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Gene Silencing
Contents
• Introduction
• Transcriptional Gene Silencing: Genomic
Imprinting , Paramutation, Position Effect,RNA
directed DNA methylation, Transposon
Silencing
...
• Gene Silencing is a technique that aims to
reduce or eliminate the production of a protein
from its corresponding gene
...
• Gene silencing is same as gene knock down but
is totally different from gene knock out
...
...
)
Genomic Imprinting
• Genomic Imprinting
occurs when a gene
inherited from either
the father or the
mother has been
permanently inactive
in that parent and
passed on to
offspring in same
inactivated condition
Paramutation
• Paramutation is an interaction between two
alleles of a single locus, resulting in heritable
change of one allele that is induced by other
allele
...
Position effect
• Position effect is the effect on the expression of a
gene when its location in a chromosome is
changed, often by translocation
...
RNA Directed DNA methylation
• RNA-directed DNA methylation is an
epigenetic process first elucidated in plants
whereby small double stranded RNAs are
processed to guide methlyation to
complementary DNA loci
...
Post transcriptional gene silencing
• The ability of exogenous or sometimes
endogenous RNA to suppress the expression of
the gene which corresponds to the mRNA
sequence
...
• First evidence came from studies on nematode
Caenorhabiditis elegans
...
The
siRNA unwinds
...
The target mRNA is effectively
cleaved and subsequently
degraded- resulting in gene
silencing
...
• NMD is triggered by
exon junction complexes
(EJCs) that ared
deposited during premRNA processing
...
• This technology is widely
used in plants for gene
inhibition
...
• Cancer treatments
• RNA interference has been used for
applications in biotechnology, particularly in
the engineering of food plants that produce
lower levels of natural plant toxins
...
• Molecular diagnosis (clinical applications)
• Many drugs are based on RNA i