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Entrepreneurship
Concept of Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship is the ability and readiness to develop, organize and run a business enterprise,
along with any of its uncertainties in order to make a profit
...

In economics, entrepreneurship connected with land, labour, natural resources and capital can
generate a profit
...

Meaning of Entrepreneur
The entrepreneur is defined as someone who has the ability and desire to establish, administer and
succeed in a startup venture along with risk entitled to it, to make profits
...
The entrepreneurs are often known as a
source of new ideas or innovators, and bring new ideas in the market by replacing old with a new
invention
...
In economics, the profits
that an entrepreneur makes is with a combination of land, natural resources, labour and capital
...

4 Types of Entrepreneurship
1
...
These people run or own their own business and hire family members or local
employee
...
They fund their business by taking small business loans or loans
from friends and family
...
Large Company EntrepreneurshipThese huge companies have defined life-cycle
...
The change in
technology, customer preferences, new competition, etc
...
To cope with
the rapid technological changes, the existing organisations either buy innovation enterprises or
attempt to construct the product internally
...
Social EntrepreneurshipThis type of entrepreneurship focuses on producing product and services that resolve social needs
and problems
...
Their
only motto and goal is to work for society and not make any profits
...

4
...
They attract investors who think
and encourage people who think out of the box
...
They require more venture
capital to fuel and back their project or business
...
This can include creating strategies to
provide exceptional customer experiences during the purchase or use of the product
...
A few of them are mentioned below:


Ability to take a risk- Starting any new venture involves a considerable amount of failure risk
...




Innovation- It should be highly innovative to generate new ideas, start a company and earn
profits out of it
...




Visionary and Leadership quality- To be successful, the entrepreneur should have a clear
vision of his new venture
...
Here, leadership quality is paramount because leaders impart and
guide their employees towards the right path of success
...
For example, Paytm recognised the gravity of demonetization and
acknowledged the need for online transactions would be more, so it utilised the situation
and expanded massively during this time
...

To be on the top, a businessperson should be equipped to embrace change in a product and
service, as and when needed
...
It is essential to know if the available product or service
meets the demands of the current market, or whether it is time to tweak it a little
...


Process/Steps involved in Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship is the act and art of being an entrepreneur or one who undertakes innovations or
introducing new things, finance and business acumen in an effort to transform innovations into
economic goods
...
In
more recent times, the term entrepreneurship has been extended to include elements not
necessarily related to business formation activity, but it also includes specific forms of social
entrepreneurship, political entrepreneurship, or knowledge entrepreneurship
...
This entrepreneurial process is to be
followed, again and again, whenever any new venture is taken up by an entrepreneur, therefore, it is
an everending process
...
Search for a new Idea – An entrepreneurial process begins with the idea generation, wherein the
entrepreneur identifies and evaluates the business opportunities before him/her
...
Preliminary assessment of Idea – The identification and the evaluation of opportunities is a
difficult task, therefore, an entrepreneur seeks inputs from all the persons including employees,
consumers, channel partners, technical people, etc
...

Once the opportunity is decided, the next step is to evaluate it
...
Detailed analysis of promising Idea – An entrepreneur can evaluate the efficiency of an
opportunity by continuously asking certain questions such as, whether the opportunity is worthy of
investing, its attractiveness, proposed solutions feasibility, chances of competitive advantage &
various risks associated with it etc
...

4
...

5
...
Here, the entrepreneur finds the investors for its new venture and the personnel to carry
out the business activities
...
Determining size of unit – On the basis of the ability to manage resources, the entrepreneur
determines the initial size of the business and the possibilities of expansion
...
Deciding location of Business & Planning Layout – This is a significant decision
...

8
...

9
...
If
he/she is mission-driven entrepreneur, it must be remembered that building a truly great company
is a marathon, not a sprint
...
Managing the Company – Once the funds are raised and the employees are hired, the next step
is to initiate the business operations to achieve the set goals
...

11
...

Here, the actual growth is compared against the planned growth and then the decision regarding the
stability or the expansion of business operations are taken
...
Initiating and leading business activities

Initiating and growing a business to its maturity is a traditional role for entrepreneurs
...
This business idea can provide either services or products that would benefit the community
...
They must understand every aspect of the business, including making critical
decisions, setting a good example for employees and resolving conflicts
...
Allocating employees' duties
From the onset of a business, an entrepreneur needs to allocate their employees' responsibilities
effectively
...
An entrepreneur is also responsible for organizing a business structure and environment
that helps each employee maximize their potential
...

Therefore, defining your team's role and responsibilities is a vital entrepreneurial role to exercise for
maximum business productivity
...

3
...
An entrepreneur's role in this aspect
is to anticipate any challenges and address them as quickly as possible
...

4
...
Entrepreneurs consider factors such as who oversees processes and who can fulfill
administrative tasks
...

5
...
They
identify which product to add and which market to expand to
...

By doing a little competitive analysis, an entrepreneur can find out what other businesses in the area
are doing and how they are succeeding
...
Talking to customers also makes it easier to identify
their frustrations and experiences, which an entrepreneur can use to improve their business
...
Creating and sharing wealth
Starting a business involves a network of activities
...
Investors often look forward to investing in small but
potentially viable businesses, while lenders grow their own businesses by earning interest from
capital extended to entrepreneurs
...

7
...
These living standards can improve through the
developments or services that an entrepreneur brings through their business
...

When people save money by acquiring a product at a cheaper price, they can use the savings for
other purposes
...

8
...
An entrepreneur's role is to eliminate the risk of business failure by taking measures
to reduce as much risk as possible
...

9
...
Generating and closing new business leads is an essential entrepreneurial
skill
...
Creating strategic partnerships can help
entrepreneurs make better decisions for their company and even obtain more capital
...
Digitalizing business operations
Because technology evolves so quickly, a business product or service can be rendered obsolete due
to new technology's entry
...

Entrepreneur roles regarding technology include:
Researching the most recent methods of reducing production cost
Disposing of equipment that is not improving profitability
Organizing training for staff to help them familiarize themselves with the latest technological
programs in the market to improve efficiency
Using the most popular and recent marketing medium to ensure you reach your target group
Importance of Entrepreneurship:



Creation of Employment- Entrepreneurship generates employment
...




Innovation- It is the hub of innovation that provides new product ventures, market,
technology and quality of goods, etc
...




Impact on Society and Community Development- A society becomes greater if the
employment base is large and diversified
...
Therefore, entrepreneurship assists the organisation towards a more
stable and high quality of community life
...
The standard of living means, increase in the consumption
of various goods and services by a household for a particular period
...
Therefore, an entrepreneur also dispenses finance for
research and development with research institutions and universities
...


