Notesale: Turn your study into money

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Reactions of Metals
Acid + Metal —> Salt + Hydrogen
You can use the reaction of different metal with dilute acids to work out how reactive they are
The most reactive metals will react explosively e
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sodium
...

Hydrogen can be confirmed by the burning splint test
The potassium should give off the loudest ‘squeaky pop’ as it
has the most vigorous reaction producing the most hydrogen
gas
...

The amount of energy given out by the reaction increases with the reactivity of the metal
...

Less reactive metals like magnesium, zinc and iron will not react with water but will with steam
...

This experiment cannot be done with aluminium
because it does not react with water
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Copper does not react with steam or water

The Reactivity Series

A more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal
A more reactive metal will displace a less reactive metal from its oxide because it will bond more
strongly to the oxygen
...
g
...
Oxidation (the loss of oxygen) and reduction (the gain of oxygen) happen
simultaneously
...

A more reactive metal will give a greater change in temperature than a less reactive metal

Iron
Iron and steel corrode to make rust
Rusting only happens when iron is in contact with
both oxygen and water
...

Water then becomes loosely bonded to the iron
(III) oxide and makes hydrated iron (III) oxide —
which we call rust
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BARRIER METHODS

• Painting/coating with plastic — ideal for big and small structures alike, can also be decorative
• Oiling/greasing — this has to be used when moving parts are involved e
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bike chains
2
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A coating of zinc can be
sprayed onto the object — this is known as galvanising
Big blocks of zinc can also be bolted to the iron



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