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Title: Hydrocarbons and Crude Oil
Description: Includes mind maps, questions and answers. Differences between complete and incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons. Types of Alkanes. Breaking down hydrocarbons (Cracking). Fractionating column, how it works and which products are produced.
Description: Includes mind maps, questions and answers. Differences between complete and incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons. Types of Alkanes. Breaking down hydrocarbons (Cracking). Fractionating column, how it works and which products are produced.
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Hydrocarbons and Crude Oil
Hydrocarbon - compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen only
...
Crude oil
❖ Mixture of hydrocarbons
...
❖ Important source of useful substances
❖ A finite resource
...
Name
Formula
Boiling point (℃)
Methane
CH4
-161
Ethane
C2H6
-88
Propane
C3H8
-42
Butane
C4H10
-0
...
Q1
...
When Hydrogen burns it makes …………
...
When Carbon burns it makes …………
...
When hydrocarbons burn they make …………
...
Q5
...
Q6
...
Write the balanced symbol equation for the combustion of Octane
and Balance it
...
❖ Vapours rise through the column and cool down
...
❖ The liquid falls into a tray and is piped away
...
Combustion
Complete
➢
➢
➢
➢
Incomplete
Not enough oxygen available
...
Complete combustion
CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O + Energy
Incomplete combustion
4CH4 + 7O2 → 2CO + 2CO2 +8H2O
Isomers - same molecular formula but a different arrangement of atoms
...
Homologous series - A family of compounds that have the same general formula and similar
properties but have different numbers of carbon atoms
...
There are some very large alkanes
...
Q8
...
Describe two differences between the structural formulae of butane and pentane
...
Explain why alkanes can be described as hydrocarbons
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Give the molecular formula for octane
...
Why can burning fuels in a lack of oxygen cause problems?
Answers
Q1
...
H2O
Q3
...
H2O and CO2
Q5
...
C8H18 + 12
...
C100H202
Q8
...
Pentane has one more Carbon atom and two more Hydrogen atoms
...
Because Alkanes only have Hydrogen and Carbon
Q11
...
Burning Hydrocarbons in insufficient air:
● A limited supply of oxygen causes incomplete combustion
● This produces carbon monoxide and carbon
● Causes unconsciousness and death
Title: Hydrocarbons and Crude Oil
Description: Includes mind maps, questions and answers. Differences between complete and incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons. Types of Alkanes. Breaking down hydrocarbons (Cracking). Fractionating column, how it works and which products are produced.
Description: Includes mind maps, questions and answers. Differences between complete and incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons. Types of Alkanes. Breaking down hydrocarbons (Cracking). Fractionating column, how it works and which products are produced.