Notesale: Turn your study into money

Document Preview

Extracts from the notes are below, to see the PDF you'll receive please use the links above

---

lOMoAR cPSD| 3013804

UNIT 4 AIM C - ASSIGNMENT UNIT 15 AIM A CHEMISTRY
CLASS IN LANCASHIRE
Introduction to Chemistry (University of Central Lancashire)

lOMoAR cPSD| 3013804

UNIT 4 AIM C
PREPARATION OF ASPIRIN USING TECHNIQUE AND TESTING METHOD

INTODUCTION
In this unit, we will be using techniques and testing methods to prepare
and test for aspirin
...
The aim of this unit is
to accurately prepare, test the purity and describe using methods of
how aspirin (the organic solid) is made in the industry
...
It is normally used as normal painkillers such as
toothaches, headaches and to cure common cold symptoms
...
To prepare the organic solid (aspirin), we use salicylic acid
(acetylation with acetic anhydride)
...

Apparatus for part one of the experiment we are going to need,
10cm3 measuring cylinder
Sulfuric acid (concentrated)
Spatula
Deionized or distilled water
Thermometer
250 cm3 beaker
Filter paper
Filtration apparatus to reduce pressure

lOMoAR cPSD| 3013804

Stirring rod
Tripod, Bunsen burner and gauze
Conical flask (100cm3)
Beaker (400cm3)
Ethanoic anhydride
Salicylic (2-hydroxybenzenecarboxylic) acid
Apparatus for part two experiment
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦

Boiling tube
Kettle
Mass balance (digital)
Thermometer
Conical flask (100cm3)
Stirring rod
Ethanol
Measuring cylinder (25cm3)
Beaker (250cm3)
Deionized or distilled water

Organic solid preparation (Aspirin)
I weigh and record the mass of 6
...

10cm3 of ethanoic acid is added to the flask
...

To make sure it is thoroughly mixed, I add 4-5 drops of sulfuric
acid (concentrated) to the flask and stir the mixture
...


lOMoAR cPSD| 3013804

Allow the warm content in the flask to cool down and pour it into
a beaker containing water (75cm3) and vigorously swirl for the
solid the precipitate
...

Using double-thickness filter paper, allow the collected crude
aspirin to cool down
...

Using stirring rod, stir the mixture until the ethanol dissolvesthe
aspirin sample
...

Pour the dissolved aspirin in the ethanol into a conical flask
containing 45cm3 of water
...

Take it out and allow it to cool down using an ice bath
...

When there is total dryness and crystallization has formed, finaly
record the mass value of the purified aspirin
...
It gives us
the actual mass of the organic solid at the end of the experiment and it
its beginning
...


lOMoAR cPSD| 3013804

There are several ways of producing aspirin by industries, but
most industries use the reactor method
...
The particles
after it is filtered are washed and dried and filtered again to create
the aspirin
...
To generate the temperature, a
constant heat source is used so that there is a full completion of
the entire process and not partially
...
After the crystals are fully formed, it is filtered
using a Buchner funnel
...
Aspirin is formed and can be
compressed into the form of a tablet
...

Aspirin has several ways of testing its purity
...
The
spectrophotometer mostly checks the purity of the amount of
acetylsalicylic acidic aspirin
...


lOMoAR cPSD| 3013804

https://www
...
com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2F2
...
blogspot
...
This
process is done with the help of Galen Kamp melting point equipment
to observe the difference in temperature between the pure and impure
aspirin
...
If there are
impurities in the crude sample, the melting point scale of the product
will be lower than the scale of the pure organic solid (aspirin)
...
google
...
We used crystallization and recrystallization techniques
to achieve the aim of the experiment
...
In aspirin
preparations, the solids formed are known as crystals
...
But before we allow it to cool for the
crystal to be formed, we add water to it so that it breaks down the
excess acetic anhydride and makes the product crystallize
...
This method or technique is used to purify aspirin
...
The water
destroys the reaction of acetic anhydride causing the pure aspirin in the
solution to crystallize
...
When it is left longer to cool
down, we have larger crystals formed over time
...
To perform this technique, I used conical
filter paper, a funnel and a beaker
...


Comparing laboratory and industrial manufactured organic solid

lOMoAR cPSD| 3013804

There is a major difference between the lab made and industrial made
aspirin
...
They mostly use the reactor machine in the
process
...
With the help of machinery and skilled
workers aspirin is manufactured efficiently and safely for consumers
...

In the laboratory, aspirin is mostly manufactured for science
experiments just like the one we did for these units
...
In the lab
also, only small amounts of aspirin are produced at a time as compared
to the industries
...

There is production of more aspirin in the industry since aspirin is now
used as the most common drug for curing pain and fever
...


lOMoAR cPSD| 3013804

Evaluation of the yield
The percentage yield of the aspirin was low due to the inaccuracies that
happened during the experiment or data loss
...
com)
https://www
...
edu/classes/chemistry/arias/exp 5 - aspirinf11

---