Entrepreneurship in Indian Society:
In India, there is a peculiar Joint Family Structure, which has been a source of success of many Indian
businesses
...
That success
will continue, only if the reforms continue and if the risks that could derail the growth due to
terrorism, political corruption, stalled reforms and growth that focuses only on the urban rich, are
tackled well by the Government
...
Under this structure,
generations lived and worked together under one roof
...
In the structure, businesses and families
were intertwined though they were also distinct entities with separate rules
...
Prior to the decade of 90s, Indian
business success was a function of ambition, licenses, government contacts, and an understanding of
the bureaucratic system
...
During this era, entrepreneurship was subdued, capital was limited and India had very
few success stories
...
Family businesses, which dominated Indian markets, then faced
competition from multinationals, which boasted of superior technology, financial strength and
deeper managerial resources
...
He introduced the concept
of entrepreneurship
...
to put is in other words, a

businessman follows a set path engraved by some other person with an unoriginal idea, whereas an
entrepreneur thinks and believes in making his own path with new ideas
...
However, between businessman and
entrepreneur, there is a thin line difference businessman is a market player, whereas, the
entrepreneur is a market leader
...

Who is a Businessman?
A businessman is an individual who operates or starts a business with the same old business idea
...
The firm faces stiff competition because many companies already exist in the market having
the same business ideas
...

Innovations and Concepts
Businesses today face the need to use technology to modernise their existing products and services,
or to create totally new ones
...


Innovation
What is innovation?
Innovation refers to an individual or organization creating new ideas, such as new products,
workplace processes and upgrades to existing services or products
...
Implementing innovative ideas can help a business become a successful
organization in its industry
...
Innovation means developing original concepts and is a driver of reimaging
business
...

Innovation is often misunderstood as mere ideation
...
What most companies struggle with is converting ideas into value propositions and taking
them to market, in other words, innovation in their go-to-market products or customer offerings
...
It could be a process of
tactical ‘tinkering’, i
...
continuous process of identifying problems and solving them at an
operational and delivery level
...
One way to do
this is to leverage modern technology and prepare prototypes and data analytics to get insights
...
More importantly, there
needs to be a culture of continuous improvement and experimentation, based on the insights we
derive, to provide better experiences for internal and external customers
...

Innovation leadership and culture
To realise innovation, leaders should be open-minded and collaborative
...
Innovative leaders are
curious and are optimistic since they dare to take risks
...
Therefore, it is important to create
an organisational culture which embraces creativity and openness when suggesting new ideas
...
Those ideas which do not have the required business potential need to be terminated quickly
and those with commercial potential should be immediately put forward to the next development
phase
...

The aim of concept design is to illustrate how to turn an idea into scalable and pragmatic business
opportunities
...

When properly conducted, concept design provides valuable and business-driven specifications to
source, develop and deliver new services
...
Therefore, concept design follows the design
thinking principles by first enriching the idea during brainstorming sessions and then rooting to
reality during proofing sessions
...
The process produces high quality input for demand management to be
developed further into a ready-made service
...


This end-to-end process should be supported by data analytics in order to validate and increase the
potential outcome of the ideation and design phases
...
Ideation can be people, process and data-driven
...

Data-enhanced ideation requires systematic data analytics that allows the discovery of useful
information to be used for data analysis-based innovation
...

The process of designing concepts is crucial as it efficiently translates initial business needs or ideas
into accurate concepts
...
Deepening the commitment level, i
...

spending more time and getting more people engaged at each phase, supports the fail fast – scale
fast strategy
...
It
describes the change for the business and how to bring an idea to a tangible product, resulting in
business benefits
...


Innovation management process dashboard
One important aspect of the innovation management process is to measure and communicate how
much business value has been created and how many ideas have been developed and rejected
...
The key measurement is the realised business value in terms of
business revenue or a similar realistic metric
...

Typically, companies have two alternative ways of deciding how to allocate money for innovations:
1
...

2
...

No matter which financial strategy is selected, it is important to set the metrics to measure the
business benefits realisation throughout the service lifecycle
...
Chapter 4
...

Why is innovative entrepreneurship important?
It's important to have innovative entrepreneurship to identify new trends and market demand
...
For a business
to adapt to new trends in its industry, it may continue to create innovative products, services or
updated brand development to stay relevant
...
Personality traits for a successful innovative entrepreneur can include:
1
...
Innovative entrepreneurs should be patient with

all processes involving entrepreneurship, including pitching new ideas, designing new ideas and
revising ideas after receiving critique from peers
...
They're proactive: Proactive individuals often attempt to find a solution to financial or
organizational challenges using innovative ideas in their business model or products
...
Examples of being proactive can
include taking additional courses to develop skills, creating solutions to obstacles before they occur
and asking for feedback to improve their ideas
...
They're excellent communicators: Entrepreneurs use communication skills to inform companies of
innovation ideas and distribute plans to all employees working on a product
...

4
...
Challenges can include market changes or new research on
global issues
...

5
...
Entrepreneurs usually can adapt to these
changes to update products so the product can still be competitive in its market
...
Startups are founded by one
or more entrepreneurs who want to develop a product or service for which they believe there is
demand
...

Understanding Startups
Startups are companies or ventures that are focused on a single product or service that the
founders want to bring to market
...
Most of
these companies are initially funded by their founders
...
Silicon Valley is known for its strong venture capitalist community and is a popular
destination for startups, but is also widely considered the most demanding arena
...
Market
research helps determine the demand for a product or service, while a comprehensive business
plan outlines the company's mission statement, vision, and goals, as well as management and
marketing strategies
...
We've listed some of the most common ones below:
1
...
And it's often one of the most important considerations
for anyone starting up in the business world
...
The location depends on the product or
service being offered
...

2
...
A sole proprietorship is suited
for a founder who is also the key employee of a business
...
Personal liability can be reduced by registering a startup as a limited
liability company (LLC)
...
Funding
Startups often raise funds by turning to family and friends or by using venture capitalists
...
Crowdfunding has become a
viable way for many people to get access to the cash they need to move forward in the business
process
...

Startups may use credit to commence their operations
...
This option carries the most risk, particularly if the startup
is unsuccessful
...
Banks typically
have several specialized options available for small businesses—a microloan is a short-term, lowinterest product tailored for startups
...

Advantages and Disadvantages of Startups
There are a variety of advantages to working for a startup
...
As startups have fewer employees than large, established companies, employees
tend to wear many hats, working in a variety of roles, which leads to more responsibility as well as
opportunities to learn
...
Startups tend to also have
better workplace benefits, such as nurseries for children, free food, and shorter workweeks
...

One of the primary disadvantages of a startup is increased risk
...
New businesses need to prove themselves and raise capital before they
can start turning a profit
...
The risk of
shutting down or not having enough capital to continue operations before turning a profit is everpresent
...
This can lead to high-stress moments and sometimes compensation that isn't
commensurate with the hours worked
...

