10 km
(b) 13 km
(c) 15 km
(d) None of these
4
...
After
walking a distance of 25 m
...
He then again turned to
the right and walked 15 m
...
In which
direction should he go?
(a) West
(b) South
(c) South-West
(d) South-East
5
...
After
this he turned left and cycled 10 km
...
Village Q is to the North of the village P
...
In which direction is
the village S with respect to village R?
(a) West
(b) South-West
(c) South
(d) North-West
7
...
He turns
left and walks 40 km
...
Finally, he moves 20 km after
turning to the left
...
(b) 30 km
...
(d) 60 km
...
8
...
According to M # N $ T, T is in which direction
with respect to M?
(a) North-West
(b) North-East
(c) South-West
(d) South-East
10
...
Y is in the East of X which is in the North of Z
...
Some boys are sitting in three rows all facing
North such that A is in the middle row
...
Q is just
behind of P while R is in the North of A
...
(d) V is 2 km west of W
...
f) U is 4 km north of V
...
41
h) T is parked in the middle of W and S
...
What is the distance between W and S?
(a) 6 km
...
(c) 3 km
...
(e) 5 km
...
What is the direction of Q with respect to
W?
(a) East
(b) West
(c) South
(d) North
(e) Cannot be determined
15
...
Which car is parked between V and T?
(a) S
(b) Q
(c) W
(d) T
(e) U
17
...
Jha turns in certain
ways, which of the following turns will not lead
him to the same side?
(a) left, left, right, left, left, right
(b) left, left, left, right, right, right
(c) left, right, left, right, left, right
(d) right, left, right, left, right, left
(e) None of these
Direction (18-20): Study the given information
carefully and answer the given question below it:
Point A is 16m to the north of point C Point D is
4m to the west of point A Point E is 24m to the
north of point D point G is 10m to the east of
point E
18) In which direction is point E with respect to
point C?
(a) North-East
(b) South-East
(c) North-West
(d) South-West
(e) None of these
19) In which direction and at what distance is
point D with respect to point G?
(a) 26m, South-East (b) 25m, South-West
(c) 26m, South-West (d) 27m, North-East
(e) None of these
20) If H is 12m to the south of point E, then find
the distance between H and A?
(a) 2√10m
(b) 4√10m
(c) 6√5m
(d) 4√5m
(e) None of these
21
...
Again, she turns to her right and walks 5m
...
So, what is the distance between her
current position and her initial position?
(a) 10 √3m
(b) 15√2m
(c) 10√2m
(d) 20√3m
e) none of these
22
...
What will West
become?
(a) North-East
(b) North-West
(c) South-East
(d) South-West
23
...
One morning after sunrise Nivedita and
Niharika were talking to each other face to face
at Dalphin crossing
...
One morning after sunrise, Vikram and
Shailaish were standing in a town with their
backs towards each other
...
MATHEMATICAL OPERATIONS
INTRODUCTION
In this type of problem, usually mathematical
symbol are converted into another form by either
interchanging the symbol or using different
symbol in place of usual symbol and then
calculate the equation according to the given
condition
...
It is required to put in the real signs in
the given equation and then solve the question
...
If ‘+’ stands for division, ‘×’ stands
for addition, ‘–’ stands for multiplication, and ‘¸’
stands for subtraction, then which of the
following equation is correct?
(a) 36 × 6 + 7 ¸ 2 – 6 = 20
(b) 36 + 6 – 3 × 5 ¸ 3 = 24
(c) 36 ¸ 6 + 3 × 5 – 3 = 45
(d) 36 – 6 + 3 × 5 ¸ 3 = 74
Sol
...
EXAMPLE 2
...
Which of the following is
correct?
(a) 82 – 35 + 55 = 2
(b) 82 – 35 + 55 = 102
(c) 85 – 38 + 85 = 132
(d) 52 – 35 + 55 = 72
Sol
...
EXAMPLE 3
...
9 * 4 * 22 * 14
(a) × = –
(b) × – =
(c) = – ×
(d) – × =
Sol
...
If P denotes ‘multiplied’ by’, T denotes
‘subtracted’ from’, M denotes ‘add to’ and B
denotes ‘divided by’, then 28 B 7 P 8 T 6 M 4 =?
(a)-3/2
(b)30
(c)32
(d)34
2
...
If P denotes ÷; Q denotes ×, R denotes + and S
denotes –, then what is the value of 18 Q 12 P 4
R5S6?
(a)53
(b)59
(c)63
(d)65
4
...
If ‘+’ means ‘÷’, ‘–‘ means ‘×’, ‘×’ means ‘+‘, ‘÷’
means ‘– ‘, given the value of 45 + 9 – 3 × 15 ÷ 2
...
If P denotes ‘+’, Q denotes ‘–‘, R denotes ‘×’
and S denotes ‘÷’, then which of the following
statement is correct ?
(a)16 R 12 P 49 S 7 Q 9 = 200
(b)32 S 8 R 9 = 160 Q 12 R 12
(c)8 R 8 P 8 S 8 Q 8 = 57
(d)36 R 4 S 8 Q 7 P 4 = 10
7
...
If – means x, x means +, + means 4, and +
means then 40x 12 + 3- 6 + 60 = ?
(a)7
...
It being given that: > denotes +, < denotes -, +
denotes ÷, - denotes =, = denotes 'less than' and
x denotes 'greater than', find which of the
following is a correct statement
...
If A means ‘plus’, B means ‘minus’, C means
‘divided by’ and D means ‘multiplied by’, then
18 A 12 C 6 D 2 B 5 = ?
(a)15
(b)25
(c)27 (d)none of these
11
...
If '+' means subtraction, '÷' means addition,
'<' means multiplication and '>' means division,
then find the value of the given statement, The
value of 9 ÷ 7 < 8> (4>2) + 5 will be
(a)32
(b)18
(c)16
(d)11
13
...
What is the answer to the
following question? 25 + 10 ÷ 240 x 16 = ?
(a)85
(b)235
(c)12
(d)20
14
...
What is the answer to the
following question? 24 x 6 - 8 + 2 = ?
(a)25
(b)50
(c)40
(d)20
15
...
What is the answer to the
following question? 642 x 6 ÷ 25 + 4 = ?
(a)11
(b)64
(c)18
(d)7
16
...
In the following question, correct the given
equation by interchanging two numbers
...
If "+" denotes "divided by", "x" denotes
"added to", "÷" denotes "subtracted from" and
"–" denotes "multiplied by", then 54 + 162 – 18
x 12 ÷ 6 = ?
(a) 4
(b) 16
(c)12
(d) 10
19
...
What is the answer to the
following question? 72 x 9 - 14 + 2 = ?
(a) 26
(b) 80
(c) 30
(d) 36
20
...
If 18 (9) 3 and 36 (30) 5, then what is the
value of A in 19 (a) 18?
(a) 33
(b) 57
(c) 75
(d) 96
22
...
If 25 + 5 ÷ 2 = 40 , and 35 + 5 ÷ 2 = 60 , then
45 + 5 ÷ 2 = ?
(a) 90
(b) 70
(c) 60
(d) 80
24
...
In this question, some equations are solved
on the basis of a certain system
...
15 x 26 = 6512 29 x 36 = 6923, 46 x 54 = ?
(a) 5464
(b) 4645
(c) 4564
(d) 4465
STUDENT EXERCISE
1
...
If L stands for +, M stands for –, N stands for ×,
P stands for ÷, then 14 N 10 L 42 P 2 M 8 = ?
(a)153
(b)216
(c)248
(d)251
3
...
If ‘–‘ stands for ‘÷’, ‘+’ stands for ‘×’, ‘÷’ stand
for ‘–‘ and ‘×’ stands for ‘+’, which one of the
following question is correct?
(a)30 – 6 + 5 × 4 ÷ 2 = 27
...
(c)30 × 6 ÷ 5 – 4 + 2 = 32
...
If ‘+’ stands for ‘multiplication’, ‘<’ stands for
‘division’, ‘÷’ stands for ‘subtraction’, ‘–‘ stand
for ‘addition’ and ‘×’ stands for ‘greater’ than
...
If + stands for ‘division’, × stands for
‘addition’, – stands for ‘multiplication’ and ÷
stands for subtraction, then which of the
following equations is correct?
(a)36 × 6 + 7 ÷ 2 – 6 = 20
(b)36 + 6 – 3 × 5 ÷ 3 = 24
(c)36 ÷ 6 + 3 × 5 – 3 = 45
(d)36 -6 + 3 × 5 ÷ 3 = 74
7
...
5
(c)4 + 2 + 3 = 4
(d)2 + 4 + 6 = 8
8
...
If x stands for + stands for +, + stands for +
and – stands for x, which one of the following
equations is correct?
(a)15 – 5 + 6 x 20 + 10 = 6
(b)8 + 10 – 3 + 5 x 6 = 8
(c)6 x 2 + 3 + 12 – 3 = 15
(d)3 + 7 – 5 x 1 0 + 3 = 10
10
...
If "+" means "minus", "x" means "divided
by", "÷" means "plus" and "-" means "multiplied
by", then 38 x 2 – 6 + 19 ÷ 35 = ?
(a)130
(b)140
(c)135
(d)145
12
...
Find out the answer to the
following question
...
