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The digestive system is a complex network of organs and tissues in the human body that is
responsible for breaking down food and extracting nutrients from it
...
The first stage of digestion is the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food in the mouth
...
The chewing process breaks down
food into smaller pieces, which are mixed with saliva and moistened to form a soft ball called a
bolus
...
The bolus is then passed down the esophagus to the stomach through a process called peristalsis
...
The lower esophageal sphincter muscle opens to allow the food to enter the stomach, where it is
mixed with gastric juices to form a partially digested mixture called chyme
...
Gastric juices contain
hydrochloric acid and pepsin, which kill bacteria and help to break down proteins into smaller
peptides
...
The mixture is then released into the small intestine in small amounts over several
hours
...
The walls of the
small intestine are lined with small finger-like projections called villi, which increase the surface area
for absorption
...
After passing through the small intestine, the remaining undigested food and waste products are
passed into the large intestine
...
The feces are stored in the rectum until they are eliminated from the
body through the anus
...
These hormones are produced in response to various stimuli and stimulate or
inhibit the production of digestive juices and the contractions of the digestive muscles
...
These include the salivary glands, liver,
pancreas, and gallbladder
...
Bile is released into the small intestine
when fatty foods are present, where it helps to emulsify fats and make them easier to digest
...
In conclusion, the digestive system is a complex and interrelated system of organs and tissues that
work together to break down food, extract nutrients, and eliminate waste from the body