Pros







More opportunities to learn
Increased responsibility
Flexibility
Workplace benefits
Innovation is encouraged
Flexible hours

Cons





Risk of failure
Having to raise capital
High stress
Competitive business environment

Examples of Startups
Dotcoms were a common startup in the 1990s
...

Unfortunately, most of these internet startups eventually went bust due to major flaws in their
business plans, such as lacking a path to sustainable revenue
...
Amazon (AMZN) and eBay (EBAY) are just two examples
...
That's why this initial period is
important
...
Many of today's most successful companies—Microsoft (MSFT), Apple (AAPL), and
Meta (FB), formerly Facebook, to name a few—began as startups and ended up becoming publicly
traded companies
...
From there, market research is the next
step to determine how feasible the idea is and what the current marketplace looks like for your
idea
...

One of the most important steps is obtaining funding
...
After raising funding, make sure you've done all the correct legal and
paperwork
...

After this, establish a business location
...

How Do You Get a Startup Business Loan?
A startup can obtain a loan from a bank, certain organizations, or friends and family
...
S
...
The average SBA loan is $13,000 and the max loan amount
is $50,000
...
1
What Are the Benefits of Working for a Startup?
The benefits of working at a startup include greater opportunities to learn, increased responsibility,
flexible work hours, a relaxed work environment, increased employee interaction, good workplace
benefits, and innovation
...
Startups also don't generate profits or even revenue for a few years after starting
...
Some of the
best ways to value a startup include the cost to duplicate, market multiples, discounted cash flow,
and valuation by stage
...
Having a great idea and
attempting to bring it to market comes with a host of challenges, such as attracting capital,
employees, marketing, legal work, and managing finances
...


CMAT-2021 Actual Questions
Slot-1:
Instructions: For the following questions answer them individually
Question 1
...
R
...
TATA?
A) My Times: An Autobiography
B) Beyond the Last Blue Mountain
C) Ace Against Odds
D) Wings of Fire
Answer: B
Question 2
...
India’s first live Payments Bank was launched by
A) Aditya Birla Idea
B) Cholamandalam
C) Bharti Airtel
D) Paytm
Answer: C
Question 4
...
Which city is ranked as one of the world’s five fastest growing startup cities?
A) Cochin
B Ahmedabad
C) Bangalore
D) Nagpur
Answer: C
Question 6
...
7 to Q
...
Specifically
...
Such self-help
networks, which encourage and support ethnic minority entrepreneurs, consist of “primary”
institutions, those closest to the individual in shaping his or her behavior and beliefs
...
They form an intermediate social level between the individual and larger “secondary”
institutions based on impersonal relationships
...
and neighborhood or community subgroups
...
Most scholars agree that minority business owners have depended
primarily on family funds and ethnic community resources for investment capital
...
Additional loans and gifts from
relatives, forthcoming because of group obligation rather than narrow investment calculation, have
supplemented personal savings
...
They may actually avoid
banks because they assume that commercial institutions either cannot comprehend the special
needs of minority enterprise or charge unreasonably high interest rates
...
These associations are
informal clubs of friends and other trusted members of the ethnic group who make regular
contributions to a fund that is given to each contributor in rotation
...
However, recent immigrants and third or fourth generations of older
groups now employ rotating credit associations only occasionally to raise investment funds
...
The first Black-operated banks were created in the late nineteenth century as depositories
for dues) collected from fraternal or lodge groups
...
Black banks made limited investments in other Black enterprises
...
They, in turn, provided work for many Irish home-building contractor
firms
...
(The passage taken from Book/News/Opensource)
Question 7
...
The passage best supports which of the following statements?
A) A minority entrepreneur who had no assistance from family members would not be able to start
a business
B) Self-help networks have been effective in helping entrepreneurs primarily in the last 50 years
C) Minority groups have developed a range of alternatives to standard financing of business
ventures
D) Successful minority-owned businesses succeed primarily because of the personal strengths of
their founders
Answer: C
Question 9
...
loan
Answer: A
Question 10
...
According to the passage the sociological analysis contends that
A) Minority business ownership is a group-level phenomenon, in that it is largely dependent upon
social-group resources for its development

B) Minority business ownership is not a group-level phenomenon, in that it is largely dependent
upon social-group resources for its development
C) Minority business ownership is an individual phenomenon, in that it is not dependent upon
social-group resources for its development
D) Minority business ownership is an individual phenomenon, in that it is independent of socialgroup resources for its development
Answer: A
Question 12
...
Based on the information in the passage, it would be least likely for which of the
following persons to be part of a self-help network?
A) The entrepreneur's childhood friend
B) The entrepreneur's aunt
C) The entrepreneur's religious leader
D) The entrepreneur's banker
Answer: D
Question 14
...
According to the passage that traditional analyses of minority business would be least
likely to do which of the following?
A) Examine businesses primarily in their social contexts
B) Focus on current, rather than historical, examples of business enterprises
C) Focus on the maintenance of businesses, rather than means of starting them
D) Focus on the role of individual entrepreneurs in starting a business
Answer: A
Instructions: For the following questions answer them individually
Question 16
...
A recently registered enterprise started first time the business of online food delivery
services using drones in its locality
...
Which of the following is not one of the traits of an entrepreneur?
A) Opportunity Exploration
B) Perseverance
C) External locus of control
D) Risk Taking

Answer: C
Question 19
...
Which of the following describes a mission statement of start up?
A) It describes the viability of the business
B) It provides direction and purpose for the start up
C) It should be written as the first step in developing a business plan
D) All of the above
Answer: B
Question 21
...
_____ grants the holder the right to exclude others from making, selling, using or
offering for sale or importing the invention
...
Innovation management involves managing
A) People
B) Ideas
C) Information
D) All of the above
Answer: D
Question 24
...

A) Human Resource
B) Business
C) Economic
D) Operational
Answer: B
Question 25
...
Someone legally appointed to sell off the assets of a bankrupt firm is called
A) An Auctioneer
B) A Liquidator
C) A Terminator

D) An advocate
Answer: B
Question 2
...
The term bootstrapping is often associated with
A) Start-ups
B) Venture Capital Funds
C) Financial institutions
D) Non-Financial Institutions
Answer: A
Question 4
...
A startup defined as an entity that is headquartered in India, which was opened less
than 10 years ago, and has an annual turnover less than
A) Rs
...
100 crore
C) Rs
...
1 crore

Answer: B
Question 6
...
7 to Q
...

