Notesale: Turn your study into money

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It is necessary to have basic knowledge regarding the topic education itself
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(ii) Providing knowledge regarding meaning and concept of education
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(iv) To make aware the students regarding the importance of education in modern era
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0 MEANING OF EDUCATION
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He has been
endowed with intelligence which enables him to modify his animal tendencies in accordance with the
demands of the environment and the society
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Education is a process which enables
a man to acquire knowledge through conducive attitude, which is essential for being a human
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-Prof
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e
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To sum up,
education leads to his integrated, balanced and all-round development, making him civilized, mature
and responsible member of the society possessing dynamic personality
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These needs, however,
increased with the progress of the society and among others education, health, recreation etc
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These human needs can be classified into biological, sociological and
psychological aspects of life, Man has made a great progress in fulfillment of all these needs and
education has played a great role in this ever continuing process of evolution of man from being
primitive to the present, cultured and civilized human being
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-P
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Banerji

Education develops the overall personality of an individual and is thus essential for the growth and
development of an individual as well as his contribution to the society
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However, education can never be measured in terms of
transmitted knowledge alone because it is the behaviour of the person that makes the real difference
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"Education is the development in the individual of all the perfection of which he is capable
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2 Etymological or Literal meaning of Education
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In different life situations,
education has been defined differently
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There is another Latin word 'Educere' which means to lead out, to draw out, to bring forth'
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"Education is the complete development of the individuality of the child so that he can make an original
contribution to human life according to the best of his capacity"
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e
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e
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This meaning of education assumes that all knowledge is inherent in human beings and to draw out or
tap this inherent knowledge, some modes, ways, methods have to be found
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-Mahatma Gandhi

However, to draw out one has to put in something i
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for an output there must be an input
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By birth, every child is born with some or the other innate capacities, which
can be further developed by education
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-Pestalozzi writes

Education is a never ending process, it is a growth, a progress, and a development which never stops
and goes on all through the life and even travels from one generation to another and ultimately
inculcates in an individual the creative thinking, reasoning power and analytical ability which enables
him to act and adapt to changing social scenario in the best possible way for the further enhacement
and development of his personality
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It is the
development of all those capacities in the individual which will enable him to control his environment
and fulfil his possibilities
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This restricted meaning implies that education is provided according to some
consciously designed curriculum at a specific time and at a specific place
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The school is the basic institution of formal education as it imparts education
directly and systematically
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"The school exists to provide a special environment for the formative years of human life
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"In narrow sense, education may be taken to mean any consciously directed effort to develop and
cultivate our powers
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-Redden

Many great personalities who have moulded the destiny of nations, and philosophers and saints who
have changed the concept of life, had never attended any formal institutions of education
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There is much more to the education than
the mere instructions imparted in any formal institution
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which influence and mould the character and personality of a person
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The process of education starts from the birth and continues till the end of life
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-Dumvile

During this whole span of life a person learns from his parents, elders, home environment, friends,
associates and other members of society
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"In the wider sense, it is a process that goes on throughout life, and is promoted by almost every
experience in life
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" -Raymont
"Education is the transmission of life by the living to the living"
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Education,
therefore, is not merely limited to class-room studies, not merely to the students but includes all
individuals irrespective of their age, sex, caste or creed
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The qualities and qualifications an individual
needs to achieve success in practical life can not be generated in him by any one form of education
alone
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There has to be a proper balance between formal, informal, incidental and intentional
modes of education, coordination and cooperation between the school and all other agencies so as to
provide education in the real sense for the complete and harmonious development of an individual
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0 CONCEPT OF EDUCATION
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It also had great influence on
the concept of education in ancient India
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Bhakti (devotion), Karma (action) and Gyan
(Knowledge) were the three basic means (mantras) of education
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In Upnishads it has been stated
that education is a process which results in achievement of salvation
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According to Shankracharya, education produce selfrealisation
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In the views of
Kautilya, education leads to train a person to serve the nation and promote Jove for one's nation
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2 Modern Indian Concept
Modern concept of education in India has not departed much from the old concept
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Definitions
"Education is the manifestation of divine perfection already existing in man
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He laid emphasis
on one's innate quality and strength
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-Tagore

"By education I mean an allround drawing out of the best in child and man's body, mind and spirit
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It is one of the means whereby man and woman can be
educated
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-Mahatma Gandhi
"Education is the process of individual mind getting to its full possible development
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-Dr
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-A
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Altekar

