Notesale: Turn your study into money

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Sources of Organic Compounds
There are organic molecules everywhere
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Due to the significance of organic chemicals in contemporary society, these are also
synthesized on a massive scale in laboratories
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● Animals and plants
● Natural gas
● coal
● petroleum
Let's go over each of the primary sources in depth one at a time
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Animals and Plants:
Directly accessible plants and animals are another good source of the chemical molecule
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The primary natural
suppliers of organic chemicals are plants and animals
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Coal:
Black deposits of coal are present in the crust of the Earth
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The Earth's surface was covered with this veggie millions of years
ago
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This resulted from moisture loss and gas removal, specifically oxygen and
hydrogen
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There is also a
little amount of water and mineral contaminants
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Coal is divided into four groups based on the carbon content
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Anthracite:
Anthracite is a dark black substance with a hard feel that is 95% carbon
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2
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This coal yields 5 fractions
when it is fractionally distilled
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Sub-bituminous Coal:
This type of coal is utilized in power plants
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Lignite:
Lignite coal, which is dark in colour and has a high moisture content and soft texture, contains
between 50 and 60 percent carbon
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In the absence of air, it is heated to
temperatures between 2000 and 1400 degrees Celsius
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● Crude oil gas
● Coke
● Coal tar
● Ammonical liqour
● Gas carbon

3
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Composition
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Ethane, propane, and butane are also
abundant in it
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Furthermore,
CO2, H2S, and N2 gas are all present in natural gas
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It has always
been connected to petroleum
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● Uses:
1
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3
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5
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It is used to make carbon black, a filler used in tyre manufacture
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The cement and fertiliser industries use it as an electrical source
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4
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It
is brown and greenish-black in colour
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● Chemical Nature:
From C-1 to C-40 saturated hydrocarbons make up petroleum
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This substance is composed of nitrogen,
sulphur, and oxygen
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The formation
of petroleum in nature has been explained by a number of different theories
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Here are two outdated theories:
1
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Organic Theory

● Modern Theory about origin of Petroleum:
According to contemporary thought, petroleum has a biological genesis
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The prehistoric
forest's vegetation life has also deteriorated and decayed
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For
millions of years, this organic material was exposed to extremely high temperatures and
pressures in the earth's interior
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● Deposition of Petroleum:
Under intense pressure, the petroleum that was produced gradually passed through the
permeable rocks
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It
was chosen here as a sizable reservoir
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Additionally, cracking petroleum on an industrial scale produces many hydrocarbons with a
variety of uses

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