In a certain code language, '-' represents'+',
'+' represents 'x', 'x' represents '÷' and
'÷'represents '-'
...
2 - 12 + 10 x 5 ÷ 12 = ?
(a)32
(b)8
(c)4
(d)14
14
...
If "K" denotes "multiplied by", "M" denotes
"subtracted from", "J" denotes "added to" and
"L" denotes "divided by", then 44 M 24 K 56 L 14
J 60 = ?
(a)16
(b)72
(c)8
16
...
If (c) ⊃2; @ 1 * 7 = 98 and (d) ⊃2; @ 2 * 16 =
178, then e) ⊃2; @ 3 * 9 = ?
(a) 218
(b) 262
(c) 253
(d) 259
18
...
Find the correct equation
...
The following equation is incorrect
...
If 19 (36) 13 and 37 (81) 28, then what is the
value of 'A' in 43 (a) 38?
(a) 49
(b) 36
(c) 25
(d) 16
45
21
...
5
(d) 2+4/6 = 8
22
...
If "÷" denotes "multiplied by", "+" denotes
"subtracted from", "–" denotes "added to" and
"x" denotes "divided by", then which of the
following equation is true?
(a) 16 + 19 x 21 – 5 = 201 (b) 5 x 6 + 4 ÷ 3 = 37/6
(c) 6 x 3 + 12 ÷ 3 = 21
(d) 18 x 6 ÷ 8 – 12 = 36
24
...
Which
two signs should be interchanged to correct the
equation? 10 x 4 + 5 - 30 ÷ 6 = 31
(a) x and (b) ÷ and –
(c) + and ÷
(d) - and +
25
...
All other
rules in mathematical operation are the same as
in the existing system
...
INSERTING THE MISSING CHARACTER
Introduction:
Questions, which ask to insert the missing
number, come under this category
...
• A diagram or a set of diagrams
•
•
•
•
•
Or a matrix
•
The difference could be prime numbers or
difference could be square of prime
numbers
...
The difference could be in the form of ×N+N
or ×2+1,×2+2,×2+3…and so on
...
Numbers could be ×1,×2,×3…… and so on
...
g
...
These
characters can be numbers or letters or a
combination of number and letters that follow a
particular pattern
...
Most common patterns
Different types of patterns could be there, some
of the patterns are as following
• It could be sum of two numbers divided by a
constant
• It could be average of numbers
• It could be in the form of alphabets, where
alphabets are increased by constant or
increased by square of numbers or
increased by prime numbers
• It could be the difference of product of two
diametrically opposite numbers
...
• The difference of the numbers could be in
the pattern 13±1,23±1, and so on
...
• Numbers could be 12,22,32and so on or
13,23, 33… and so on
...
So
missing number is 185
...
So missing term is 14
...
47
Value of C is 3 and value of missing letter is (29-3)
is 26
...
Which one will replace the question mark ?
EXAMPLE: 4
(a) 45
Sol: The pattern is as follows
20+15-5=30; 8+10-6 = 12; so ? +8-10=2 so ?=4
(b)41
(c) 32
(d)40
5
...
Which one will replace the question mark ?
Sol: The pattern is: (17-7)2+(7-5)2=104,(3224)2+(17-11)2=100
...
1
...
Which one will replace the question mark ?
(a) 15
(b) 19
(c) 20
(d)18
2
...
Which one will replace the question mark ?
3
...
Which one will replace the question mark ?
48
14
...
Which one will replace the question mark ?
10
...
Which one will replace the question mark ?
11
...
Which one will replace the question mark ?
12
...
Which one will replace the question mark ?
(a) 9
(b) 30
(c) 20
(d)45
(c) 7
(d) 3
18
...
Which one will replace the question mark ?
(a) 6
(a) 12
(b) 13
(c) 11
(d)10
(b) 7
(c) 8
(d) 9
25
...
Which one will replace the question mark ?
(a) 6
(b) 7
(c) 8
(d) 9
STUDENT EXERCISE
(a) 4
(b) 6
(c) 9
(d) 8
1
...
Which one will replace the question mark ?
(a) 14
(b) 22
(c) 32
(d)320
22
...
Which one will replace the question mark ?
(a) 8
(b)9
(c) 10
(d)11
23
...
Which one will replace the question mark ?
(a) 47
(b) 45
(b) 37
(d)35
24
...
Which one will replace the question mark ?
50
(a) 0
(b) 2
(c)11
(d)12
10
...
Which one will replace the question mark ?
(a) 8
(b) 12
(c) 16
(d)20
11
...
Which one will replace the question mark ?
(a) 94
(b) 76
(c) 16
(d) 73
12
...
Which one will replace the question mark ?
(a) 18
(a) 262
(b) 622
(c) 631
(d) 824
(b) 24
(c) 36
(d)58
13
...
Which one will replace the question mark ?
(a) 11
(a) 184
(b) 210
(c) 241
(d) 425
(b) 14
(c) 10
(d) 12
14
...
Which one will replace the question mark ?
51
(a) 30
(b) 13
(c) 70
(d) 118
15
...
Which one will replace the question mark ?
(a) 60
(b) 50
(c) 25
(d)21
23
...
Which one will replace the question mark ?
(a) 8
(b) 4
21
...
Which one will replace the question mark ?
(a) 3
(a) 2
(d)16
(a) 1
18
...
Which one will replace the question mark ?
(a) 262
(b) 622
(c) 631
(d) 824
19
...
Which one will replace the question mark ?
(a) 20
(b) 26
(c) 25
20
...
LOGICAL VENN DIAGRAMS
INTRODUCTION
6 → Engineer who is farmer also
Venn diagrams are pictorial way of represent the
set of articles
...
7 → Person who is Engineer, doctor and farmer
(i) ANALYSIS BASED VENN DIAGRAM:
In this type, generally a Venn diagram comprising
of different geometrical figures is given
...
(ii) Identification of Relation Based Venn
Diagram
In this type, some standard representations for
groups of three items with different cases of
Venn diagrams are given
EXAMPLE: When one class of items is completely
included in the another class of item then it is
represented by the given diagram
EXAMPLE:
I – Mango
II – Fruit
1 – represents student passed in English only
2 – represents student passed in Reasoning only
3 – represents student passed in both English
Reasoning both
EXAMPLE:
1 → Engineer
2 → Doctor
Here, all mango are fruit
CLASSROOM EXERCISE
1
...
Which of the following diagrams indicates the
best relation between Women, Mothers and
Engineers ?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
3 → Farmer
4 → Doctor who is farmer also
5 → Engineer who is doctor also
53
3
...
Which of the following diagrams indicates the
best relation between Mercury, Zinc and Metal ?
(c)
(d)
4
...
Which of the following diagrams indicates the
best relation between Earth, Sea and Sun ?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
6
...
Which of the following diagrams indicates the
best relation between Bulb, Lamp and Light ?
(a)
(c)
(b)
(d)
8
...
Which of the following diagrams indicates the
best relation between Boys, Girls and Students ?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
11
...
Which of the following diagrams indicates the
best relation between Vegetables, Tomato and
Fruits ?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
13
...
Study the diagram and identify the people
who can speak only one language
...
Which of the following diagrams indicates the
best relation between Page, Chapter and Book ?
(a)
(b)
(a) L+M+O
(c)
(d)
15
...
Which of the following diagrams indicates the
best relation between Profit, Dividend and Bonus
?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(b)
(c)
(d)
16
...
Which of the following diagrams indicates the
best relation between Factory, Product and
Machinery ?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Directions to Solve (21-25):
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 10
(d) 6
17
...
In the following figure small square represents
the persons who know English, triangle to those
who know Marathi, big square to those who
know Telugu and circle to those who know Hindi
...
Study the diagram and identify the students who
play all the three games
...
How many persons can speak English and
Hindi both the languages only ?
55
(a) 5
(b) 7
(c) 7
(d)18
22
...
How many persons can speak only English ?
(c)
(d)
4
...
How many persons can speak English, Hindi
and Telugu ?
(c)
(d)
(a) 8
5
...
How many persons can speak all the
languages ?
(a) 1
(b) 8
(c) 2
(d)None
STUDENT EXERCISE
1
...
Which of the following diagrams indicates the
best relation between Hospital, Nurse and
Patient ?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(b)
(d)
2
...
Which of the following diagrams indicates the
best relation between Teacher, Writer and
Musician ?
(a)
(b)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(c)
(d)
3
...
Which of the following diagrams indicates the
best relation between Tall man, Black haired
people and Indians ?
(a)
(a)
(b)
(b)
56
(c)
(d)
9
...
Which of the following diagrams indicates the
best relation between Class, Blackboard and
School ?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(c)
(d)
14
...
Which
part of the diagram represents the girls who are
player but not coach?
(a) P
(b) Q
(c) R
(d) S
15
...
By which letter the ladies
who doctor and surgeon both are represented?
11
...
Which of the following diagrams indicates the
best relation between Parents, Mother and
Father ?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
13
...
In the given figure if Triangle represents
healthy people, Square represents old persons
and Circle represents men then What is the
number of those men who are healthy but not
old ?
(a) 3
(b) 4
(c) 6
(d) 2
Directions to solve (17-21)
Study the diagram given below and answer each
of the following questions
...
How many persons who take tea and wine
but not coffee ?
(a) 20
(b) 17
(c) 25
(d)15
18
...