What advice would I give to new entrepreneurs who need funding? Forget about your business
plan and buy a lottery ticket — your chances are better
...
In other words,
funding comes just when you do not need it
...
If that does not work, you knock on the door of angel investors
...
If venture capitalists do respond and you are invited to
present your idea, the process will drag on for many months while you borrow more and survive on
hope
...
To be fair, most business plans do not deserve funding
...
Everyone jumps on the same new trend, or the ideas are so far out that they have no
chance of success
...
It is hard for even the best venture capitals to identify the
potential successes
...
Focus on validating your idea and
building it up
...
And
be prepared to dip into your savings and credit cards, obtain second mortgages, and perhaps look
for consulting work or customer advances
...
Here are some pointers: Consult widely
...
You can learn a lot from the experience of
seasoned entrepreneurs, and they are much more approachable than you think
...
This
may be time to reflect deeply and come up with another
...
Speak to anyone who
can help you understand your target customers
...
Customers do not usually know
what they want, but they always know what they do not need
...
Start small
...
Look for simple solutions, test them and learn
from the feedback
...
If you are creating a
software product, learn by doing some consulting assignments or create some utilities
...
Watch every penny
...
Find creative ways to earn cash by selling tactical products, prepaid licenses or
royalties
...
Look for access to free hardware or premises
...
In short, use any methods to avoid costs
...
It is
going to take longer than you think
...
You may even fail a number of times before
you achieve your goals
...
Keep your integrity
...
Ethics need to be carefully sewn into the fabric of any start-up
...
With a lot of luck and
hard work you may build a successful company that markets products customers really want
...
This is the time to
think of exit strategies and decide if you want to own a small piece of a big pie or a large piece of a
small pie
...
“a marketable product” as mentioned in the passage signifies:
A) A product that appeals to buyers and sell at a certain price range to generate profit
B) A product that appeals to investors and help them get their money back
C) A product whose market value is increasing continuously and becoming difficult for buyers to
buy the same
D) A product that is appreciated by the media houses and earn revenue from advertisements
Answer: A
Question 8
...
“Exit strategies”, as mentioned in the passage, signifies:
A) An entrepreneur's strategic plan to sell his or her ownership in a company to investors or
another company
B) An entrepreneur's strategic plan to execute the daily plan for his/her business
C) An entrepreneur's strategic plan to conduct exit interviews for employees who plan to leave
D) An entrepreneur's strategic plan to analyse market and exit from one product to another

Answer: A
Question 10
...
Share your ideas with entrepreneurs
...
According to the given passage which of the following is NOT a correct statement?
A) Ethics need to be carefully sewn into the fabric of any start-up
B) Share your ideas with those who have done it before
C) It also shows that the phenomenon is heterogeneous
D) In other words, funding comes just when you do not need it
Answer: C
Question 12
...
It is hard for even the best venture capitals to identify the potential successes
...
Focus on validating your idea and building it up
...
What are the two business ideas that are shared in the passage as examples?
A) Starting a school and creating a web portal for selling grocery
B) Starting a clothing store and creating a web portal for house hold services
C) Starting a hospital and manufacturing a product

D) Starting a restaurant and creating a software product
Answer: D
Question 14
...
Which of the following advices are given by the writer in this passage?
A) Make sure that you have enough money before you start your business
B) Make sure you have secured an educational degree before you start your business
C) Make sure that there is a real need for your product
...
The legal term for brand is :
A) Patent
B) Licence
C) Trademark
D) None of the above
Answer: C
Question 17
...
Entrepreneurial intent is linked to:
A) Personality-traits and the likelihood that an individual would set up a new venture
B) High rewards and low risks
C) Tapping opportunities and seeking recognition
D) Managing resources and family context
Answer: A
Question 19
...
Market segments should compromise of customers who:
A) Share similarities
B) Do not share similarities
C) Have bought the productor service previously
D) Have not bought the productor service previously
Answer: A
Question 21
...

B) Market description
C) Administrative aspects of the business
D) Business suppliers

Answer: A
Question 22
...
Among the barriers to entering an industry are:
A) Patents
B) Switching costs
C) Status symbols
D) All of the above
Answer: A
Question 24
...
A word, symbol, name, or device that a business uses to identify its goods and
distinguish itself from others is called a
A) Trade Mark
B) Brand
C) Asset
D) Trade Secret

Answer: A

Sample Questions
CMAT 2022: Innovation and Entrepreneurship
1
...
The entrepreneur was distinguished from capital provider in:
a) Middleages
b) 17th century
c) 18th century
d) 19th and 20th century
3
...
Family business always interested to handover the change of his business to:
a) Indian Administration Officers
b) Professional Managers
c) Next generation
d) None of the above
5
...
A Micro Enterprise is an enterprise where investment in plant and machinery does not exceed
(According to MSMED Act, 2006):
a) Rs
...
20 Lakh
c) Rs
...
30 Lakh
7
...
Which one of the following is the next stage to the Concept Stage of Product Planning and
Development Process:
a) Idea Stage
b) Product Planning Stage
c) Product Development Stage
d) Test Marketing Stage
9
...
An individual who initiates, creates and manages a new business can be called ____________
...
Which could provide an individual with the motivation to start a new business venture?
a) The financial rewards
...

c) Risk taking
d) All the above
...
Why are small businesses important to a country’s economy?
a) They give an outlet for entrepreneurs
...

c) They can be innovators of new products
...

13
...

a) ICICI
...

c) SFC
...

14
...

a) Industrial finance corporation of India
...


c) Industrial funding corporation of India
...

15
...

a) Capital Intensive
...

c) Product Intensive
...

16
...

a) Development Rebate
b) Investment Allowance
c) Rehabilitation Allowance
d) Tax Holiday
17
...

a) A leader
b) A manager
c) A professional
d) An entrepreneur
18
...

b) They can provide specialist support to larger companies
...

d) All the above
...
As a business grows, time management continues to be an issue, but the entrepreneur’s major
concern usually becomes:

a) Setting goals
b) Finding, retaining, and motivating qualified employees
c) Measuring performance
...

20
...

a) An intrapreneur
b) A corporate entrepreneur
...

d) None of the above
...
Idea of new product is tested in potential consumers to determine consumer acceptance at
_________ stage
...

b) Product development
...

d) Commercialization
...
Which one of the following describes unemployment?
a) The number of people who voluntarily choose not to work
...

c) The number of people who are not actively seeking work
...

23
...

b) Management competencies
...


d) Personal attributes
...
The purpose of soft loan scheme is to encourage units to undertake ___________
...

b) Replacement of plant and machinery
...

d) All the above
25
...

a) A long-term assistance
...

d) A short-term assistance
...
____________ is primarily concerned with the identification of the project demand potential
and
the selection of the optimal technology
...
Promoter is a person who ________
...

b) Is a director
...

d) Works to publicity to the company
...
Which of the following is not an aspect of appraisal of term loans by commercial banks?
a) Financial
b) Technical feasibility
...

d) Societal feasibility
...
The application for registration of a small scale unit should be submitted to the _______
...

b) Director, DIC
...
NSIC
...

