Search for notes by fellow students, in your own course and all over the country.
Browse our notes for titles which look like what you need, you can preview any of the notes via a sample of the contents. After you're happy these are the notes you're after simply pop them into your shopping cart.
Document Preview
Extracts from the notes are below, to see the PDF you'll receive please use the links above
MODULE 1
INFORMATION FOR MANAGEMENT
1
...
2 Why do we need information systems, management structure,
requirements of information at different levels of management
1
...
1
...
5 Varieties of information system
Systems Analysis And Design
© V
...
Rajaraman
1 of 50
MOTIVATION
Should know nature of organizations and their
structure to design appropriate information system
...
Rajaraman
2 of 50
LEARNING GOALS
1
...
Description of types of Information: Tactical,
Operational, Strategic, Statutory
...
Division of Management into different hierarchical
levels
...
Type of Information needed at different levels of
management
...
Division of organizations into several functional
areas and their information requirements
6
...
Systems Analysis And Design
© V
...
1
...
Rajaraman
4 of 50
DATA AND INFORMATION
INFORMATION : Processed data
Data processed by machines giving information
Information is used to run an organization efficiently
Information used by managers to initiate actions
1
...
2
System Analysis And Design
© V
...
1
...
Rajaraman
6 of 50
EXAMPLE OF INFORMATION NEEDED
BY A SHOPKEEPER (CONTD)
Slow or fast moving items
Reliable supplier of items
Sales trends
Used to improve profitability of shop called
Tactical information
1
...
4
System Analysis And Design
© V
...
1
...
Rajaraman
8 of 50
EXAMPLE OF INFORMATION NEEDED
BY A SHOPKEEPER (CONTD)
Income tax account
Sales tax account
Used to provide information to the government
Known as Statutory Information
1
...
6
System Analysis And Design
© V
...
This is less structured
...
1
...
7
System Analysis And Design
© V
...
Eg: Daily Sales, Billing
...
Eg: Sales tax return
...
1
...
Rajaraman
11 of 50
MANAGEMENT HIERARCHY AND
INFORMATION NEEDS
Volume of
Information
Low
condensed
Medium
moderately
processed
Type of
Information
Unstructured
Moderately
structured
Highly
Large
structured
Detailed Reports
1
...
9
StrategicLong range planning
Top
Managers
Tactical
Short range improvement
Middle
Managers
Line managers
System Analysis And Design
Operational
Day to day policies
© V
...
Increasing of complexity of organizations require
innovative processing
Distributed organizations
Same data can be processed in different ways
1
...
1
System Analysis And Design
© V
...
2
...
Rajaraman
14 of 50
MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE (CONTD)
TOP MANAGEMENT
Chief Executive known as CEO
Executive Directors for each functional areas such as
Production, Finance, HRD etc
...
2
...
Rajaraman
15 of 50
MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE (CONTD)
MIDDLE MANAGEMENT
General managers, divisional managers,Vice presidents etc
Each functional area may have 2 to 3 middle level
managers reporting to top management
Take Tactical decisions
1
...
4
System Analysis And Design
© V
...
Take Operational decisions
1
...
5
System Analysis And Design
© V
...
3
...
Rajaraman
18 of 50
MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE (CONTD)
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
All organizations need not have identical functional areas
However some are common such as
- MARKETING
- FINANCE
- HUMAN RESOURCE DE VELOPMENT(HRD)
1
...
2
System Analysis And Design
© V
...
Identifying best product mix
...
3
...
Rajaraman
20 of 50
INFORMATION FOR MANAGEMENT
Production Management
Tactical Information
Identifying and controlling areas of high cost
...
Identifying alternate production schedules
based on tools, machines etc
...
1
...
4
System Analysis And Design
© V
...
Scheduling better production dynamically
...
Monitoring tool, machine and personnel
availability
1
...
5
System Analysis And Design
© V
...
Analysis of competitors strategy
...
1
...
6
System Analysis And Design
© V
...
Customer preference surveys
...
Sales force deployment and targets
...
Timing of special sales campaigns
...
3
...
Rajaraman
24 of 50
INFORMATION FOR MANAGEMENT
Marketing Management
Operational Information
Sales analysis by regions,customer class, sales
person
...