How many persons take wine ?
(a) 100
(b) 82
(c) 92
(d)112
20
...
How many persons takes all the three ?
(a) 20
(b) 17
(c 25
(d)20
22
...
How many doctors are both players and
artists ?
(a) 22
(b) 8
(c) 3
(d)30
24
...
How many players are neither artists nor
doctors ?
(a) 25
(b) 17
(c) 5
(d)10
Directions to Solve (22-25)
Study the following figure and answer the
questions given below
58
14
...
They are not very
tough stuff but take a good deal of time to be
solved or sometimes students do not take
attempt to solve them because of time
consuming impression of such type of questions
...
Step 2 : Blue Other Have Cat Good Cake
CONCEPT OF INPUT-OUTPUT PROBLEMS
In such problems:
(a) It is imagined that there is some kind of
computer/word processing machine
...
Step 3 : Cake Other Have Cat Good Blue
Step 4 : Cake Cat Have Other Good Blue
Step 5 : Cake Cat Good Other Have Blue
Step 6 : Blue Cat Good Other Have Cake
Shifting of element can easily be understood by
making them equivalent to number like
Blue = 1, Cat = 2, Good = 3, Other = 4,
Have = 5, Cake = 6
Input can be written as
1
2
3
4
5
Blue
Cat
Good Other Have
6
Cake
Step-1 : 2 and 4 interchanged
Step-2 : 3 and 5 interchanged
Step-3 : 1 and 6 interchanged
TYPES OF PROBLEMS
Step-4 : 1, 2 and 3 are repeated again
...
Word Arrangement from Left Side:
(iii) Problems of mathematical operation
EXAMPLE :
(iv) Miscellaneous
Input : mango tango orange banana pear
PROBLEM OF SHIFTING
Step I: banana mango tango orange pear
We know that in such type of problems, a
word/number processing machine generate
output through shifting
...
Step II: banana mango orange tango pear
Methods to Solve
Let’s take an example
Input: Blue Cat Good Other Have Cake
Step III: banana mango orange pear tango
Here, we start arrangement from the word that
comes 1st in the dictionary; then comes the word
coming 2nd in the dictionary, then comes the
word coming 3rd in the dictionary and so on
...
This is the reason in step I banana comes 1st as it
comes 1st in the dictionary
...
This is the reason after arranging banana in step I,
we directly come to the word orange (coming 3rd
in the dictionary) in step II
...
2
...
The word coming 1st in the dictionary comes
at the 1st position from right
...
In the above given
example, ‘Fame’ is the 1st word coming in the
dictionary and hence it comes at the 1st position
from right in the step I
...
Point to be noted that the
word coming third in the dictionary will come at
the 3rd position from right and this word is ‘Jam’
...
This is the reason why we don’t arrange
‘Jam’ in the third step and jump directly to
arrange the word
...
‘Name’ occupies 4th position from
right and the word ‘Shame’ automatically get
arranged in the 3rd step
...
3
...
In the
other words, are positioned from the left and
from the right alternately
...
In the step II, the last word
coming alphabetically is Sachin and it takes last
position (1st from right)
...
In step IV, the word coming
3rd last in the dictionary takes the 3rd position
from right
...
Point to be noted
that after step IV, there is no need to arrange the
word ‘great’ as it get arranged automatically is
step IV
...
Arrangement in Increasing or Decreasing
Order:
EXAMPLE :
Input: 25 17 18 58 100 35
Step I: 17 25 18 58 100 35
Step II: 17 18 25 58 100 35
Step III: 17 18 25 35 58 100
This arrangement gives a clear idea of
arrangement of numbers in increasing order
...
In step II, the 2nd smallest number (18)
comes at 2nd position from left pushing the
remaining number to the right
...
Now, let us see decreasing order arrangement:
Input: 25
17
18
58
100
35
Step I: 100
25
17
18
58
35
60
Step II: 100
58
25
17
18
35
Step III: 100
58
35
25
17
18
Step IV: 100
58
35
25
18
17
The same arrangement can take place from right
side (or in the reverse order) as follow:
Input: 25
17
18
58
100
35
Step I: 25
18
58
100
35
17
Step II: 25
58
100
35
18
17
Step III: 58
100
35
25
18
17
Step IV: 100
58
35
25
18
17
5
...
The
process of this arrangement is exactly the same
as the arrangement takes place in case of words
...
But the difference here is that case I is a leftright arrangement and case II is the right-left
arrangement
...
In step II, the
smallest number (10) comes at the 1st position
from left
...
In step III,
the third largest number (35) automatically
comes at the 3rd position from right
...
6
...
Case I
Input: 50 32 Vandana Prerna Aradhna 100
Case I :
Input: 100
125
26
10
15
35
Step I: 10
100
125
26
15
35
Step II: 10
100
26
15
35
125
Step III: 10
15
100
26
35
125
Step IV: 10
15
26
35
100
125
Here, the smallest number (10) takes 1st position
from left in step I
...
Again in
step III the 2nd smallest number (15) comes at the
2nd position from left
...
Case II :
Input: 100
125
26
10
15
35
Step I: 100
26
10
15
35
125
Step II: 10
100
26
15
35
125
Step III:10
26
15
35
100
125
Step IV:10
15
26
35
100
125
Step I: 32 50 Vandana Prerna Aradhna 100
Step II: 32 Aradhna 50 Vandana Prerna 100
Step III: 32 Aradhna 50 Prerna Vandana 100
Step IV: 32 Aradhna 50 Prerna 100 Vandana
In such case, numbers and words get arranged
alternately
...
In the
step II, the word coming 1st alphabetically (that is
the word ‘Aradhna’) takes the 2nd position from
left pushing the remaining member rightward
...
In step III, the word
(Prerna) coming 2nd alphabetically comes at the
4th position from left pushing the other members
to the right
...
61
Let us see some other cases of this type:
Case II:
Input: 50 32 Vandana Prerna Aradhna 100
Step I: 100 50 32 Vandana Prerna Aradhna
Step II: 100 Vandana 50 32 Prerna Aradhna
Step III: 100 Vandana 50 Prerna 32 Aradhan
In this case, largest number and the word coming
last alphabetically get arranged alternately
...
In this
case, arrangement completes in step III
...
In step
VI, the word coming 1st alphabetically comes at
the 5th position from left and such word is
‘Aradhna’
...
Thus, it is clear that in this case the
word coming 1st alphabetically and the greatest
number get arranged alternately in 1st two steps;
then 2nd last word alphabetically and 2nd largest
number get arranged alternately finishing the
whole arrangement in step IV
...
In step II, the smallest number (32)
comes at the 2nd position from left
...
In this case, the smallest number comes at the 1st
position from left in step I and such number is 32
...
In
the 2nd step, the 2nd smallest number (50) takes
the 3rd position from left automatically and also
the word coming 2nd last alphabetically takes the
4th position from left automatically
...
In the III
step, the largest number (100) occupies the 5th
position from left completing the whole
arrangement
...
In step II the word coming 1st alphabetically takes
the 2nd position from left and the 2nd largest
number (50) gets arranged automatically
...
In step II, the largest number (100)
comes at the 2nd position from left
...
As the 2nd largest number (50) automatically get
62
members (32 and ‘Vandana’) get arranged
automatically finishing the whole arrangement
...
7
...
In other words, the word
having least number of letters comes 1st from
left in step I and such word is ‘be’
...
In 2nd step, the
word ‘love’ comes at the 3rd position from left as
it is bigger than word ‘let’ letter wise
...
Similarly,
mature comes at the 5th position from left and
pattern comes at the last position automatically
while arranging the word ‘mature’
...
In other words, the
word having the largest number of letters comes
1st from left, then comes the word having 2nd
largest number of letters, then comes the word
having 3rd largest number of letters and the
process goes on till the word having the least
Input: let pattern gate a set be hope
Step I: a let pattern gate set be hope
Step II: a be let pattern gate set hope
Step III: a be let set pattern gate hope
Step IV: a be let set gate pattern hope
Step V: a be let set gate hope pattern
Have you noticed something here? Here, the
words get arranged in increasing order of litters
...
It does mean that the
word coming 1st as per the alphabet will be put
before the word coming 2nd
...
This is the reason why ‘let’
has been put before ‘set’ and ‘gate’ has been put
before ‘hope’
...
But when it comes to the case of
two or more words having equal number of
letters the priority is given to the word that
comes later alphabetically
...
This is the
reason why ‘hope’ has been put before ‘gate’ and
‘set’ has been put before ‘let’
...
Arrangement with Interchange:
(b) 167, 117, 43, 340, 429, 69, 172, 283
EXAMPLE
(c) 43, 117, 167, 340, 429, 172, 69, 283
Input: the most beautiful girl is Vandana
(d) Cannot be determined
Step I: beautiful most the girl is Vandana
(e) None of these
Step II: beautiful girl the most is Vandana
3
...
What will be step VII
for the input?
Step III: beautiful girl is most the Vandana
In this case, the word (beautiful) coming 1st in
alphabetical order comes at the 1st position from
left interchanging its place with the word ‘the’
and this is step I
...
In
step III, the word coming 3rd (is) comes at the
third position from left interchanging with the
word ‘the’ and finishing the complete
arrangement in alphabetical order
...
1
...
The third step of a given input is 429, 340,
283, 167, 43, 69, 172, 117
...