The modern Indian concept of education has been very appropriately summed up by Secondary
Education Commission as under :
"Education, according to Indian tradition, is not merely a mean to earning a thing, nor it is only a nursery
of thought or a school for citizenship
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It is a second birth, dvitiyam Janma i
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education for
liberation
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3 Western Concept of Education
The concept of education in West was greatly influenced by Greek philosophers and scholars
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"Education should develop a kind of reason in children in order that they may feel a harmony between
the soul and the various things of the world
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Plato's educational system was based primarily on moral education
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Plato's doctrine was
based on the foundation of truth, goodness, and beauty
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Firstly, that which makes one sufficient in his daily activities and
enables him to get knowledge to his aptitude
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-Plato

The meaning of education given by Plato is still followed in the West, with minor variations here and
there
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It develops man's faculty, specially his mind, so
that he may be able to enjoy the supreme truth, goodness and beauty
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-John Pestalozzi
"Education is the complete development of the individuality of the child so that he can make an original
contribution to human life according to his best capacity
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P
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-G
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Thompson
"A perfect education is one which trains up every human being to fit into the place one is to occupy in the
social hierarchy, but without, in the process, destroying one's individuality
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-R
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Rusk

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An
aim revolves around a centre of purpose, it is abstract, never fully realised, and represents ideal
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It must have the power to inspire towards
greater effort
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It serves as a thread that can bring all valid purposes of education into an integrated whole
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"The end of all education, all training should be man making
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"True education is that which draws out and stimulates the spiritual, intellectual, and physical faculties of
the children
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-Annie Besant
"The aim of education is the enhancement or enrichment of personality, the differentiating feature of
which is the embodiment of universal values
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R
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-Painter

While referring to the aim of education, the Secondary Education Commission (1952- 53) enlisted four
Aims of Education in India;
(i) Development of democratic citizenship,
(ii) Improvement of vocational efficiency,
(iii) Development of personality, and
(iv) Development of qualities for leadership
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After going through the views expressed by various philosophers and educationists it can be well said
that the aim of education is the harmonious and all-round development of an individual
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0 OBJECTIVES OF EDUCATION
Objective is a more specific statement of purpose than an aim
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Objectives are infact short term goals/ aims and are the part of the integrated whole
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-John Pestalozzi

American Commission on the Reorganisation of Education, (1918), listed seven objectives of education,
(i) health,
(ii)worthy use of leisure,
(iii) ethical character,
(iv) citizenship,
(v) command of fundamental processes,
(vi) worthy home membership, and
(vii) vocation
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M
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These objectives reflect the values to be inculcated in a person who can be said to be educated
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The American Educational Policies Commission (1938) further examined the objectives of education and
proposed four objectives in concised form as under :
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Human relationship,
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Civic responsibility
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Outlining the objectives of education, the Ishwar Bhai Patel Committee (1977) observed that
"the objectives of education should enable an individual to acquire knowledge, skills, habits, attitudes,
and values necessary for :
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a rewarding personal life by the development of
(a) innate talents
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It is evident from the objectives stated above that all these are intimately related to the different
aspects of our life
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Physical development-for optimum health
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Intellectual development-for rational powers
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Mental development-for inner strength
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Cultivation of moral and ethical values for character development
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Spiritual and aesthetic development
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Raising the standard of social life
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Training for civic responsibility- creation of useful citizens
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Cultural development- national integration
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Total development of personality- for complete living
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0 DEFINITIONS OF EDUCATION
Education develops character and makes man useful for the world
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It prepares a man for social service,
develops his character, and finally imbues him with the spirit and courage of lion
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-Swami Vivekanand
"The chief aim of education should be to help the growing soul to draw out that in itself, which is best and
make it perfect for a noble use
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-Mahatma Gandhi
That education is highest which not only imparts information and knowledge to us, but also promotes love
and fellow-feeling between us, and the living beings of the world
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-Shankaracharya
Education has always been regarded in India as a source of illumination and power which transforms and
innobles our nature by the progressive and harmonious development of our physcial, mental, intellectual
and spiritual power and faculties
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It is a long school
which lasts a life time
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Zakir Hussain
Education is the natural, harmonious and progressive development of man's innate powers
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-T
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Nunn
Education develops man's faculty, especially his mind, so that he may be able to enjoy the contemplation of
supreme truth, goodness and beauty, in which perfect happiness essentially consists
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-Plato
The aim of education is complete human development
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-Froebel
Education is a process whereby an individual developed qualities relating to religion, knowledge and morality,
and thereby established his claim to be called a human being
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-Aldou Huxley
Education is the development of all those capacities in the individual which will enable him to control his
environment and fulfil his possibilities
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-P
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Banerji
The aim of education is the development of valuable personaltiy and spiritual individuality
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Education should facilitate the task of adaptation of
the child to his environment
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-Drever
Education means the bringing out of the ideas of universal validity which are latent in the mind of every man
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-Report of the Commission on the Reorganisation of Secondary Schools, U
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-James

