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Activity l
The History and Industrial Evolvement of Welding Technology
1
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Welding has a long history dating back to ancient times
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Pressure welding lap joints together resulted in little gold circular boxes
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Egyptians and inhabitants
in the eastern Mediterranean learnt to weld iron pieces together during the Iron Age
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C
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The art of blacksmithing
developed during the Middle Ages, when countless articles of iron were forged and hammered
together
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2
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A
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He was the
first person to produce an arc between two carbon electrodes using a battery
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During the late
1800s, gas welding and cutting was developed
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B
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This used a carbon
electrode to generate an arc to the workpiece
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However it was widely used commercially, for welding lead plates to
manufacture storage batteries
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C
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Benardos
During the 1860s and 1870s he investigated the electric arc
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[1] He
demonstrated a new way of metal compounds in Paris in 1881
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Stanislaus Olszewski
In 1881–82, together with Nikolay Benardos, a Russian engineer, he developed a
method of carbon arc welding patented in France in 1885 and in the US in 1887
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C
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Coffin
In 1890, C
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Coffin of Detroit was awarded the first U
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patent for an arc welding
process using a metal electrode
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Gas tungsten
arc welding (GTAW) had its beginnings from an idea by C
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Coffin to weld in a nonoxidizing gas
atmosphere, which he patented in 1890
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N
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Slavianoff
A Russian inventor, Nikolay Gavrilovich Slavianoff, introduced arc welding with
consumable metal electrodes in 1888
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” With the introduction of coatings on the metal
electrode in later years to provide shielding for the molten metal, Slavianoff’s invention led to
shielded metal arc welding (“SMAW”)
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Strohmenger
Approximately 1900, Strohmenger introduced a coated metal electrode in Great Britain
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Oscar Kjellberg
Oscar Kjellberg of Sweden invented a covered or coated electrode during the period of
1907 to 1914
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I
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Elihu Thompson originated resistance
welding
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Goldschmidt

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K
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J
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In 1919, C
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Holslag invented
alternating current welding, replacing electric arc welding as the most prevalent form of
welding in the United States
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L
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O
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M
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They utilized two electrodes, starting with carbon electrodes but later changing to tungsten
electrodes
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It was then blown out of
the arc forming an intensely hot flame of atomic hydrogen turning to the molecular form and
liberating heat
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This
became the atomic hydrogen welding process
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N
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M
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K
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M
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K
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In their patents applied for in 1926, arc welding utilizing gas supplied around the
arc was a forerunner of the gas tungsten arc welding process
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This was the
forerunner of the gas metal arc welding process
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O
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It was
designed to make the longitudinal seams in the pipe
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Submerged arc
welding was used during the defense buildup in 1938 in shipyards and ordnance factories
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P
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It was perfected in 1941, patented by Meredith, and named Heliarc welding
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The gas
tungsten arc welding process has become one of the most important
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Lyubavskii and Novoshilov
In 1953, Lyubavskii and Novoshilov announced the use of welding with consumable
electrodes in an atmosphere of carbon dioxide gas
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The CO2 arc is a hot arc and the larger electrode
wires required fairly high currents
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T
R
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The process was called Dualshield, which
indicated that external shielding gas was utilized as well as the gas produced by the flux in the
core of the wire for arc shielding
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S
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K
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It had been used in the Soviet Union since 1951 but was based on work
done in the United States by R
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Hopkins, who was granted patents in 1940
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The process was perfected, and
equipment was developed at the Paton Institute Laboratory in Kiev, Ukraine, and also at the
Welding Research Laboratory in Bratislava
T
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This process uses a constricted arc or an arc
through an orifice, which creates an arc plasma that has a higher temperature than the
tungsten arc
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U
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A
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J
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Stohr of the French Atomic Energy
Commission made the first public disclosure of the process on Nov
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In the United
States, the automotive and aircraft engine industries are the major users of electron beam
welding

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