In how many steps would the following input
be fully arranged?
Input: 689, 722, 382, 184, 87, 67, 542, 326, 192
(a) V
(b) VI
(c) VII
(d) VIII
(e) None of these
5
...
What will be step
V for the input?
(a) 907, 817, 573, 406, 371, 312, 68, 42, 22
(b) 907, 817, 573, 406, 371, 68, 312, 42, 22
(c) 907, 817, 573, 406, 371, 42, 312, 68, 22
(d) Cannot be determined
(e) None of these
Directions (6-10): A number arrangement
machine, when given a particular input,
rearranges it following a particular rule) The
following is the illustration of the input and the
steps of arrangement:
Input: 117, 84, 307, 36, 211, 59, 96, 186
Step I: 117, 84, 36, 211, 59, 96, 186, 307
Step II: 36, 117, 84, 211, 59, 96, 186, 307
Step III: 36, 117, 84, 59, 96, 186, 211, 307
Step IV: 36, 59, 117, 84, 96, 186, 211, 307
Step V: 36, 59, 84, 96, 117, 186, 211, 307
(a) 43, 117, 167, 340, 429, 69, 172, 283
64
(This is the final arrangement and Step V is the
last step for this input
...
How many steps will be required for getting the
final output for the following input?
Input: 27, 112, 33, 105, 98, 12, 85
(a) 4
(b) 5
(c) 6
(d) 7
(e) None of these
7
...
Which of the following will be the fourth step for
the following input?
Input: 87, 102, 117, 31, 85, 158, 47, 162
(a) 31, 47, 85, 87, 102, 117, 158, 162
(a) 47, 71, 68, 82, 110, 119, 247, 321
(b) 47, 68, 71, 82, 119, 110, 247, 321
(c) 47, 68, 71, 82, 110, 247, 119, 321
(d) Can’t be determined
(e) None of these
Directions (11-15): Study the following
information to answer the given questions
...
The following is an
illustration of the input and the steps of
rearrangement
...
)
(c) 31, 87, 102, 85, 47, 117, 158, 162
As per the rules followed in the above steps, find
out the appropriate answers to the questions
given below
...
What would be the last step for the following
(b) 31, 47, 87, 85, 102, 117, 158, 162
(e) None of these
9
...
What would be the penultimate step for the
following input?
(e) None of these
10
...
The second step of a given input is “inside yours
do you have it”
...
Which of the following is the last step for the
following input?
Input: 17 minus 8 is not always 9
...
(b) is 8 not 17 minus 9 always
...
(d) is 8 not 9 minus 17 always
...
How many steps will be required to get the final
output from the following input?
(e) Can’t be determined
Input: Salgaonkar defeats Mohun 3 by 8 in 10
...
The third step of a given input is “pressurise
directors usually boards of a film”
...
In how many steps can the following input be
fully arranged?
Input: Mahatma Gandhi believed in simple living
and thinking
(a) Five
(b) Six
(c) Four
(d) Seven
(e) None of these
Directions (16-22): A machine, when given a
particular input, rearranges it following a
particular rule) The following is the illustration of
the input and the steps of arrangement:
Input: Is 9 and 2 equal to 11
...
Step II: Is 2 to 9 equal and 11
...
Step IV: Is 2 to 9 and 11 equal
...
Study the logic
and answer the questions that follow:
(c) IV
18
...
4 and 1
...
4 and 1
...
Which of the following will be the Step II for the
input given below?
Input: 3 hat tricks 140 wicket 1223 run
(a) hat 3 run 140 wicket 1223 tricks
(b) hat 3 tricks 140 wicket 1223 run
(c) 3 hat 140 tricks wicket 1223 run
(d) 3 hat 140 tricks 1223 wicket run
(e) None of these
20
...
If Step II of an input is ‘Ash 94 Dia 97 99 Yukta
miss world’ what will be the step V of the same
input?
(d) III
(e) None of these
(a) Machine will stop after Step III
...
(d) Ash 94 Dia 97 miss 99 world Yukta
(e) None of these
22
...
However, one of
these is not the correct arrangement for any of
the first five steps
...
Input: Dial 24 10 57 4 to contact us
(a) to 4 10 57 24 Dial contact us
...
(c) to 24 10 57 4 Dial contact us
...
(e) to 4 us 24 10 24 Dial contact
...
(c) IV
24
...
What is step IV for the given input?
(a) at 23 by 11 68 is we nice
(b) at 23 by 11 is we nice 68
(c) at 11 by 23 we is nice 68
(d) at 11 by 23 is we nice 68
(e) None of these
25
...
Input: will he 1234 is it 42 68 then
...
If step II of a given input is ‘is are when 161
16 1674 did does’ then which of the following is
step V of the given input?
(a) is are did 16 161 1674 does when
(b) is are did 16 161 1674 when does
(c) is are did 161 16 1674 when does
(d) Data inadequate
(e) None of these
23
...
Which of the given steps will be the last step for
the given input?
67
STUDENT EXERCISE
(e) None of these
Directions (1-7): Study the following information
to answer the given questions
...
How many steps will be required to get the
final output from the following input?
A number arrangement machine when given an
input of numbers, rearranges them following a
particular rule in each step
...
Input: 20, 105, 17, 37, 76, 121, 123, 41
Input: 46 185 310 436 96 217 39
5
...
1
...
Which of the following is the last step for the
following input?
(a) 5
(b) 6
(c) 7
(d) 8
(e) None of these
Step II: 317, 9, 217, 20, 226, 16, 115
(a) 317, 9, 226, 20, 217, 16, 115
(b) 317, 9, 226, 16, 217, 20, 115
(c) 317, 9, 217, 20, 226, 16, 115
(d) 317, 9, 226, 16, 115, 20, 217
(e) None of these
6
...
What will be the second step for the following
input?
(b) 432, 28, 309, 47, 52, 127, 116, 87
(c) 432, 28, 309, 47, 127, 52, 116, 87
(d) 432, 28, 309, 47, 127, 116, 52, 87
(e) None of these
3
...
What will
be the first step for the input?
Input: 727, 17, 548, 19, 348, 27, 402, 43
...
If Step I of an input is ‘Play and jump until
you tired fully’, what would be step VI of the
input?
Step IV: into pull and then the cover push
and so on
...
(b) tired fully jump until play and you
(c) tired fully play until jump and you
8
...
If Step VI of an input is ‘deep gutter ball into
the has fallen’, which of the following would
definitely be the input?
(a) has the ball fallen into deep gutter
(b) ball has fallen into the deep gutter
(c) deep gutter has fallen into the ball
(d) gutter has deep ball fallen into the
(e) None of these
10
...
Input: Standing hard always is impossible for
all Which of the following will be 8th step for
this input?
(a) hard all standing is impossible for always
Directions (13-17): A word arrangement
machine, when given a particular input,
rearranges it following a particular rule) The
following is the illustration of the input and the
steps of arrangement:
Input: cooler and wind helps in summer
...
Step II: wind summer cooler and helps in
...
Step IV: wind summer in helps cooler and)
Since the words are already arranged, the
machine stops after this step
...
Which of the following will be the Step II for
the input given below?
Input: in the bag five packets were kept
...
(b) packets were in the bag five kept
...
Input: it should not be happened that day
...
(a) Step III
(b) Step IV
(c) Step V
(d) Step VI
(e) None of these
15
...
The following is an illustration of input
and rearrangement:
Input: exam 81 56 over down up 16 64
Step II: Zoo Yalk I have never seen till date)
Step I: down exam 81 56 over up 16 64
(a) Zoo Yalk till seen I have never date)
Step II: down 81 exam 56 over up 16 64
(b) Zoo Yalk till never seen I have date)
Step III: down 81 exam 64 56 over up 16
(c) Zoo Yalk till seen never I have date)
Step IV: down 81 exam 64 over 56 up 16
(d) Can’t be determined
Step IV is the last step of the rearrangement of
the above input
...
Which of the following is the last step for the
following input?
Input: life has become bore without you true)
(a) you without true life has bore become)
(b) you without life true has bore become)
(c) you without true life has become bore)
(d) without you true life has become bore)
(e) None of these
19
...
If following is the fourth step for an input,
what will be the input?
Step IV: umb sut rain para chu am go by
...
(b) rain sut umb para chu am go by
...
(e) None of these
18
...
Input: 32 now 20 gift 53 box 62 at
Which of the following will be step IV?
(a) at 62 box 53 32 now 20 gift
(b) at 62 box 53 gift 32 now 20
(c) at 62 box 53 gift 20 now 32
(d) at 62 53 box 32 now 20 gift
Input: he is bathing in shower with dove soap
...
Input: pay by 18 36 nose ear 72 54
(d) 7
(e) None of these
(c) 6
Which of the following steps will be the last
step?
(a) Can’t say
(b) Five
(c) Seven
70
(d) Six
(e) None of these
(b) wax sun jug 99 top 15 31 47
22
...
Step IV of an input is: Come 95 forward 40
sky 17 over 23
...
Step II of an input is:
jug 99 wax sun top 15 31 47
Which of the following is definitely the input?
(a) wax sun top 15 31 47 jug 99
(e) None of these
(a) come 95 forward sky 17 over 23 40
(b) come 95 forward 17 sky over 23 40
(c) come 95 forward sky 40 17 over 23
(d) Cannot be determined
(e) None of these
71
15
...