30
...

a) Programmed decisions
...

c) Routine decisions
...

31
...

a) Techno-economic analysis
...

c) Input analysis
...

32
...

a) Manufacturing industries
...

c) Service Industries
...


33
...

a) Economic viability
...

c) Technical feasibility
...
Decisions taken by an entrepreneur on behalf of his enterprise are known as _________
...

b) Personal decisions
...

d) Strategic decisions
35
...

a) Organizational decisions
...

c) Routine decisions
d) Strategic decisions
...
______________ may be defined as the excess of present value of project cash inflows over
that of out flows
...

b) Average rate of return
...

d) Internal rate of return
37
...


a) Project formulation
...

c) Project appraisal
...

38
...

a) Network
b) Scheduling technique
...

d) Network Diagram
39
...

a) Techno-economic analysis
...

c) Input analysis
...

40
...

a) Development Rebate
...

c) Rehabilitation Allowance
d) Tax Holiday
41
...

a) Capital Intensive
b) Labour Intensive
...

d) Market Intensive
...
_____________ can be defined as a specifically evolved work plan densed to achieve a specific
objective within a specific period of time
...

b) Opportunity Scanning
...

d) Strategy
...
EDPs course contents contain ___________
...

b) Motivation training
...

d) All the above
44
...

a) Declining
...

c) Stable
...

45
...

a) Marketing channels
...

c) Monopolies
...

46
...


a) An administrator
...

c) An auditor
...
Why should an entrepreneur do a feasibility study for starting a new venture?
a) To identify possible sources of funds
b) To see if there are possible barriers to success
c) To estimate the expected sales
d) To explore potential customers
48
...

a) Financial advisors
...

c) Industrial estates
...

49
...

a) Line of Business
...

d) Loss of Balance
50
...

a) In each district
...

c) Only in selected districts
...

51
...
The time period between placing an order its receipt in stock is known as:
a) Lead time
b) Carrying time
c) Shortage time
d) Over time
53
...
The cash and equivalents, inventories and accounts receivables are classified as
a) Assets on balance sheet
b) Liabilities on balance sheet
c) Earnings on income statement
d) Payments on income statement
55
...
According to accounting equation assets are equal to?
a) Liabilities
b) Liabilities and equities
c) Equities
d) None of these
57
...
Balance sheet is a statement which discloses an organization’s
a) assets
b) liabilities
c) owner’s equity
d) all of these
59
...
Which of the following is a financial asset?
a) Inventories
b) Equipment
c) Loan to an associate
d) Accounts receivable

61
...
When does an accountant record a transaction?
a) If it is materialized by a concrete document
b) if it has a tax implication
c) on Manager’s demand
d) None of these
63
...
Earnings are the result of the difference between
a) revenue and assets
b) revenue and liabilities
c) liabilities and expenses
d) revenue and expenses
65
...
Financially, shareholders are rewarded by
a) interest
b) profits
c) dividends
d) none of these
67
...
Low cost, higher volume items requires:
a) No inspection
b) Little inspection
c) Intensive inspection
d) 100% inspection
69
...
A six sigma process has defect level below ______ defects per million opportunities
...
4
b) 4
...
6
d) 6
...
The objective of ISO-9000 family of Quality management is:
a) Customer satisfaction
b) Employee satisfaction
c) Skill enhancement
d) Environmental issues
72
...

a) Waste
b) No material
c) Breakdown
d) All of the above
73
...

a) Job design
b) Training & development
c) Wage revision
d) All of the above
74
...
The process is in control
a) Workers are motivated
b) Product meets specification
c) Quality problems are solved
d) Supplier quality is acceptable
75
...
Centralized and decentralized are the types of:
a) Routing
b) Dispatching
c) Scheduling
d) Follow up
77
...

a) Project
b) Process
c) Project management
d) Project cycle
78
...
Developing a technology is an example of
a) Process
b) Project
c) Scope
d) All of the above
80
...
Following is(are) the responsibility(ies) of the project manager
...
Following are the phases of Project Management Life Cycle
...
Design,
2
...
Analysis and evaluation,
4
...
Design phase consist of
a) Input received
b) Output received
c) Both (A) and (B)
d) None of the above
84
...
Five dimensions that must be managed on a project
a) Constraint, Quality, Cost, Schedule, Staff
b) Features, Quality, Cost, Schedule, Staff
c) Features, priority, Cost, Schedule, Staff
d) Features, Quality, Cost, Schedule, customer
86
...

a) 40 to 55%
b) 55 to 70%
c) 70 to 80%
d) 80 to 95%
87
...
As a seller, what other document can be used
in this place:
a) Work breakdown structure
b) Project scope
c) Contract
d) Internal memo
88
...
In regard to making
those assumptions, which one of the following is most true for project planning purposes?
a) The assumptions will be considered as true, real, or certain
...

c) Project assumptions are based upon historical data used for the project
...

89
...
What is an example of this methodology?
a) Standard forms or templates
...
The engineer of the project in the planning phase and makes a significant contribution to the
technical scope
...
In a program or project plan, there are always revisions to account for new or missing data
...

92
...
What is considered one of
the most important steps in closing the project?
a) Insuring that plans are produced to implement the project by phases
...

c) Transition the lease of equipment to the owner

d) Satisfying the contractual obligations
93
...

b) Milestones
c) Deliverables
d) Life cycles
94
...
The Scope Management Plan is included in which of the following documents
...
Milestones established by the customer must be adhered to by:
a) Project manager
b) Functional managers
c) The customer
d) Both a and b
97
...
The decision to request an increase the resources for a project is the responsibility of the:
a) Functional manager
b) Project manager
c) Director of project management
d) Customer
99
...
To crash a schedule you should:
a) Increase the time allowed on those tasks that have float
...

c) Replace those worker that are not performing up to par with the busy
...

101
...

102
...
The successful project managers spend most of their time:
a) Planning with their personnel
b) Planning with the top management
c) Communication with the project team
d) Studying project results
104
...
Which type of project cost estimate is the most accurate?
a) Preliminary
b) Definitive
c) Order of magnitude
d) Conceptual
106
...
Which of the following is a direct project cost?
a) Lighting and heating for the corporate office
b) Workers Compensation insurance
c) Piping for an irrigation project
d) A and B
108
...
Measured quality of a manufactured product is :
a) Always constant
b) Continually decreasing
c) Subject to a certain amount of variation
d) Continually increasing
110
...
The primary components of the quality management function are :
a) quality planning
b) quality control and assurance
c) quantitative measurement

d) quantitative assessment of the project
e) a and b
112
...
Which of the following is a type of intangible business property that is protected by law:
a) Acreage
b) Inventory
c) Trademark
d) Equipment
114
...

b) partnership
...

d) corporation
...
Which of the following is one way that freedom in a private enterprise system is limited by
laws:
a) Certain occupations must be licensed
...

c) Specific pay scales are regulated
...