Education is that process whereby the man adapts himself gradually in various ways to his physical, social,
and spiritual environment
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-Kant

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In the last century, changes have occurred so rapidly within such a comparatively short period that
we hardly had time to change and adjust ourselves to the new conditions
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Education must deal with these changes which our complex life style imposes, by developing
programmes which can provide some safe guards from an over exposure to the complexities, stress and
pressures that man is facing in this technological age
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Through education man gets acquaintance with the accumulated experience of human life
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The importance of education in modern era is evident as it influence each and every aspect of life as
stated below
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Development of total personalityEducation facilitates development of allround, wholesome, and balanced personality of an individual,
which includes all the aspects of his personality i
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physical, mental, social, emotional, intellectual,
spiritual, and cultural
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Development of innate powers and natural abilities –
Love, affection, curiosity, reasoning, imagination, self-respect etc
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Education helps in developing and providing direction to
these natural inborn abilities
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Modification of behaviourEducation helps in modification of human behaviour to act rationally instead of impulsively
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Character is that on which the destiny of nation is
built
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" Education is the
only agency which helps in cultivating moral values and building up a sound and strong character
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Adaptation and modification of environmentMan has survived in the struggle for existence only because of his ability to adapt and adjust with the
environment
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As he grows up he has to face various challenges in life
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Through education
he learns to classify and consolidate those experiences which are conducive for his development to
higher levels of progress
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Fulfillment, control and sublimation of basic instinctsEvery child is born with some basic instincts which direct and mould his activities
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Through
education he learns socially desirable traits which are necessary for his social development and welfare
of the society
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Preserves culture and civilizationAll the countries are proud of their own cultural heritage and civilization, and also make conscious and
sincere efforts for its preservation
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Education
trains an individual to develop ability to fulfill all his basic needs i
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physical, emotional, educational,
and social
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Enhances Vocational efficiencyEducation provides knowledge about various vocations and professions, and also help an individual to
achieve success in the profession or vocation of his choice by imparting appropriate instructions
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Achievement of self sufficiencyEducation helps an individual to stand on his own feet
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Education inculcates all these good citizenship qualities and thereby creates useful citizen of the
country
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Inculcation of civic and social qualitiesIn any democratic country, it is necessary for all the citizens to perform their duties and responsibilities
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A child is, thus able to achieve gainful work experience through practical work, which helps in
making him self supporting and self reliant
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Imparts training for leadershipIn a democratic country, progress and development is possible only if it is guided by dynamic, devoted,
and committed leaders
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Education produces socially efficient persons by launching various training programmes,
schemes, and by providing varied experiences
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National developmentA nation can develop only when its citizens are provided ample opportunity to develop their abilities
and qualities to the optimum
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Thus education
is the foundation stone for national development
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Promotes national integrationIndia is a land of diverse customs and cultures, having different religions, caste and creed, alongwith
different geographical conditions, and therefore, national integration is the need of the hour
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Education regulates the
conduct of children and inculcates the habit of discipline in them right from their childhood
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Education strives to propagate feelings of internationalism and universal
brotherhood by overcoming these barriers
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Economic efficiencyPhilosophers and educationists unanimously agree that education and economics are integrally
correlated
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Education develops those basic qualities of
character which are essential for the function of democratic life
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Education promotes secular attitudes and values by emphasizing open mindedness, progressiveness,
rationality and religious tolerance among them
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Promotes further research and developmentEducation broadens the mental horizon of an individual, enhances his analytical abilities and capabilities,
fuels his eagerness and curiosity to explore the unknown and prepares him for further research
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Keeping pace with modernizationModernization is the ability of the society to develop an institutional structure
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It makes them ready to tolerate the change, change their
habits and modes to adjust for the future change , and thereby helps them to keep pace with
modernization

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