Age based puzzles
Puzzles based on categorization
...
(Based on
height, color, marks, age etc)
Puzzles based on Blood Relation
...
Here is the example of week-based puzzle:
Question: A group of seven persons –J, K, L, M, N,
O and P like different fruits i
...
kiwi, mango,
apple, guava, watermelon, orange and
strawberry
...
No two
persons has class on same day of the week
...
Only one person attends
class between the one who likes guava and the
one who likes watermelon
...
More
than one person attends the class between the
one who likes orange and the one who likes
strawberry
...
M likes kiwi
...
Only one person attends class
between J and L
...
K attends class on Tuesday
...
Solution:
Q1
...
Who likes Watermelon?
(a) K
(b) L
(c) M
(d) P
(e) None of these
Answer: (d)
Q3
...
Who attends class on Saturday?
(a) K
(b) O
(c) P
(d) L
(e) None of these
Answer: (b)
Q5
...
Puzzles based on colors:
Question: Seven persons i
...
A, B, C, D, E, F and G
who all like different colors i
...
Green, Red, Blue,
Yellow, Black, Pink and White but not necessarily
in the same order
...
Neither A
nor E likes Pink colour
...
Neither A, B nor E likes Green
Colour
...
Neither C nor F likes Green colour
...
A does not like white and
Red colour
...
A like which of the following colour?
(a) Pink
(b) Red
(c) Blue
(d) White
(e) None of these
72
Answer: (c)
(d) CG
Q2
...
Who among the following likes Pink colour?
(a) E
(b) F
(c) D
(d) G
(e) None of these
Answer: (b)
Q4
...
G is kept
just above A
...
F box placed
top of the stack
...
(e) AE
Directions: (6-10) Answer the questions based on
the information given below
...
G lives on 4th floor
...
F lives just above D
...
E doesn’t live
adjacent to F
...
A doesn’t live on the topmost
floor
...
11) Who lives immediately above A?
(a) F
(b) D
(c) C
(d) G
(e) None of these
12) How many persons live above H?
(a) Two
(b) Four
(c) One
(d) Five
(e) None of these
1) Which box kept immediately below A?
13) Sum of the floor numbers of C and F is ____
...
3) Find odd one out
...
Q gets a
North facing flat and is not next to S
...
R next to U, gets a south
facing flat and T gets North facing flat
...
If the flats of P and T are interchanged, then
whose flat will be next to that of U?
73
(a) P
(b) Q
(c) R
(d) T
17
...
The flats of which of the other pair than SU,
is diagonally opposite to each other?
(a) QP
(b) QR
(c) PT
(d)TS
19
...
Amongst five friends P, Q, R, S and T, each scored
different marks in an examination out of a total
of 100 marks
...
R
scored less than P
...
The one who scored second highest
marks scored 87 marks
...
Who scored the third least marks in the
examination?
(a) P
(b) Q
Directions (20 - 22):
(d) S
(e) T
Each of the following questions is based on the
following information:
24
...
(a) Only one person scored more than P
...
Banana is at one end of a line
and is just next in the right of guava or either
banana tree is just after guava tree
...
20
...
(b) Apple tree is just next to lemon tree
...
(d) Pomegranate tree is diagonally opposite to
banana tree
...
Which tree is just opposite to raspberry
tree?
(a) Papaya
(b) Pomegranate
(c) Papaya or Pomegranate
(d) Data is inadequate
22
...
(c) R scored more than Q and S
...
(e) None is true
25
...
Five friends P, Q, R, S & T have different heights
...
P is taller
than only S
...
P is
taller than S but shorter than Q
...
Who is the tallest person of all?
(a) R or T
(b) T
(c) R
(d) Q
(e) None of these
27
...
Eight people – P, Q, R, S, W, X, Y and Z – live on
eight different floors of a building but not
necessarily in the same order
...
P lives on an even-numbered floor above the
floor numbered three
...
Only three people live between Y and R
...
There are as
many people between W and P as are there
between W and Q
...
S lives immediately above Z
...
Who amongst the following lives exactly
between Y and W?
(a) Only P
(b) Only X
(d) Both P and X
(c) No one
(d) Both X and Q
29
...
As per the given arrangement, four of the
following five are alike in a certain way and on
form a group
...
One of the dresses is brown color
...
Two
boxes kept between blue dress and pink dress
...
Two boxes
were kept between the white dress box and black
dress box
...
1) How many boxes were kept below the pink
dress box?
(a) 5
(b) 6
(d) 2
(e) 3
(c) 7
2) Which dress box was kept at 5th position
from bottom?
(a) Pink
(b) Red
(c) White
(d) Yellow
(e) None of these
...
Find odd one out
...
On which of the following floor numbers
does R live?
(a) Seven
STUDENT TASK
(c) Three
32
...
e
...
0, Jio, Oppo, and
75
Samsung S8 and all mobiles were launched in
different years i
...
1999, 2001, 2004, 2005, 2007,
2010 and 2014 but not necessarily in the same
order
...
OnePlus mobile
was launched just after the launch of Jio mobile
...
Oppo and Samsung S8 mobile were
launched in the difference of two years where
the former one was launched earlier than the
latter one
...
0 mobile was launched after
the launch of OnePlus mobile
...
0 mobile but after the launch of Realme 5
...
0
(a) One
(b) More than Four
(c) Four
(d) Two
(e) Three
Directions- (11-15) Study the following
information to answer the given questions:Twelve people are sitting in two parallel rows
containing six people each, in such a way that
there is an equal distance between adjacent
persons
...
In row-2 A, B, C,
D, E and F are seated and all of them are facing
North
...
O sits third to
right of M
...
The one who faces M sits second to
right of E
...
Neither B nor F sits at an extreme end of the line
...
N and P are immediate
neighbors of each other
...
P does not face the immediate neighbor of
D
11
...
How many persons are seated between Q
and N?
(d) Both A and C
(a) One
(b) Two
(d) Four
(e) None
(e) All of the Above
8) Which of the following combination is not
true?
(a) 2001-Samsung S8 (b) 2004-Samsung M30
(c) 2010-OnePlus
(d) 1999-Oppo
(e) 2014-Nokia 2
...
L is related to A in the same way as O is
related to B based on the given arrangement
...
Which of the following is true regarding P ?
(a) F faces P
(b) Q is an immediate neighbor of P
(c) F faces the one who is second to right of P
76
(d) P sits at one of the extreme ends of the line
(e) M sits second to the right of P
29
...
Which is the one that does
not belong to that group?
(a) A-P
(b) B-P
(d) C-Q
(e) E–M
(c) F-L
Directions(30-32) : Read the information given
below and answer the questions that follow
...
Sushma and Vimla are friends
...
30
...
With whom is Sushma friendly?
(a) Raj
(b) Prem
(c) Ved
(d) Ashok
32
...
Who does not like Sushma and Vimla?
(a) Poonam
(b) Raj
(c) Ashok
(d) Ved
H, who is facing same direction as E
...
34
...
Four of the following five are alike in a
certain way and so form a group
...
B is related to H in a certain way; the same
way E is related to whom?
(a) D
(b) H
(d) G
(e) A
(c) E
37
...
Which of the following pairs sit opposite to
each other?
(a) D, F
(b) E, B
(d) C, H
(e) G, F
(c) A, C
Directions (34-38): These questions are based on
the following information, read the
comprehension carefully to answer the given
questions
...
Four of them are facing inside while
rests of them are facing outside
...
Two persons are sitting between E
and G, who are facing different directions
...
E
is sitting second to the right of C
...
F is to the immediate left of
77
16
...
What is Minute Space?
The circumference of the face or dial of the clock
can be divided into 60 equal parts called minute
space
2
...
What is Overlap?
10
...
5 dpm (degree per
minute)
11
...
Angle of the hour hand from vertical at N
o’clock = 30N
Concepts & Types:
Type 1: Finding the time when the angle between
the two hands is given
...
Type 2: Finding the angle between the 2 hands at
a given time
...
What is Straight Line?
Type 3: Questions on clocks gaining/losing time
The hands are in the same straight line when they
are coincident or opposite to each other
...
What is Clock Too Fast?
If a watch or a clock indicates 8
...
6
...
Note:
1
...
1-minute space = 6° = 1 minute
3
...
Right Angle or Perpendicular = 15-minute
spaces apart
5
...
Straight Angle or Straight Line or 180° = 30minute space apart
7
...
Angle traced by hour hand in 12 hrs = 360°
9
...
= 360°
S
...
It is divided into 12 equal parts
i
...
, each part is 360/12 = 30°
...
3
In 1 minute it covers 360/60 = 6°/
minute
...
This implies it covers 30° in 60
minutes i
...
½° per minute
...
6
We will use the concept of relative
speed and relative distance while
solving problems on clocks
Tips:
Tip 1: It is easy to calculate the angle between
the minute and the hour hand by using a simple
formula,
Angle = (X*30) -((Y*11)/2)
Tip 2: You can use a short formula to calculate
the time when the angle is given
Angle = (minutes) -30 (hours)
78
•
•
Example 1:
A leap year has 366 days
Every year divisible by 4 is a leap year, if it is
not a century
...
Find the mirror image of the clock when the time
is 01:40
•
A
...
10:22
Counting odd days
C
...
