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Concordia college DHA
1st year notes
Plot and its elements
Usman khan

Plot
Plot is a chain of connected events in a story or play
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Elements of plot
1) Exposition \ Introduction
The exposition is the introduction to the story
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2) Rising action

In rising action, the story becomes complicated
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3)

Climax

Turning point of the story
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The most action, drama, change, and excitement occurs here
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4) Falling action
Resolution begins; events and complications start to fall into place
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5)

Denouement or Resolution

Final outcome of events in the story; the resolution is the end of the story and it brings the story to
its happy or tragic ending
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Conflict
The conflict is the primary problem that drives the plot of the story, often a main goal for the main
character to achieve or overcome
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There are two types of conflict:
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Internal-

Struggle within one's self
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Self - Struggles with own soul, physical limitations, choices, etc
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• Character vs
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• Character vs
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• Character vs
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Conflict related guess question in paper
Playwrights often create conflicting characters whose struggle provides
for the crisis or tension in the play
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Answer: Conflicting characters are the engine of a storyline of any work of
fiction that drive the story forward
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Conflict, both internal and external, comes from contradictory

warring traits inside the characters such as fear versus ambition, and contradiction
as a result of a clash between two external and powerful wills pitted against each
other
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Others remain stubborn until
they succeed or die
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John Ervine establishes basic conflict
between two ideas-the point of view of the war mongering arm dealers
(represented through the character of Proof
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Meldon)
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The conflict finally resolves (with a little violence) in favour of the peace lovers
(represented by Mrs
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Corrie
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THEME
Theme is the main point of the story
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Types
1) Universal theme

A universal theme is one that is timeless, and that all people can relate to
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g
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E
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Theme related guess question in paper
Recall the theme of a play you have read and explain whether it is of
individual or universal significance
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I have read the play “Progress” which has a universal theme
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It signifies that we should not favour war and weapons of mass
destruction as it causes destruction to mankind on a large scale
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Basically the play is
written after World War I which had perished a number of families all over the
world
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In the play “Progress” Professor Corrie has invented a formula which will make
war in future over in a few hours
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Blinded by the lust for money, Professor Corrie forgot all about
humanity and peace of the world
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Meldon wants her brother to destroy his formula only to
save humanity
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Character
There are two meanings for "character": 1) a person in a fictional story; or 2) qualities of a
person
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It is
usually the hero and driving force of the story
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E
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MRS MELDON( PROGRESS PLAY)
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Antagonist - Opposition or "ethe nemy" of main character
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g Professor Carrie (progress play)

• Round -Vs Flat
The clear differences between round vs
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2) A round character is unpredictable, whereas a flat character’s actions are not surprising or
shocking
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4) A round character is difficult to describe, whereas a flat character can be summed up in a
sentence
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Round character Example: Both Mrs Meldon and proffessor
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• Static - Character does not go through a change

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