Notesale: Turn your study into money

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                 BIOLOGY
Science: is the study of the natural things around us
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The term biology
is coined from two Greek words- 'bio' meaning 'life' and 'logos' meaning 'to study'
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                   BRANCHES OF BIOLOGY
There are two main branches: 
1)
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Botany
1)
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2)
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Other branches are:
3)
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4)
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5)
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6)
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Physiology: study of the functions of living things
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You observe/see which leads to classification
2)
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Give a tentative answer/hypothesis
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Perform an experiment to test hypothesis
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Analyse results and draw conclusions
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Accept, reject of modify hypothesis
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Share the results
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Theory: verified hypothesis
Law: extensively tested and proven theory
            USEFULNESS OF SCIENCE (BIOLOGY)
1)
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2)
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3) Improved technology
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Means of transportation
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Helps in agriculture (use of fertilizers)
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Movement
2)
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Sensitivity
4)
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Excretion
6)
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Growth
For easy recalling, M
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S
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E
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G
   DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

1)
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Plants: slow response to external stimuli
  Animals: fast response to external stimuli
3)
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Plants: No sense organs
    Animals: Specialised sense organs
5)
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Plants: Most green plants carry out photosynthesis
Animals: Do not carry out photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is a process which takes place in the chloroplast where green plants
manufacture their food in the presence of sunlight
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What is a cell?
A cell is the basic, simplest, structural and functional unit of a living organism because it
carries out all life activities such as feeding, movement, excretion, respiration, reproduction
etc
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Robert Hooke(English Scientist)- He also known as the father of cells
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He first discovered the honey-comb structure of a cell in 1665
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2)
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He therefore defined a cell as the living substance protoplasm
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Matthias Schledien(German Botanist)- In 1838, he revealed that the bodies of plants are
made up of cells
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Theodor Schwann(German Zoologist)- In 1839, he revealed that the bodies of all animals
are made up of cells
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5)
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                     CELL THEORY
The discoveries of Matthias Schledien(German Botanist) and Theodor Schwann (German
Zoologist) led to the postulation of the cell theory in 1839
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All living things are made up of one or more cells
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Cell is the structural and functional unit of all living organisms
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All existing cells come from pre-existing cells
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There is no life apart from the life of cells
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All living things are either unicellular or multicellular

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