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Organic Chemistry - Basic
Introduction
The Organic Chemistry Tutor
Organic chemistry focuses on organic compounds
compounds that contain carbon atoms
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form three bonds carbon has four valence
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elements like fluorine
and the other halogens chlorine bromine iodine they like
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A polarized object is an object that is
neutral overall but has charge separation that is one side
is positive and the other side is negative so this is a polar
object the bond is polar because fluorine carries a partial
negative charge due to the fact that it 's more
electronegative than carbon so it pulls electrons toward
itself
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We 're going to spend
some time drawing lewis structures of certain organic
compounds but before we do let's talk about some
common names of alkanes
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methane is a one carbon alkane it 's m e
t h a n e a two carbon alkanes c two h six this is known as
ethane c3h8 this is called propane c4 h10 this is butane
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Alkenes contain at least one double
bond and alkanes do not contain double bonds
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54 angstroms
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Bond order is the bond
order for a single bond a double bond and a triple bond
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How you can determine the
number of sigma and pi bonds in an organic compound
feel free to pause the video and try
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The formal charge is equal to the valence
electrons of the element minus the bonds and dots
attached to that element
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For nitrogen in the
ammonium ion nitrogen has five valence
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i 'maintains that a lone pair represents a pair of nonbonding electrons that are only attached to one atom
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Ch3och3 and ch3 co ch3 are examples of two
organic compounds
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A
ketone is different than an aldehyde when the carbonyl
group is in the middle of a chain is the ketone