11:22
1 ordinary year ≡ 365 days ≡ (52 weeks + 1 day)
Answer: C
Hence number of odd days in 1 ordinary year= 1
...
100 years = (76 ordinary years + 24 leap years)
Example 2:
A
...
10:22
•
•
•
•
C
...
09:22
Hence number of odd days in 100 years = 5
...
What is an ordinary year?
•
The year which is not a leap year is called an
ordinary year
...
•
2
...
•
•
•
Every year divisible by 4 is a leap year, if it is
not a century
...
3
...
For this, we use the concept of 'odd
days'
...
Quick Looks:
= (76 x 1 + 24 x 2) odd days
= 124 odd days
...
•
100 years give us 5 odd days as calculated
above
...
300 years give us 5 x 3 = 15 – 14 (two weeks)
1 odd day
...
Month of January gives us 31 – 28 = 3 odd
days
...
Note:
When you count from the beginning i
...
1st
January, 0001
1
...
2 odd days mean – Tuesday
3
...
79
Jan
...
March
...
May
...
Example 1:
Today is Monday
...
Tuesday
B
...
Sunday
D
...
So,
after 63 days, it will be Monday
...
What was the day
of the week Jan 1, 2010?
(31 + 28 + 31 + 30 + 31 + 17) = 168 days
168 days = 24 weeks = 0 odd day
...
Given day is Wednesday
CLASSROOM EXERCISE
1
...
Monday
B
...
Sunday
D
...
At what approximate time between 4 and 5
am will the hands of a clock be at right angle?
Answer: B
(a) 4 : 40 am (b) 4 : 38 am (c) 4 : 35 am
Explanation:
On 31st December, 2005 it was Saturday
...
On 31st December 2009, it was Thursday
...
At what time between 8 and 9 o’clock will the
hands of a watch be in straight line but not
together?
(a) 5 min
...
past 7
Example 3:
What was the day of the week on 17th June,
1998?
2
(b) 5 min
...
past 7
(e) None of these
A
...
Tuesday
4
...
Wednesday
D
...
1
...
6
...
What angle is made by minute hand in 30
seconds?
(a) 3°
(b) 29°
(c) 30°
(d) 2
...
Find the mirror image of the clock when the
time is 01:40
97 years has 24 leap years + 73 ordinary years
...
(c) 10:20
(d) 11:22
80
7
...
The reflex angle between the hands of a clock
at 10:25 is?
(a) 180°
(c) Monday
16
...
Find her exact age?
8
...
By
how much angle will the hour’s hand rotate
when the clock shows 9 O’clock in the morning
...
After 12 noon the first right angle will be
formed between the hands of a clock at
(a) 3 p
...
(b) 3
...
m
...
52 p
...
(d) 2
...
m
(b) 54 years 5 months 22 days
(c) 54 years 5 months 12 days
(d) 54 years 6 months 22 days
17
...
What was the
day of the week Jan 1, 2010?
(a) Monday
(b) Friday
(c) Sunday
(d) Tuesday
18
...
At how many times pas 8 o’clock does the
minute hands of a clock coincides with the hour
hand between 8 p
...
and 9 p
...
?
19
...
What day of
the week lies on Jan
...
A clock is set right at 9 a
...
The clock gains
30 seconds per hour
...
39 p
...
on the 3rdday afternoon?
(a) 4 p
...
m
...
m
...
m
...
A clock is set right at 5 (a)m
...
What will be the true
time when the clock indicates 10 p
...
on 4th
day?
(a) 25
(a) 11pm
(b) 12pm
(a) Saturday
(b) Friday
(c) 1pm
(d) 2pm
(c) Sunday
(d) Monday
1
(a) 4411
7
(b) 4311
2
(c) 427
(d)43
14
...
What was the day of the week on ‘9th
November 1998’?
(d)48
20
...
How many leap years does 100 years have?
(b) 24
(c) 4
(d)26
22
...
If every second Saturday and all Sundays are
holidays in a 30 days month beginning on
Saturday, then how many working days are
there in that month? (Month starts from
Saturday)
81
(a) 25
(b) 22
(c) 24
(d)23
24
...
6
...
If Friday was the first day of an ordinary
year, then what would be the last day of the
year?
7
...
What is the angle between the hour hand and
minute hand when it was 5 : 05 pm
...
At what time between 3 and 4 o’clock, the
hands of a clock coincide?
4
5
8
8
(c) 6 : 32 11
(c) 180°
(d) 135°
9
...
At what time of the day
will the hands coincide again?
5
(d) 1 – 06 11 𝑜′ 𝑐𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑘
4
10
...
m
...
m
...
m
...
At what time are the hands of a clock
together between 6 and 7?
(a) 7 : 32 11
(b) 120°
(c) 1 – 05 𝑜′ 𝑐𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑘
6
7
(a) 160°
5
3
...
A clock shows 6:00 in the morning
...
At what time between 9 and 10 o’clock are
the hands of a clock 5 minutes spaces apart?
6
7
3
8
(a) 9
...
43 11
(b) 9
...
48 11
8
(c) 9
...
48
(d) 9
...
49 11
(b) 6 : 33 11
(d) 7 : 33 11
7
1
(a) 1:13
(b) 2:17
12
...
The clock gains
10 minutes in 24 hours will be the true time
when the clock indicates 1 p
...
on the following
day?
(c) 2:13
(d) 3:17
(a) 48 min
...
5
...
past 12
...
past 12
...
past 12
...
How many times are the hands of a clock at
right angle in a day?
(a) 22
(b) 24
(c) 44
(d)48
14
...
What was the day of the week on ‘1st
January 1989’?
(a) Tuesday
(b) Sunday
(c) Monday
(d) Wednesday
16
...
Today is Monday
...
On 8th Dec, 2007 Saturday falls
...
Which two months in a year have the same
calendar?
(A) October, December
(b) April, November
(c) June, October
(d) April, July
20
...
The year next to 2005 will have the same
calendar as that of the year 2005?
(a) 2016
(b) 2022
(c) 2011
(d)None
22
...
Second & fourth Saturdays and every Sunday
is a holiday
...
The first day of a century cannot be _______
...
Which of the following is not a leap year?
(a) 2016
(b) 1920
(c) 1938
(d) 2012
83
17
...
The problems of
syllogism are based on two parts :
Let us see the sentences given below :
1
...
Conclusion / Conclusions drawn from given
proposition/ propositions
PROPOSITION
Just consider the sentences given below:
“All M are P”
“No M are P”
“Some M are P”
“Some M are not P”
What we notice in all above-Mentioned
sentences that they are condition free
...
In other words, a categorical
proposition has no condition attached with it and
it makes direct assertion
...
Here, it
is clear from the sentences that a subject is the
part of a sentence something is said about, while
a predicate is the term in a sentence which is
related to the subject
...
It
has three parts :
(a) The subject
(b) The predicate
(c) The relation between subject and predicate
Therefore, it is clear, that universal propositions
either completely include the subject (A type) or
completely exclude it (E type)
...
Now, we can summarize the four types of
propositions to be used while solving the
problems of syllogism:
Format
Type
All M are P
No M are P
Some M are P
A
E
I
Some M are not P
O
HIDDEN PROPOSITIONS
84
(A) A type:
Apart from ‘all’ it starts with every, each and any
EXAMPLE
Every girl is beautiful
...
]
(i) A positive sentence with a particular person as
its subject is A type
“Is there any truth left in the world”
[No truth is left in the world
...
EXAMPLE
(i) Almost all the girls are beautiful
...
(ii) Most of the garments are handmade
...
It is clear from the above examples that negative
sentences beginning with words like ‘few’,
‘rarely’, ‘seldom’, etc
...
) are to be reduced to I type
Just see the other formats given below
Apart from ‘no’ this type of propositions starts
from ‘no one’, ‘none’, ‘not a single’ etc
EXAMPLE
No one (student) is studious
...
[Some girls have passed]
Therefore, a positive proposition with an
indefinite exception is reduced to I type
...
not’ this type of
statements start with words like ‘all’, ‘every’,
‘any’, ‘each’, etc
...
Some Heart is ace
[Some girls are not beautiful]
All kings are queen
(ii) Poor are usually not healthy
...
are to be reduced to the O–
type propositions
...
All Ace are Queen
Again, positive propositions starting with words
like ‘few’, ‘scarcely’, ‘rarely’, ‘little’, ‘seldom’ etc
...
II
...
Statements:
Some Earth is moon
No moon is star
Conclusions:
EXAMPLE
I
...
II
...
Statements:
Also, see the following formats
Some Landlords are farmers
...
Some Labours are Traders
Conclusions:
I
...
Some labours are landlords
Therefore, a negative proposition with an
indefinite exception, is reduced to O type
...
You have to
take the given statements to be true even if they
seem to be at variance from commonly known
facts
...
Only I follow b
...
Either I or II follows d
...
Both I & II follow
1
...
You have to take
the given statements to be true even if they seem
to be at variance from commonly known facts
...
Statements:
Some rooms are chairs
...
All tables are fans
...
Some fans are Chair
...
Some Tables are chair
8
...
Statements:
Some Cats are Rats
...
All bats are tables
...
All Rats are Bats
...
Some Cats are bats
I
...
All bats are rats
II
...
All tables are cats
6
...
Only I & II follow
b
...