116
...

b) they do not have to pay payroll taxes
...

d) they pay only state and local taxes
...
Which of the following activities is an example of preparing before attempting to sell an idea:
a) Explaining solutions to audience needs
b) Determining the details of your idea
c) Overcoming objections from the audience
d) Affirming the audience’s decision to “buy”
118
...

b) The financial needs to start a new business depend on the nature of the venture
...

d) Equipment is the least expensive requirement for a startup business
...
If an entrepreneur obtains a commercial bank loan to finance a new venture, s/he is often
required to
a) provide collateral
...

c) relinquish contracts
...

120
...

b) location
...

d) industry
...
Small-business owners develop and use operating procedures so that everyday tasks are
performed in a(n) __________ way
...
Which of the following is an example of an intangible asset:
a) Equipment
b) Inventory
c) Office building
d) Accounts receivable
123
...
Ethan is conducting __________ analysis
...
What is the relationship between shareholders and the board of directors?
a) The shareholders pay dividends to the board of directors
...

c) The shareholders make decisions for the board of directors
...

125
...
A manufacturing company is required by the local government to dispose of its waste in an
environmentally safe way
...

a) human
b) regulatory
c) technological
d) natural
127
...

b) Estimated sales exceed actual sales
...

d) Accounts receivable are on target
...
How long from the date of inception will an entity be called as ‘startup’ in India?
a) Up to 5 years
b) Up to 7 years
c) Up to 10 years
d) Up to 12 years
129
...
For success of an entrepreneurial business, which of the following is required?
a) Vision
b) Strategy
c) Execution
d) All of the above
131
...
What could turn out to be risks of an entrepreneurial venture?
a) Product failure
b) Business failure
c) Concept failure
d) Any or all of the above
133
...
A working model of the start-up product is confirmed as meeting the specifications typically

in the:
a) Ideation stage
b) Prototyping stage
c) Testing stage
d) Marketing phase
135
...
The planned pathway to convert a vision into reality is called:
a) Strategy
b) Stage-gating
c) Tactics
d) Financing
137
...
For start-up success, the following must be a core competence:
a) Innovation and Creativity
b) Managing Government relations
c) Managing public relations

d) Managing banks
139
...
Choose the comprehensive answer for this question: Digital reinvention of customer service
processes is exemplified by:
a) Amazon
b) Swiggy
c) Shadi
...
Bitcoin is an example of:
a) Coin minting technology
b) Blockchain technology
c) Replacing currency notes by coins
d) None of the above
142
...
Which of the following frameworks is associated with start-up entrepreneurship, especially in
the phase of solution architecture, to a greater degree?

a) Product
b) Manufacturing process
c) Government
d) Design thinking
144
...
The value chain of a start-up firm tends to get built in reality based on:
a) Aspirations that the firm would like to have
b) Competencies that the firm builds
c) Emotions that bind the founders
d) The perceptions of investors
146
...
In the electric battery prototyping, which of the following technology factors could exert the
greatest influence?
a) Materials
b) Automobile shape
c) Machining
d) Assembly

148
...
Before embarking on an entrepreneurial journey, one must be introspective about:
a) Others’ entrepreneurial successes role models
b) One’s own entrepreneurial passion and capability
c) Others’ professional successes
d) None of the above
150
...
Name a “psychic benefit” commonly felt by successful entrepreneurs:
a) A belief that they are differentiated and distinctive
b) The physical evidence of revenues
c) The physical evidence of market share
d) None of the above
152
...

153
...

(c) Believes that success or failure depends on his/her team actions
...

154
...

155
...
Many entrepreneurs choose to start businesses by themselves because:
(a) The want of uncontested control
(b) Coordination is less complicated
(c) Profits will go only to the founder
...

157
...
Which of the followings is true regarding the start-ups?
(a) Technology centric
(b) Scalable
(c) Replicable
(d) all of the above
159
...
Which of the following shows the process of creating something new?
(a) Business model
(b) Modelling
(c) Creative flexibility
(d) Innovation
161
...
A business plan should include:
(a) Technical Analysis
(b) Market Analysis
(c) Financial Analysis
(d) All of the above
163
...
Which of the following is a level of learning?
(a) Cognitive
(b) Emotional
(c) Behaviour
(d) All of the above
165
...
Which of the followings is not a financial ratio?
(a) Activity Ratio
(b) Divergent ratio
(c) Solvency Ratio
(d) Liquidity Ratio

167
...
“The more you understand your competitors, the more effectively you can …………
...
Which of the following customer groups can be targeted using discount cards, pass out free
coffee coupons at events, and offer entertainment on weekends
...
Having more than one customer segment:
(a) can never be beneficial as this make an entrepreneur lose focus
(b) can never be beneficial as it brings in undesired complexity
(c) can be beneficial as it helps maintain consistent business throughout the year
(d) can be beneficial as it helps reduce costs
...
The central construct in entrepreneurship is _____
(a) Performance
(b) Opportunity
(c) Structure

(d) Outcomes
172
...
Double Diamond Model helps is:
(a) New Venture Ideation
(b) Collaboration
(c) Networking
(d) Internationalisation
174
...
Hands on learning can be best taught through:
(a) Case Study Analysis
(b) Entrepreneurial Audit
(c) Entrepreneur Profiling
(d) All of the above
176
...
The task of strategy choice involves:
(a) Developing plans and activities which will improve the organisation’s performance and
competitive position
(b) Determining how the organisation can be more market and efficiency oriented
(c) Monitoring whether the organisation is achieving good financial performance
(d) Keeping the organisation free of debt
178
...
Creativity primary involves
(a)Ideas
(b)Arts
(c)Risks
(d)Craft Work
180
...
One of the major aspects of innovation is
(a)Production
(b)Finance

(c)Marketing
(d)Human Resources
182
...
Which is not one of the chief characteristics of an entrepreneur?
(a) personal initiative
(b) ability to consolidate resources
(c) desire for control of people
(d) risk taking
184
...
With persistent problem solving, entrepreneurs
(a) Must daydream all day
(b) Can’t multi-task
(c) Think anything is possible
(d) Are always delegating
186
...
When entrepreneurs believe that their accomplishments and setbacks are within their own
control and influence, they are exhibiting
(a) Persistent problem-solving
(b) Internal locus of control
(c) External locus of control
(d) Opportunity orientation
188
...
Which of the following may be the greatest risk to the well-being of the entrepreneur?
(a) Social risk
(b) Financial risk
(c) Psychic risk
(d) Family risk
190
...
Which of the following is not a way to combat stress?
(a) Acknowledging its existence

(b) Ignoring coping mechanisms
(c) Probing personal unacknowledged needs
(d) Taking a few days off
192
...
Minimum number of members for formation of Public Limited Company is
(a) 7
(b) 5
(c) 3
(d) 2
194
...
Lacs for being
exempted from Audit
(a) 25
(b) 100
(c) 40
(d) 20
195
...
Which one of the following factors has the least influence on plant capacity?