Market share and trends
...
Effect of model changes
...
1
...
8
System Analysis And Design
© V
...
Determining optimal levels of inventory
Determining proportion of material needed
Reducing varieties of inventory
...
3
...
Rajaraman
26 of 50
INFORMATION FOR MANAGEMENT
Material Management
Tactical Information
Developing vendor performance measures
...
Determining issues of items to shops versus
standard needs
...
Determining impact on material cost and
procurement with design changes and new
product introduction
...
3
...
Rajaraman
27 of 50
INFORMATION FOR MANAGEMENT
Material Management
Operational Information
1
...
11
List of excess & deficient items received
...
Critical items received
...
Value of inventory in hand
...
System Analysis And Design
© V
...
Pricing policies
...
1
...
12
System Analysis And Design
© V
...
3
...
Large outstanding payments/Receipts
...
Cost increases and pricing
...
Rajaraman
30 of 50
INFORMATION FOR MANAGEMENT
Finance Management
Operational Information
1
...
14
Periodic financial report
...
Tax returns
...
Profit and loss account
...
Payroll,provident fund accounts
...
Rajaraman
31 of 50
INFORMATION FOR MANAGEMENT
Human Resource Management
Strategic Information
Long range human resource requirements
...
Policies on human resource development and training
Policies on personnel welfare and facilities
1
...
15
System Analysis And Design
© V
...
Demographic make-up of personnel and its
impact on retirement
...
Morale of personnel
...
Leave and overtime policies
...
1
...
16
System Analysis And Design
© V
...
Skills inventory
...
Leave record
...
3
...
Rajaraman
34 of 50
INFORMATION FOR MANAGEMENT
Research Design & development Management
Strategic Information
Which products are to be developed?
What types of improvements are required?
What long range research is more promising?
What technical collaboration would be appropriate?
1
...
18
System Analysis And Design
© V
...
Checking availability of equipment &
appropriate selection
Determining proportions of resources to be
allocated to different projects
...
Information on similar and related research
projects undertaken by other companies
1
...
19
System Analysis And Design
© V
...
Budgeted expenses versus actual expenses
...
1
...
20
System Analysis And Design
© V
...
4
...
Complete
Include all data
...
Rajaraman
38 of 50
QUALITIES OF INFORMATION
Quality
1
...
2
How to ensure quality
Trustworthy
Do not hide unpleasant
information
...
Brief
Summarize relevant
information
...
Rajaraman
39 of 50
QUALITIES OF INFORMATION
Quality
1
...
3
How to ensure quality
Up-to-date
Include all data up to
present time
...
System Analysis And Design
© V
...
5
...
Rajaraman
41 of 50
Business data processing system
Enter data to be processed
Edit, check input data
Control check to see if the data is correct and
reasonable
Store clean data as an organized data base in a storage
1
...
2
System Analysis And Design
© V
...
On-line transaction processing(OLTP)
2
...
5
...
Rajaraman
43 of 50
Online transaction processing
Database (or master file) available online on disk
Request in specified format accepted from requestor
Check request for validity
Retrieve record from database
Take appropriate action
1
...
4
System Analysis And Design
© V
...
5
...
Rajaraman
45 of 50
OLTP Vs BATCH
Response time
Throughput
(No of transaction/unit time)
Enquiry systems
Periodic processing
• Once a day
• Once a month
1
...
6
System Analysis And Design
-
OLTP FAST
-
BATCH HIGH
ONLINE
BATCH
-
STORES ISSUES
PAYROLL
© V
...
5
...
Rajaraman
47 of 50
DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM
Unstructured and difficult to obtain precise information
Use of analytical and simulation models
Aids to conceptualise through graphs ,animation etc
Use of archival data to infer trends and rules
Some artificial intelligence tools may be used
1
...
8
System Analysis And Design
© V
...
5
...
Rajaraman
49 of 50
DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM
Example of data mining
From archival data a rule guessed by managers
that in some months there are long waiting lists for sleeper
berths is verified-Data mining gives precise quantitative data
Action
Increase number of sleeper coaches
or
Introduce special trains
Unexpected results of analysis of archival data more
valuable for DSS
1
...
10
System Analysis And Design
© V