Only I & III follow
d
...
None of these
Some L are N
9
...
Some N are P
Some pets are rats
II
...
You
have to take the given statements to be true even
if they seem to be at variance with commonly
known facts and then decide which of the given
conclusions logically follow(s) from the given
statements
...
Statements:
II
...
Some rats are pets
a
...
Only II and III follow
c
...
All I, II and III follows
e
...
Statements:
All books are roads
Some host is ice
...
Conclusions:
Some snow is cream
...
some roads are buildings
II
...
Conclusions:
III
...
Only I and II follows
I
...
Some host is honey
b
...
Only II and III follow d
...
Some ice is cream
III
...
87
a
...
Only I follows
No deer is dog
...
Only II follow
d
...
e
...
You have to
take the given statements to be true even if they
seem to be at variance from commonly known
facts
...
Only I follow b
...
Either I or II follows d
...
Both I & II follow
I
...
II
...
15
...
Some Naween are Jai
...
11
...
Some star are Earth
II
...
Statements:
Some House are Xiomi
Some Flat are Uber
No Xiomi is Uber
Conclusions:
I
...
II
...
Statements:
All garbage are junk
...
All junk are spam
...
All garbage are spam
...
Some spam are mail
14
...
Conclusions:
I
...
II
...
Statements:
All soil is dark
...
No green is field
...
Some dark is soil
...
Some dark is not field
17
...
All Women are Children
...
Some Children are Men
II
...
Statements:
All Letters are Vowels
...
No Word is Consonant
88
Conclusions:
23
...
All Consonants being Vowels is a possibility
Some M is N
...
No Letter is Consonant
Some N is P
...
Statements:
All P is Z
...
No Z is X
Some Vowels are Words
...
Some N is Z
Conclusions:
II
...
All Consonants being Vowels is a possibility
24
...
No Letter is Consonant
Some L are R
...
Statements:
No R are B
All lamps are pots
...
I
...
Some L is B
Conclusions:
25
...
All roses are pots
No milk is cow
...
All lamps are roses
All fox is cow
...
Statements:
Conclusions:
Some rail is metro
...
No fox is milk
...
II
...
No bus is bike
...
Some rail is not bike
...
No metro is bike
...
Statements:
Some Lines are Rows
Some Rows are Columns
No lines are Graphs
Conclusions:
I
...
No Column is Graphs
STUDENT EXERCISE
Directions (1 -5) In each of the following
questions some statements are given followed by
two conclusions numbered I and II
...
1
...
All the Handles are Clips
...
All the Clips are Bags
89
II
...
Statements:
All Plugs are Wire
...
Some Buttons are Switch
...
Some Buttons are Plugs
...
All Plugs are Buttons
...
Statements:
All Keys are Staplers
...
Some Blades are Erasers
...
Conclusions:
I
...
All Keys are Blades
4
...
Some nuts are walls
...
Some nuts are chairs
II
...
Statements:
All Green are Red
All Red are Black
All Black are Blue
Conclusions:
I
...
All Blue are Green
Directions: (6-10): In each question below, there
are three or four statements followed by three or
four conclusions numbered I, II, III and IV
...
6
...
Some duster is solid
...
Some broad is stone
...
Some rubber is stone
...
Some duster is stone
...
Some rubber is board
...
Only I and II follow
c
...
None of these
b
...
All, I, II and III follow
7
...
Some blue are cups
II
...
Some drums are cups
a
...
Only II follows
c
...
All I, II and III follows
e
...
Statement:
Some ships are boats
...
Some submarines are yatches
...
Some yatches are boats
...
Some submarines are boats
...
Some submarines are ships
...
All follow
b
...
Only III follows
d
...
None of these
Directions (11-24) In each of the following
questions some statements are given followed by
two conclusions numbered I and II
...
Only I follow b
...
Either I or II
follows d
...
Both I & II
follow
11
...
No Slats is Pencils
...
Statements:
All Pencils are Erasers
Some bikes are cycles
Conclusions:
Some cycles are trains
I
...
Some Erasers are Pens
Conclusions:
12
...
Some trains are cycles
All Delhi is Mumbai
...
Some trains are bikes
No Mumbai is Kolkata
...
Some rocket are bikes
a
...
Only II and III follow
e
...
b
...
All I, II and III follows
Conclusions:
I
...
10
...
No Delhi is Kolkata
...
Statements:
All handles are tigers
No mars is earth
...
Some real are monkeys
Some earth is saturn
...
Some tigers are handles
I
...
II
...
Some mars is sun
...
Some tigers are birds
14
...
Some monkeys are handles
Some hours are minutes
...
All follow
No minute is seconds
...
Only I and III follow
c
...
Only I and IV follow
Conclusions:
e
...
Some seconds are hours
...
All hours are seconds
...
Statements:
Conclusions:
All dark is night
...
Some tree are herbs
...
II
...
20
...
I
...
All Days are Years
...
Some time is not dark
No Leap is Month
...
Statements:
Conclusions:
All baskets are Marbles
...
Some Months are days
...
II
...
No stick is garden
21
...
I
...
Some Pants are ties
...
No Garden is Basket
No pant is bag
...
Statements:
Conclusion:
All Lenovo are Samsung
...
Some ties are Bags
...
II
...
Some Moto are Samsung
...
Statements:
Conclusion: I
...
No Lic is Nabard
II
...
Some Sbi are Ibps
18
...
Some Pots are Mats
Conclusions:
All Mats are Cats
...
All Ibps are Nabard
...
Some Ibps are Lic is a possibility
...
Statements:
I
...
II
...
19
...
No plants are tree
...
Conclusions:
All fruit are herbs
I
...
Some D is F
Some boxes are chairs
24
...
All roads are tents
No mango is orange
...
Some tents are chairs
I
...
II
...
Some orange is apple
III
...
You
have to take the given statements to be and then
decide which of the given conclusions logically
follow(s) from the given statements
...
Only either I or II follows
25
...
Only either I or III follows
c
...
All I, II and III follows
e
...
CODED -INEQUALITIES
INTRODUCTION
As we know, 3 × 3 = 9
Now, we can say that the result of multiplication
between 3 and 3 is equal to 9
...
But when we multiply 3 ×
4, we get 12 as a result of this multiplication
...
When, we come to know that one thing is not
equal to another; there can be only two
possibilities:(i) One thing is greater than another thing
...
When, we denote (i) and (ii) mathematically,
then we will write
...
or
(ii) One thing < another thing
...
and ‘<’ denotes ‘less than’
Hence, you can write,
m ≥ n means m is either greater than or equal to
n
...
Hence, we can summarize the signs to be used in
inequalities as below:
‘=’ denotes equal to
‘>’ denotes greater than
‘≥’ denotes greater than or equal to
‘<’ denotes less than
‘≤’ denotes less than or equal to
CHAIN OF INEQUALITIES
Sometimes two or more inequalities are
combined together to create a single inequality
having three or more terms
...
Conditions for Combining Two Inequalities
Condition I: Two inequalities will be combined if
and only if they have a common term
...
EXAMPLE 14 > 13, 13 > 12 can be easily
combined as ‘14 > 13 > 12’
...
term 13 and this common term is greater than 12
and less than 14
...
Sometimes we come across two numbers where,
we do not know the exact state of inequality
between them
...
94
∴ Our conclusion is m > n
(d) When, we have the following inequalities:Here,
m>l≥n
Clearly, 17 < 19 and 19 < 20 have common term
19 and this common term is greater than 17 and
less than 20
...
In this case, m is always greater than l and l is
either greater than n or equal to it
...
Even when l is equal to n; m will be greater
than n as m is always greater than l
...
Some such examples
are given below:
∴ Our conclusion is m > n
i
...
18 < 20, 22 < 25
Here, m is either greater than l or equal to l
...
100 > 99, 80 > 77
When m is greater than l; we have m > l ≥ n,
which gives the conclusion
...
100 < 115, 118 < 119
Clearly, (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) cannot be combined
as they do not have any common term and
therefore, they do not follow condition I and
condition II
...
(e) When, we have combined inequality
m>n
— (A)
When m is equal to l; we have
m = l ≥ n, which gives the conclusion
m≥n
— (B)
Combining (A) and (B), we have the final
conclusion as
m≥n
(a) If we have
m>l>n
From (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e), we get a rule for
deriving conclusions from a combined inequality,
we may say it ‘Golden Rule’
then, our conclusion is
m>n
GOLDEN RULE:
(b) When, we have
m
then, our conclusion is
m
The conclusion inequality will have an '≥' sign or
a '≤' sign if and only if both the signs in the
combined inequality are '≥' or '≤' sign
For example,
(c) When, we have ‘≥’ signs in the combined
inequalities then you have to think a little bit
more
...
Hence, the minimum value for m is equal to l
...
Therefore, m is always
greater than n
...
• If m > n, then n < m must be true
...
• If m ≥ n, then n ≤ m must be true
...
When your derived conclusion is of the type m
≥ n (or m ≤ n) then check if the two conclusions
are m > n and m = n (or, m < n and m = n)
...
II
...
Then try to check if the given conclusions
form a complementary pair
...
GOLDEN RULE:
The conclusion — inequality is obtained by letting
the common term be eliminated and it has a ‘≥’
or a ‘≤’ sign if and only if both the inequalities in
2nd step had a ‘≥’ or a ‘≤’ sign
...