(a) Input constraints
(b) Investment cost
(c) Organisational condition
(d) Market conditions
197
...
The choice of technology is generally not influenced by the
(a) Ease of operation
(b) Ease of absorption
(c) Use by other units
(d) Plant capacity
199
...
Which one of the following is not a source of positive net present value?
(a) Product differentiation
(b) Industry standing; no growth
(c) Marketing reach
(d) Economy of scale
201
...
Ethos Pathos Logos are tools used for:
(a) Giving instructions
(b) Persuasion
(c) Warning employees
(d) Dealing with negative messages
203
...
The attitude of Indian Government Machinery towards entrepreneurial development
programme is
(a) Destructive
(b) Negative
(c) Constructive
(d) Non-cooperative
205
...
Which of the following attitudes Is not generally associated with successful entrepreneurship
:
(a) Competition and co-operation
(b) Desire to influence others
(c) Innovation and product improvement
(d) Status quo in business
207
...
Which of the following sentence is not a characteristic of entrepreneurship:
(a) Risk taking
(b) Innovation
(c) Creative activity
(d) Managerial training
209
...
Entrepreneurship fails to lead :
(a) Partnership firm
(b) New corporate division
(c) New subsidiary venture

(d) None of these
211
...
Social and economic development of a Nation is the result of………
...
The future of entrepreneurial in India is:
(a) In dark
(b) Bright
(c) In difficulty
(d) None of these
214
...
Entrepreneurship is ensured by:
(a) Subsidiaries
(b) Larger Firm
(c) Medium Firm

(d) Small Firm
216
...
Entrepreneurial Development Programee provides
(a) Self-employment
(b) Education & training
(c) Skill increment
(d) All of these
218
...
Critical evaluation points of entrepreneurial development programme are:
(a) Organisational policies
(b) Lack of suitable selection procedure
(c) Lack quality of technical and vocational education and training
(d) All of these
220
...
An entrepreneur is said to be:
(a) Promotor of economic development
(b) Motivator of economic development
(c) Both the above
(d) None of the (a) and (b)
222
...
Which of the following companies has been a successful start-up of the decade of 2000s in
India?
a) Tata Steel
b) Crompton Engineering
c) Ashok Leyland
d) Flipkart
224
...
The government of India has launched the following initiative a few years ago to drive the
start-up movement in India:
a) Production Linked Incentive (PLI)

b) Special Economic Zone (SEZ)
c) Startup India
d) Technology Development Board
226
...
One of the most famous start-up ecosystems founded by a premier educational institute in
India is:
a) IIT Madras Research Park
b) CSIR Research Park
c) Mahindra Research Valley
d) Genome Valley
228
...
The success of a start-up is popularly measured by the following:
a) Revenue and Market Share
b) Profit and RoI
c) Valuation and Unicorn status
d) Nationality and Ethnicity

230
...
Which of the following statements is true? (Hint: There could be more than one right answer)
a) Every large company today would have been an entrepreneurial start-up at inception
b) Even large companies could be entrepreneurial in approach
c) Entrepreneurship drives the economic growth of a nation
d) All of the above
232
...
Who among the following is a famous healthcare entrepreneur?
a) Dr Pratap Reddy
b) Ratan Tata
c) Gautam Adani
d) None of the above
234
...
Apart from a creative competence, start-up founders must have the following more than
anything else:
a) High education
b) Deep funding
c) Strong Passion
d) Diverse collaboration
236
...
To achieve customer acceptance, the entrepreneur must:
a) Identify the problem faced in the marketplace and find a creative solution
...
Shaadi
...

b) Subscription-based business service model
c) Digital reinvention of the established process
d) All the above
239
...
Valuation of a start-up improves:
a) With only proof of concept
b) With only proof of product
c) With only proof of business
d) With all the above three occurring seamlessly and successfully
241
...
The following institution has been a pioneer in online education in India for the last several
years, reflecting entrepreneurial approaches of the Government of India and select IITs:
a) CSIR
b) IIMA
c) NPTEL
d) Intel
243
...
As a start-up, Nirma, the indigenous home detergent powder maker, demonstrated the

importance of:
a) Overseas technical collaboration
b) Product positioning and marketing
c) Being an outsourcing partner for MNCs
d) Diversification from the very beginning
245
...
What was common between Microsoft, Apple, HP, and Sony during their start-up and early
growth phases?
a) All the companies made same or similar products
b) All the companies were in the service industry
c) All the companies were co-founded
d) All of the above
247
...
Vijay Shekhar Sharma, Byju Raveendran are few names that successfully describe the term
______?
a) Academicians

b) Contract partnership
c) Entrepreneurs
d) Industrialist
249
...
The periodic blog published by a successful IP organization is owned by?
a) The computer company
b) Internet service provider
c) The organization
d) None of the above
251
...
Can we protect the shape of a soda bottle?
a) yes
b) no
c) maybe
d) only in special cases
253
...
MSME means?
a) Management of small medium enterprise
b) Micro, small and medium enterprise
c) Mega sector medium entities
d) None of the above
255
...
Research parks means
a) place to carry and facilitate new research via collaboration
b) Using public parks to create data for new research
c) Parks which are marked by archaeological department for research purposes
d) All of the above
257
...
It is first
______ ?
a) Online job opportunity platform
b) Female centric startup
c) single ecosystem that will enable all small businesses to succeed online
d) All of the above
258
...

a) A leader
b) A manager
c) An entrepreneur
d) A professional
259
...

a) Practice and knowledge acquired through experience
b) The protection of proprietary information of commercial value
c) The right to reproduce ones own original work
d) Brand identity
260
...

b) A desire to be independent
...

261
...

b) Proposed reduction in interest rates
...

d) Demographic changes
...
Which industrial sector tends to naturally promote small-scale businesses and
Entrepreneurship, and generally has lower barriers to market entry?
a) Service
...

c) Distribution
...

263
...

b) They can provide specialist support to larger companies
...

d) All the above
...
A business arrangement where one party allows another party to use a business name and
sell its products or services is known as__________
...

b) A franchise
...

d) A limited company
...
Which of the following is the reason for business failure __________
...

b) Poor financial control
...

d) All the above
...
The use of informal networks by entrepreneurs to gather information is known as _______
...

b) Entrepreneurial networking
...

d) Marketing
267
...

a) Websites
...

c) Company reports and published accounts
...

