Notesale: Turn your study into money

Document Preview

Extracts from the notes are below, to see the PDF you'll receive please use the links above

---

STATE OF THE ART REPORT
ON
CONSTRUCTION QUALITY REQUIREMENTS
FOR RESIDENTIAL PROJECTS
BY
RATNESH SINGH GAUTAM

SUBMITTED FOR THE COURSE:
CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT, METHODS AND TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
MARCH 2023

1

CONTENTS:

1
...
……………………… 3
2
...
4
3
...
……………………6
4
...
9
5
...
10
6
...
EFFECT OF LOCATION ON QUALITY CONTROL REQUIREMENTS……………………
...
SUMMARY……………………………………………………………………………………
...
INTRODUCTION

The construction industry has been scuffling with quality issues for several years, and therefore the cost to our
economy is dramatic
...
The
development industry is exclusive, and so, the applying of quality control requires an approach that meets the
requirements of the industry
...
Quality control is an essential aspect of the construction industry as it helps to ensure
that buildings, roads, bridges, and other structures are constructed to meet established standards of safety,
durability, and performance
...

Quality Control (QC): The operational techniques and activities (such as reviewing, checking, inspecting,
testing, etc
...


1
...
During the construction phase, quality control
procedures are put in place to ensure that materials are of the specified quality, construction techniques are
followed, and workmanship is of an acceptable standard
...

Quality control requirements in construction also involve ensuring that construction projects comply with
regulatory requirements and industry standards
...

Overall, quality control requirements in construction are essential to ensure that buildings and other structures
are safe, durable, and perform as intended
...


Quality can be defined as the degree to which product is likely to meet the desired specification & limits given
by the construction agency
...

This can be achieved by conducting inspection from the source of supply of material up to the finished
3

production
...
The field of quality control is multi-directional like testing of materials
to be incorporated, field and laboratory tests on mixed materials, proper knowledge of methods/techniques to
executive staff/contractor Precautions to be taken and periodicity of various tests Firstly, materials to be
incorporated in works should be confirming to specifications required
...
As far as
possible materials approved by BIS should be incorporated in works
...


1
...
In the construction plan development process,
it is the clear responsibility of the designer to ensure all project elements are economical, accurate, properly
prepared, coordinated, checked, and completed
...
Design personnel shall
follow established design policies, procedures, standards and guidelines in the preparation and review of all
design products
...
Consultants must ensure quality and adhere to established design policies
...
OBJECTIVE
The objective of quality control requirements for residential projects is to ensure that the residents being built
meet the established standards of safety, durability, and performance, and provide a comfortable and healthy
living environment for the occupants
...


4

Some specific objectives of quality control requirements for residential projects include:
1
...

2
...

3
...

4
...

5
...


5

6
...

7
...
This involves monitoring the progress of the project and
making adjustments to the construction process as needed to ensure that the project is completed
within the set timeline
...
Building Reputation: Quality control helps to build a positive reputation for the construction company
by delivering high-quality residential projects that meet the expectations of the customers and comply
with the relevant standards and regulations
...
Quality control also helps to minimize the risk
of costly repairs, damage, and safety hazards that may arise from substandard construction practices
...
PRACTICES IN QUALITY CONTROL

3
...
In the context of engineering structures
...
Quality control is a management activity applied to the construction processes to set purposes
...
To achieve optimum
6

quality at minimum cost, we have to consider all the factors that help to build quality into a product or service
...

The main problems facing the development of construction projects and structures are the technological
advancement of their fabrication, the improvement of their quality, reliability and factory finishing- These
problems can be solved by developing and applying efficient and continuous quality control at each stage of
production and by testing products and structures using the latest instruments and machines
...
The
various process involved to be able to meet the above requirement should be cost effective
...


3
...
Inspection: Inspection was a common practice in quality control for residential projects
...

2
...
Samples of
building materials would be taken and tested to ensure that they met the required quality standards
...
Punch list: A punch list is a list of items that need to be corrected or completed before the project is
considered complete
...

4
...
This was done to ensure that the changes were approved and that they did not affect the
overall quality of the project
...
Warranty inspections: After the project was completed, warranty inspections were often conducted to
ensure that any defects or issues that arose within a specified time frame were addressed
...
Peer review: Peer review was another practice that was commonly used in quality control for
residential projects
...

7

Overall, these practices were aimed at ensuring that the project met the required quality standards and that any
issues or defects were addressed in a timely manner
...
3 RECENT ADVANCEMENTS IN QUALITY CONTROL
The construction industry has evolved over the years, and current practices in quality control in construction
have become more advanced and sophisticated
...
Use of Building Information Modeling (BIM): BIM is a digital representation of a building that
allows architects, engineers, and construction professionals to collaborate and share information about
a project
...

2
...
By implementing Lean principles,
construction companies can reduce the amount of time and resources needed to complete a project
while maintaining high quality standards
...
Adoption of Prefabrication and Modular Construction techniques: Prefabrication and modular
construction techniques involve the construction of building components off-site, which are then
transported to the construction site and assembled
...

4
...
This technology can help to improve safety and quality control on construction sites
...
Implementation of Quality Management Systems (QMS): QMS is a set of processes and procedures
that are designed to ensure that a project meets its quality requirements
...

