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Kingdom
Before the domain taxon was introduced during the 1990s, the kingdom
ranked as the highest taxonomic level in classification
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The kingdoms Archaea and the Bacteria
each constitute a separate domain
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Phylum
The phylum (plural, phyla) ranks below the kingdom and above the class
in taxonomy
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Organisms are classified in a phylum or division based largely on general
body plan
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Insects, crabs, and
arachnids are examples of arthopoda
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Animals of the Phylum Chordata have an internal skeleton and a backbone
or notochord (a primitive backbone)
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CLASS
The class ranks below the phylum and above the order in taxonomy
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Amphibian and reptiles both belong to the Phylum Chordata, but each
belongs to a different class
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Members of the Class Reptilia (snakes, lizards, turtles, and tortoises)
reptiles have dry scaly skin and reproduce by laying small clutches of
leathery eggs on land
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The groups in an order have more in common with each other
than they do with other members of the same class
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Reindeer are
part of the Order Artiodactyla, which includes cloven-hoofed mammals;
cows, pigs, antelope, and giraffes are fellow artiodactyls
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Family
In taxonomy, the family ranks below the order and above the genus
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For example,
foxes, coyotes, lions, cats, otters, and weasels all belong to the Order
Carnivora
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lions andcats belongto the family Felidae; otters and weasels are
part of the family Mustelidae
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The groups of organisms in a genus share many structural
similarities and are very closely related
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The cat family, Felidae, includes lions, tigers, domestic cats, and
lynx
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Species

The species is the most fundamental unit in taxonomy and ranks at the
base of the biological classification hierarchy
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Organisms are grouped into a species based
on physical and genetic similarities

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