268
...

a) It helps to persuade others to commit funding to the venture
...

c) Provides a guide for business activities by defining objectives
...

269
...

a) the most important data
...

c) new data specifically collected for a project
...

270
...

a) the generation of new ideas
...

c) the opposite of creativity
...

271
...

b) Entrepreneurship takes place in large businesses
...

d) Entrepreneurship does not take place in social enterprises
...
Entrepreneurs are motivated by _________
...


b) personal values
...

d) All the above
...
Which of the following are described as one of the Big Five personality traits?
a) tolerance of others
...

c) propensity to leadership
...

274
...

b) Profitability
...

d) Weather conditions
...
Which of the following statements is false?
a) Market segmentation is a useful process for small businesses to undertake
...

c) A benefit is the value of a product feature to a customer
...

276
...

a) to increase turnover
...

c) to achieve competitive advantage
...

277
...

b) less help from various agencies
...

d) there is a high failure rate
...
Someone legally appointed to resolve the financial difficulties of an insolvent firm is
called_______
...

b) a predator
...

d) a turnaround consultant
...
Goods or services reach the market place through ________
...

b) multilevel pyramids
...

d) multiplication
...
To provide financial assistance to entrepreneurs the government has set up a number
of___________
...

b) financial intermediaries
...

d) financial institutions
...
State Industrial corporations engage in the development of__________
...

b) institutional estates
...

d) agricultural entrepreneurs
...
________ is the first development bank of the country
...

b) IDBI
...

d) IFCI
...
IFCI stands for____________
...

b) Institutional finance corporation of India
...

d) Indian finance corporation and institution
...
IFCI has been converted into a________
...

b) co-operative society
...

d) sole proprietorship
...
SIDBI was set up as a subsidiary of_________
...

b) IFCI
...

d) SFC
...
Which of the following is a function of SIDBI?
a) Extension of seed capital
...


c) Providing factoring services
...

287
...

a) 1 crore
...
5 crores
...

d) 2
...

288
...

a) term loan
...

c) underwriting the capital issues
...

289
...

a) applying for licences
...

c) allocation of scarce raw materials
...

290
...

a) Government of Karnataka
...

c) Government of Kerala
...

291
...

a) concessional terms
...

c) standard terms
...

292
...

a) Declining
...

c) Stable
...

293
...

a) General introduction to entrepreneurs
...

c) Managerial skills
...

294
...

a) SISI
...

c) IIC
...
_____________ can be defined as a specifically evolved work plan to achieve a specific
objective within a specific period of time
a) Idea generation
...

c) Project
...


296
...

a) Capital Intensive
...

c) Product Intensive
...

297
...

a) Programme Evaluation and Research Techniques
...

c) Programme Evaluation and Review Techniques
...

298
...

b) Network Analysis
...

d) Critical Planning
...
____________ is a form of financing especially for funding high technology, high risk and
perceived high reward projects
a) Fixed capital
...

c) Seed capital
...

300
...

b) Product Layout
...

d) Combined Layout
...
The term ___________ denotes bonus or financial aid which is given by a government to an
industry to help it compete with other units
a) Incentive
...

c) Bounty
...

302
...

a) Concessional finance
...

c) Interest Subsidy
...

303
...

b) Investment Allowance
...

d) Tax Holiday
304
...

a) Techno-economic analysis
...


c) Input analysis
...

305
...

a) A Network
...

c) An Event
...

306
...

a) Network analysis
...

c) Logical Model
...
Activities which must be finished before a given event can occur are termed as _________
...

b) Succeeding Activities
c) Concurrent Activities
d) Dummy Activities
...
Sub – contracting is a ___ beneficially ___ relationship between two companies
...
market potential of the project report includes ___
...
Every entrepreneur should draw an _______ for his project to ensure the timely
completion of all activities involved in setting up an enterprise
...
____________ describes the direction, the enterprise is going in, what its goals are,
where it wants to be, and how it is going to get there
...
Today, many companies are using managerial techniques that are designed to
encourage ___
...
Entrepreneurial development is the key to achieve all-round __________ through
acceleration of industrial and entrepreneurial activities
...
SWOT Analysis is a _____________ tool
a) Conceptual
b) Modern
c) Scientific
d) Traditional
315
...
D 2
...
C 4
...
B 6
...
B 8
...
B 10
...
D 12
...
D 14
...
A 16
...
D 18
...
B 20
...
C 22
...
C 24
...
B 26
...
A 28
...
A 30
...
B 32
...
C 34
...
D 36
...
C 38
...
A 40
...
A 42
...
D 44
...
A 46
...
C 48
...
B 50
...
A 52
...
B 54
...
B 56
...
C 58
...
A 60
...
C 62
...
D 64
...
D 66
...
B 68
...
C 70
...
A 72
...
B 74
...
D 76
...
A 78
...
B 80
...
D 82
...
C 84
...
B 86
...
C 88
...
A 90
...
B 92
...
C 94
...
C 96
...
B 98
...
B 100
...
D 102
...
C 104
...
B 106
...
C 108
...
C 110
...
E 112
...
C 114
...
A 116
...
B 118
...
A 120
...
D 122
...
B 124
...
D 126
...
B 128
...
D 130
...
A 132
...
A 134
...
D 136
...
A 138
...
A 140
...
B 142
...
D 144
...
B 146
...
A 148
...
B 150
...
A 152
...
A 154
...
B 156
...
A 158
...
A 160
...
C 162
...
D 164
...
B 166
...
B 168
...
C 170
...
B 172
...
A 174
...
D 176
...
A 178
...
A 180
...
C 182
...
C 184
...
C 186
...
B 188
...
C 190
...
B 192
...
A 194
...
D 196
...
C 198
...
B 200
...
C 202
...
C 204
...
B 206
...
D 208
...
C 210
...
A 212
...
B 214
...
B 216
...
A 218
...
D 220
...
C 222
...
D 224
...
C 226
...
A 228
...
C 230
...
D 232
...
A 234
...
C 236
...
A 238
...
A 240
...
B 242
...
D 244
...
B 246
...
D 248
...
B 250
...
A 252
...
C 254
...
C 256
...
C 258
...
D 260
...
C 262
...
D 264
...
D 266
...
D 268
...
C 270
...
C 272
...
B 274
...
D 276
...
D 278
...
A 280
...
A 282
...
A 284
...
A 286
...
A 288
...
D 290
...
A 292
...
D 294
...
C 296
...
C 298
...
D 300
...
C 302
...
B 304
...
B 306
...
A 308
...
D 310
...
A 312
...
B 314
...
B



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