6
...
It includes a description of the materials, methods,
and testing protocols that will be used to ensure quality
...
Third-party inspections and testing: Third-party inspectors and testing agencies are hired to carry out
independent inspections and testing to ensure that construction projects meet established standards
...
STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS IN RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION
Standards and regulations play a critical role in ensuring quality control in residential construction
...
Building codes: Building codes are regulations that specify the minimum standards for the
construction of buildings
...

2
...

These laws determine what types of structures can be built in a particular location, how close
structures can be to one another, and how much open space is required
...
Energy codes: Energy codes are regulations that specify the minimum energy efficiency standards
for buildings
...

4
...
These standards are designed to protect workers and occupants of the building from hazards
...
Environmental regulations: Environmental regulations cover areas such as waste disposal, water
quality, and air quality
...

6
...
These standards cover areas such as door widths, ramp slopes,
and bathroom design
...
Failure to comply with these regulations can result in fines, penalties, and even legal
action
...


9

5
...
Here are some common
challenges and potential solutions to overcome them:
1
...
To overcome this challenge, it is essential
to establish clear lines of communication and ensure that all stakeholders are kept informed of project
progress and changes
...
Supply chain problems: Residential construction projects rely on a complex network of suppliers and
vendors to provide materials and equipment
...
To overcome this challenge, it is crucial to establish strong relationships
with reliable suppliers and maintain adequate inventory levels
...
Skilled labor shortages: The shortage of skilled labor is a common challenge in the construction
industry, leading to increased costs and delays
...

4
...
To overcome this
challenge, it is essential to establish a quality management system that outlines the procedures and
standards for quality control and ensures that they are consistently applied throughout the project
...
Technology adoption: The construction industry has been slower to adopt new technologies than other
industries, which can hinder quality control efforts
...

6
...
To overcome this challenge, contractors can work
closely with regulatory agencies and seek expert guidance to ensure that they meet all relevant
requirements
...
DOCUMENTATION
Documentation is a crucial aspect of quality control in residential construction
...
Record-keeping: Documentation provides a record of all the activities related to quality control,
including inspections, tests, and audits
...

2
...
This can help to avoid legal disputes and provide assurance
to clients and other stakeholders
...
Accountability: Documentation provides a way to hold individuals and teams accountable for their
work
...

4
...
It provides a common reference point for discussing project
progress, quality issues, and other important information
...
Knowledge management: Documentation helps to capture and share knowledge about the project,
including lessons learned, best practices, and standard operating procedures
...

Documentation is an essential aspect of quality control in residential construction
...


List of Materials Tested on Site:

1
...
Sand
3
...
Bricks
5
...
Coarse Aggregate for Concrete Work
7
...
Granular Sub-base (GSB) Material
9
...
Metal for BM/DBM/BC/Surface Dressing/MSS/Premix Carpet
11
...
Fine Aggregate for DBM/BC
13
...
Steel (to be procured directly from manufacturer along with his test certificates)

12

13

6
...
Planning: Civil engineers are responsible for planning the construction project, including identifying
the required quality standards and specifications
...

2
...
They ensure that the design meets the required quality standards
and specifications
...
Quality assurance: Civil engineers are responsible for ensuring that the construction project meets the
required quality standards and specifications
...

4
...
They work closely with contractors and other personnel
to ensure that all safety procedures are followed
...
Documentation: Civil engineers are responsible for maintaining accurate and up-to-date
documentation of all aspects of the construction project, including materials used, inspections and
testing results, and workmanship
...

6
...
They work closely with contractors and other personnel to address
issues and ensure that the project is completed on time and within budget
...
They are responsible for planning, designing, and ensuring that the construction project
meets the required quality standards and specifications
...


14

7
...

Here are some factors to consider:
1
...
For example, seismic zones, wind loads, snow loads, flood
zones, and other factors will vary depending on the location of the site
...

2
...
In such cases, additional quality
control measures may need to be implemented to ensure that the construction process does not have
an adverse impact on the surrounding environment or on neighbouring properties
...
Soil and geological conditions: The quality of the soil and geological conditions of the site can affect
the quality of the foundation, which is one of the most important components of a building
...

4
...
If the site has a steep slope or is
prone to erosion, additional measures may need to be taken to ensure that the building is stable and
secure
...
Environmental Factors: The climate and weather conditions in the location of the site can affect the
quality control requirements
...
In colder climates, insulation requirements will
be different compared to warmer areas
...
Material Availability: The availability of construction materials can also affect the quality control
requirements
...
For example, if the site is located in a remote area, it may be
more difficult to obtain high-quality materials or skilled labor, which may require additional quality
control measures to ensure the project meets the desired standards
...
To ensure compliance with local regulations, site conditions, environmental factors, and material
availability must be considered in the quality control plan for the project
...
SUMMARY
The process of implementing Quality Assurance and Quality Control System is clearly understood that quality
doesn't happen by chance, it has to be managed at every stage of the product
...
Quality Systems are analogous to financial control systems, information technology systems
and personnel management systems
...
The danger is that once the system is complete it will become a neatly
packaged inviolate document
...
A well-directed quality auditing programme should be focused upon making upon the procedures
more effective in terms of both Total Quality and company's aims
...
Quality control requirements
for residential projects include material quality control, workmanship quality control, quality control during
construction, testing and inspection, documentation, compliance with codes and regulations, safety, audits,
training, and improvement
...
Through effective quality control, residential
construction projects can be completed successfully and meet the needs and expectations of clients while
ensuring safety and compliance with regulations

---