After performing the above mentioned three
steps, if a conclusion is established and verified, it
is well and good
...
Now in each of following questions, assuming the
given statements to be true, find which of the
two conclusions I and II given below them is/are
definitely true
...
(e) if both I and II are true
...
T © M II
...
Given statements :
P > T, M ≤ K, T = K
...
So, either I or II is true
...
DIRECT INEQUALITY
New Step III: Check if the derived conclusion
follows ‘Either choice Rule I’
...
EXAMPLE 1: In the following question, the
symbols ©, @, =,* and $ are used with the
following meanings :
In this type of questions, direct relation between
two or more than two elements are given in a
meaningful inequality
...
EXAMPLE 2 : Which of the following symbols
should replace the question mark in the given
expression in order to make the expressions
...
On putting sign (=) in place of question mark
(?)
• D > B → False
I>J≥K=L≤N=M
In simple way, whenever these two sign comes in
opposite direction the answer will be false
...
≤ OR ≥
Inequality depends upon combining more than
two element with a common term
...
Accordance to this diagram
EXAMPLE
Definite Conclusion
If A ≥B ≤ C then
>=→>
A ≤ C = False, C ≥ A = False
<=→<
But
≥=→≥
If A ≥ B ≥ C then
≤=→≤
A ≥ C = True, C ≤ A = True
...
A ≥ C → True
>=≥→>
II
...
D ≥ C → False
Case 3
...
< OR >
Two signs opposite to each other will make the
conclusion wrong But again if the signs are in
same manner that will not make it wrong
...
But
If E > F > G > H then E > G = True ,
F > H = True , E > H = True
...
P ≥ Q → False
II
...
Q ≥ S → True
Case 4
...
Then change the sign into
similar opposite /corresponding / alternative
direction
...
C < A → True
II
...
> or < and ≥ or ≤
Whenever there is two conclusions which are
false then check for these two symbols (> or <
and ≥ or ≤)
...
B
...
If It happens then write it
as 'Either or' but after checking their symbols
...
Both conclusion should False
2
...
Check the symbols
If above conditions are satisfied then write it as
'Either Or' Otherwise leave it
...
Statements: A ≥ B; C > G; A ≥ H; B ≥ C; I = B
Conclusions:
I
...
H > B
III
...
I > A
A
...
Only II is true
C
...
Neither I nor II is true
E
...
Statements: A≤H, G≥H; G>M; O≤M
Conclusions:
I
...
G≥O
III
...
H≤G
A
...
Only II is true
C
...
Only I and IV are true
98
E
...
R & O
IV
...
Statement : P < Q ≥ R > S ≤ T
A
...
Only III is true
Conclusion:
C
...
Either III or IV is true
I
...
P < R
E
...
Q > S
IV
...
Statements: A * E, E $ F, F # O, O @ L
A
...
Only III is true
Conclusions:
C
...
Only IV is true
I
...
E @ O
III
...
E @ L
A
...
Only I is true
C
...
Only III is true
E
...
Statements: A>N=I≥W
I
...
A
A
...
Only II is true
E
...
Statements: B @ Q, Q # A, A & L, L * N
C
...
Neither I nor II is true
Conclusions:
E
...
N $ A
II
...
Statements: M
III
...
Q # N
Conclusions:
A
...
I, II and IV are true
I
...
M
C
...
I, III and IV are true
A
...
Only II is true
C
...
Neither I nor II is true
E
...
Statements: E # M, M * N, N @ O, O $ P
E
...
P # M
II
...
M # O
IV
...
II and III are true
B
...
III and IV are true D
...
Statements: O & A, A $ R, R # S, S * Q
Conclusions:
I
...
S @ O
E
...
Statements: A $ E, E @ F, F * G, G # H
Conclusions:
I
...
A $ G
III
...
A @ F
A
...
Only I is true
C
...
Only III is true
E
...
In which of these expressions ‘U > W’ be
definitely false?
A
...
P
C
...
U>C>=F≤H; W
E
...
F > O
II
...
E > M
IV
...
Only I is true
B
...
Either I or II true
D
...
Only III is true
12
...
Statements: B≤P, E≥P; E>Q; L≤Q
Conclusions:
I
...
E≥L
III
...
B≤E
A
...
>, >, ≥, <
A
...
≥, ≥, ≤,≤
D
...
Only II is true
C
...
Other than those given as options
D
...
In Which of the following expressions does
the expression ‘D=V’ to definitely hold true?
E
...
K ≥ D ≤ R = P < S ≤ V
B
...
D ≥ C > Q ≥ B = N ≤ V
D
...
V ≥ E = G ≥ W = Y ≥ D
14
...
Statement : B < A ≥ W > V ≤ X
Conclusion:
I
...
B < W
III
...
V < B
A
...
Only III is true
C
...
Only IV is true
E
...
Statement: B≥D
A
...
S < P
Conclusions:
C
...
A < B
I
...
P
E
...
If only Conclusion I follows
15
...
If only Conclusion II follows
A
...
P
C
...
S>C>=F≤H; B>V
E
...
Statements: D ≥ E; F > M; D ≥ O; E ≥ F; N = E
Conclusions:
C
...
If neither Conclusion I nor II follows
E
...
Statement: S=R≥A, P
I
...
R>P
100
A
...
If only Conclusion I follows
C
...
If neither Conclusion I nor II follows
25
...
If both Conclusions I or II follow
21
...
Statements: A=B; C≤F; G>C; B
Conclusions:
I
...
D > K
A) only I follows
B) only II follows
C) either I or II follows D) neither I nor II follow
I
...
F > G
III
...
A > C
A
...
None is true
C
...
Which of the following would replace & and
# in the following expression so that ‘A > N’
holds true?
D
...
Only IV is true
2
...
T > R
II
...
R < P
IV
...
Only I is true
B
...
In which of the following expressions does
the expression ‘G < S’ definitely hold true?
A) A = S < F ≥ H = K > G > D
B) D > A = G ≥ B = F ≤ S < H
C) A < O > G < H = H < S ≥ B
D) G = U ≤ B = S ≤ H = O < A
E) None of these
24
...
Only I and III are true
D
...
All I, II, III and IV are true
3
...
P>M,
II
...
Only I is true
B
...
Either I or II true
D
...
Both I and II are true
4
...
M>Q,
II
...
Only I is true
B
...
Either I or II true
D
...
Both I and II are true
5
...
H≥J,
II
...
Only I is true
B
...
Either I or II true
D
...
Both I and II are true
Directions (6-10) In these questions, relationships
between different elements is shown in the
statements
...
Give Answer
A
...
If only Conclusion II follows
C
...
If neither Conclusion I nor II follows
E
...
Statement: B≥E
I
...
Q
...
P>G
II
...
Statement: A>S>P>O=E
Conclusions:
I
...
S>E
9
...
>, ≥, <, =, <, <
B
...
≥, ≥, ≥, ≤, >, >
D
...
Other than those given as options
12
...
E ≥ W ≤ R = P < S ≤ T
B
...
L ≥ C > E ≥ W = N ≤ T
D
...
T ≥ E = G ≥ W = Y ≥ L
13
...
W ≤ P
B
...
M < R
D
...
T ≤ M
14
...
S>P≥Q=G≥R>V
B
...
V≤A≤L=R
D
...
S>T=O≥P; V
15
...
T≥S≥P≥Q=G≥R>V
B
...
V≤A≤L=R
D
...
A≥D
II
...
Statement: P≥R
E
...
P>E
16
...
Q>O
11
...
D < Q
II
...
P > E
IV
...
Only II is true
B
...
Only I and II are true
D
...
If only Conclusion II follows
C
...
Only IV is true
D
...
Statement : A ≥ N > M < B ≤ L
E
...
Statements: V < E = D = W ≥ L; F ≥ S = D < K; L
≥R=H≥B
I
...
L > N
III
...
B > A
A
...
Only II is true
C
...
Only I and IV are true
E
...
Statement: P≥M>F
II
...
If only Conclusion I follows
B
...
If either Conclusion I or II follows
D
...
If both Conclusions I or II follow
19
...
T>E
A
...
If only Conclusion II follows
C
...
If neither Conclusion I nor II follows
E
...
Statement: A≥M
Conclusions:
I
...
B = S
A) only I follows
B) only II follows
C) either I or II follows
D) neither I nor II follow
E) both I and II follow
true?
Q < D % S ≥ A = W; B ≥ P # D = Z > X
A) >, ≤
B) ≥, >
C) ≥, ≥
D) >, =
E) None of these
23
...
Q≥E
I
...
Which of the following would replace % and
# in the following expression so that A ≤ B holds
Conclusions:
I
...
In which of these expression ‘L > P’ is
definitely false?
A) W < P ≥ S ≥ Q < N> A ≥ L > V
B) N > L > M = D ≥ B = A > P = R
C) M ≤ A > L > W ≥ V ≤ B = P < S
II
...
If only Conclusion I follows
D) S > L = C ≥ H = H ≥ P ≤ Q = T
E) B > L ≤ A = M < Q ≤ T = P < G
103
25
Title: Reasoning and aptitude
Description: This is a notes of reasoning and aptitude. here you can easily understood the subject with translation
Description: This is a notes of reasoning and aptitude. here you can easily understood the subject with translation