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Title: The Cell
Description: Classification of cells Structure of a cell Similarities and Differences between plant cell and animal cell
Description: Classification of cells Structure of a cell Similarities and Differences between plant cell and animal cell
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CLASSIFICATION OF CELL AS A LIVING UNIT OF AN ORGANISM
1)
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2)
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CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS BASED ON NUMBER OF CELLS
a, Unicellular/Acellular: are organisms with only one cell
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b, Multicellular: are organisms with two or more cells
...
2)
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They carry out all life processes such as feeding, respiration and so
on
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b, As a colony: A colony is the aggregation of independent cells or protists, Eg- Volvox,
Pandorina and Sponges
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c, As a filament: Here, identical cells are joined end to end to form unbranched filaments
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EgSpirogyra, Zygnema, Hydra, Oscillateria and Oedogonium
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-Identical Cells: Colonials form a mass, Filamentous form end-to-end arrangement in linear
form
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d, As a part of a living organisms(Multicellular Organisms): The Tissue, The Organ and The
System make up the part of a living organisms
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An Organ is a group of similar tissues forming a layer in an organisms which performs a
specific function
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Therefore, Cells lead to Tissues, Tissues lead to Organs and Organs lead to System
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The Cytoplasm is a fluid material that consists of cytoplasmic organelles such as lysosome ,
Golgi bodies , Endoplasmic Reticulum , Mitochondria , Vacuoles
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CELL COMPONENTS OR ORGANELLES- ITS DESCRIPTION OF STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS
(i) Nucleus: has an aspherical body which is covered by a double membrane which contains
hereditary materials, chromosome and genes often located in the cell,embedded in
cytoplasm
...
It stores hereditary information as it contains DNA inside chromosomes which takes part in
cell division
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It contains the DNA which stores genetic traits
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The inner
membrane is folded and the interior is filled with matrix
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It is the power house of the cell
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(iv) Vacuole: occupies a large central portion of plant cell
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The cell sal acts as a store house for many substances
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(v) Nucleolus: are dense structures within the nucleus
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(vi) Endoplasmic Reticulum: are membrane-like structures that form channels within the
cytoplasm
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(vii) Golgi Bodies: are series of disc-shaped sacs
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(viii) Chloroplasts: are large green organelles in plant cells
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It contains chlorophyll which aids photosynthesis in green plants
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They are sites for respiratory enzymes
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They are responsible for protein synthesis
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It provides protection, shape and mechanical support for the cell
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It plays a great role in selective absorption of materials
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(xiii) Centrioles: are two small granules near nucleus of animal cells from which flagella or
cilia arise
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They may also serve as basal body
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They store starch for the cell
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Shape: Plant cell has a rectangular and definite shape, Animal cell has a spherical and no
definite shape
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Flexible Cell membrane: Plant cell absent, Animal cell present
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Stores lipid: Plant cell stores lipids at oil, Animal cell stores lipids as fat
...
Centrosomes and Centriole: Plant cell absent, Animal cell present
Title: The Cell
Description: Classification of cells Structure of a cell Similarities and Differences between plant cell and animal cell
Description: Classification of cells Structure of a cell Similarities and Differences between plant cell and animal cell