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Title: Digestion and Absorption
Description: Digestion and Absorption of Biology simple notes for Class 11th or Neet students.
Description: Digestion and Absorption of Biology simple notes for Class 11th or Neet students.
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Digestion
and
absorption
Introduction
●
Food → One of the basic requirements of living organisms
...
Water
● Important role in metabolic
process
● Prevent from dehydration of
body
...
● Breakdown and converted into simple
substance in our body
...
Digestive system
Human
digestive
system :
1
...
Associated glands
Adult
alimentary
canal
→ 8-10 m long tube
→ Anterior opening :
Mouth
→Posterior : Anus
Mouth
●
Leads to → Oral cavity Or buccal
cavity
Oral cavity →number of teeth to
grasp and hold the food and are
modified by chewing the food
...
↓
Food is chewed and mixed
with saliva in the mouth
Dentition
● Diphyodont :
Humans have to sets of
teeth during their
lifetime
...
Thiis type of
attachment is called
Thecodont
Four kinds of represent in the adult humans are
●
●
Incisor (8) : For
cutting and biting
Canines (4) : For
tearing and piercing
Premolars (8) : For
crushing and grinding
Molar (12) : For crushing,
grinding and masticating
food
...
Dental formula of the
permanent of human
Dental formula of milk
teeth of human
2123
2102
2123
2102
Typical tooth consists of three region :
1
...
2
...
Root → the part which is embedded in the bone
→ Aids in swallowing
→ An organ of taste
Tongue
● Freely movable
organ
...
● Help in chewing food
...
2
...
4
...
● Glottis : Leads into opening of larynx and opening
ofoesophagus
● Epiglottis : A cartilaginous
flap prevent the entry of
food into the glottis during swallowing
...
Peristalsis
● Wave of concentration
● Relaxation of muscles
That initiates in the oesophagus as soon as
food enter into it through mouth
...
→ Lesser Curvatures
● Shape : J- Shape oragn
● Located : upper cleft
portion of abdominal
cavity
1
...
Fundus : produces gastric
including HCL
3
...
Pylous : Connects to the
duodenum
● Cardiac and pyloric end
●
Stomach :
Help →
Guarded
↓
Regulate the entry
and exit of food in
and out of the stomach
...
Mechanical churning
2
...
2
...
4
...
● Complete digestion : Protein, carbohydrates, fats and
nucleic acids
...
●
Start of the jejunum
↓
● Proximal C-shaped
region
...
●
Final portion of ileum → longest
coiled segment and empty into the
caecum at the ileo-caecal junction
...
2
...
4
...
1
...
5 cm
Caecum
● Expanded pouch that receives material from
the ileum
...
● Prominent in herbivorous animal
...
● Contains : highly concentrated lympatic noodles
...
● Descending colon: opens into the rectum
which opens out through anus
Title: Digestion and Absorption
Description: Digestion and Absorption of Biology simple notes for Class 11th or Neet students.
Description: Digestion and Absorption of Biology simple notes for Class 11th or Neet students.