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AUTONOMOUS BABY
INCUBATOR
Instrumentation and control lab mini project

Group members

• Rafiullah Safi
(18PWMEC4565)
• Haroon Khan
(18PWMEC4566)
• Abdul Salam
(18PWMEC4567)
• Muhammad Huzaifa
(18PWMEC4568)
• Majid Kamal
(18PWMEC4569)
• Wajid Khan
(18PWMEC4570)

FEBRUARY 21, 2022
UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Peshawar

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Contents
ABSTRACT:
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2
COMPONENTS:
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2
AC 110/220V- 24V 1A Power Supply:
...
3
L298N H-BRIDGE:
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4
5V Relay module:
...
5
DHT11 Humidity and Temperature Sensor:
...
6
Ultrasonic Mist-Maker 1A 24V DC WITH 12 LEDs:
...
7
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
...
9
APPLICATIONS:
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10
COST DETAIL:
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Almost 4 million
babies die due to preterm annually
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In order to tackle this problem an Arduino based autonomous incubator for preterm
born babies is constructed that would provide the basic requirements for the baby that is optimum temperature
and humidity
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INTRODUCTION:
Baby incubator is mainly used for preterm born babies but in some cases if needed, it can be used for sick babies
to fight off cold etc
...

It is composed of following parts, mainly:
1
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3
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5
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Humidification Source
...
However, for
humidification, an ultrasonic mist maker which creates fog from a water reservoir and then via heaters it is
heated to required level
...
The
fan also acts as a cooling source incase temperature inside the incubator is greater than the required temperature
...

It is basically a computer with 16 MHz processor that can process data coming from sensors and gives
instructions to actuators
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12V DC FAN:

A 12V DC fan which is run by a brushless motor is used to transport fog from water bucket containing mist
maker to heaters for heating and for proper flow of air throughout the incubator
...
Also it enables us to control motors direction and speed easily
...


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5V Relay module:

As heating elements operate at 220V AC while Arduino works at 5V DC
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LCD:

A dot-matrix LCD is used to display values of humidity and temperature for monitoring the state inside the
incubator
...


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DHT11 Humidity and Temperature Sensor:

A DHT11 is sensor module that contains humidity and temperature sensors rolled into one
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Pushbuttons:

Pushbuttons for entering desired temperature and humidity values and also for starting and resetting the values
when needed
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These

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agitated particles rise up and turn into fog which is later used via fan for humidification purposes in the
incubator
...
h"
//import LCD library
#include "DHT
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Begin();
//LCD initialization
lcd
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println("DHTxx test!");
dht
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begin(9600);
pinMode(fan, OUTPUT);
pinMode(heater, OUTPUT);
pinMode(fogger,OUTPUT);
pinMode(IN1,OUTPUT);
pinMode(IN2,OUTPUT);
}
void loop()
{
humidityin = dht
...
readTemperature();
float f = dht
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print("Humidity: ");
Serial
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print(" %\t");
Serial
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print(temperaturein);
Serial
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print(1, 5, 1, "TEMPERATURE=");
//X-Pos (0-95), Y-Pos
(0-67), Pixel(1=ON, 0=Off),OUTSIDE TEMPERATURE
lcd
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print(85,5,1,"C");
lcd
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print(55, 15, 2,humidityin);

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lcd
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print(1,30,1,"--------------------------------------------------------------------");
lcd
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print(70, 40, 2,reqtemperature);
lcd
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print(1, 50, 1, "REQUIREDH=");
//X-Pos (0-95), Y-Pos
(0-67), Pixel(1=ON, 0=Off),OUTSIDE HUMIDITY
lcd
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print(75,50,1,"%");
lcd
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Clear_LCD();
delay(50);
{ digitalWrite(IN1,HIGH);
digitalWrite(IN2,LOW);
analogWrite(fan,speed);}
if(errortemperature>0)
{digitalWrite(fan,HIGH); //to decrease the temp inside incubator
digitalWrite(heater,LOW);}
if(errortemperature<0)
{digitalWrite(heater,HIGH); // to heat up the baby chamber by
concevtion
digitalWrite(fan,HIGH);}
if(errorhumidity>0)
{digitalWrite(fan,HIGH); // to decrease the humidity by
circulating more fresh air
digitalWrite(fogger,LOW);
}
if(errorhumidity<0)
{digitalWrite(fogger,HIGH); //to circulate the fog inside the
incubator
digitalWrite(fan,HIGH);
}
if(errortemperature==0)
{digitalWrite(heater,LOW);
digitalWrite(fan, LOW);
}
if(errorhumidity==0)
{digitalWrite(fogger,LOW);
digitalWrite(fan,LOW);}}

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
DHT-11 SENSOR

Heater

Ultrasonic
Mist-Maker

FAN

LCD

H-BRIDGE

AC 110/220V- 24V
1A Power Supply:

Figure 1 Circuit diagram

WORKING:
Autonomous incubator works on error
(required value – current value)
correction technique
...

The baby chamber is heated through
convection from the control unit just
below it
...

If required value of temperature is higher
than the current value, then error would be Figure 2 shows a working model of baby incubator
positive and Arduino will tell the heater to
heat up more by sending more voltage into the heaters
...

The humidity is provided by using an ultrasonic mist maker, that spray extremely fine water droplets
into the air, which are circulated by the fan in the entire incubator

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If humidity required is higher, Arduino will tell fan to rotate at higher speed, so more and more water
vapors are spread in the incubator chamber and in other it will do the opposite, which is slowing the
fan down
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2
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4
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Keeping chemical regents in a laboratory
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Hatching chicks form eggs uses same control environment technique
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Multiple body temperature sensors should be used for
accuracy; third the control unit can be made more versatile

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