Notesale: Turn your study into money

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C++ Programming Language
C++ is one of the most popular programming languages in the world
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That's why it's used by large companies like Adobe, Google,
Microsoft, Netflix, and even government agencies like NASA
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The average salary of a C++ programmer in the US is just over
$170,000 a year
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You need to be able to learn from the C++ standard
library, but you also need to learn the language itself to master it
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It has influenced many programming
languages like C#, Java, and so-called "types of JavaScript" like TypeScript,
Dart, and more
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Many people find C++ a bit intimidating, but in reality, you don't need to
learn all of C++ to be able to write substantial programs
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If you want to learn more, there are
books specifically written on this topic
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We'll explore how you can write some really cool programs as
you're learning C++
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Then you will see that C++
is not really that difficult
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CLion is
cross-platform, so it runs on Windows, Mac, and Linux
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If you don't want to pay for
a license, you can use the Community Edition, which is free
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Creating Your First C++ Program
We're going to create our first C++ program together in the next lesson
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For now, just select "Start Trial
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It's
really simple and will only take a minute or two
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We can start our trial now
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" On the top, we can specify the location of this
project
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I'm
going to delete all this code because it maintains a file that is the main file
of our program
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cpp
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cpp
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With a little practice and patience, you can be on your
way to building amazing programs
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Make sure to type the code exactly as shown to avoid
errors
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• The first line of the program should start with #include followed by
the angle brackets and the name of one of the files in the standard

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library
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The
bottom of the library marks the end of our program
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Each operating
system uses a different machine code, so we have to compile our
program for each OS we want it to run on
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Afterwards, we
will look at some common expressions and errors that you may
encounter
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To change the appearance of the C++ editor, we can install new
themes, such as the popular Dracula theme
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Remember to pay close
attention to the code and compare it with your code if you
encounter any errors
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Each
part is about three to four hours long so you can easily complete it in a
day or two
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The second part explores intermediate-level concepts such as arrays,
pointers, strings, structures, enumerations, and streams
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For
example, if you want to build games with Unreal Engine which is a popular
gaming engine, you just need to learn about Unreal Engine
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Variables in C++
• We'll cover variables and to declare a variable in C++, first, we have
to specify the type of data we want to store
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Then terminate
this statement with a semicolon
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It's a good practice to follow
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We'll immediately see this warning
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This is garbage
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If
we declare an integer, it automatically gets initialized to zero
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We're going to talk
about different data types in the next part of this section
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If we print "a",
we're going to see one on the terminal right now
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By the way, we can also initialize multiple
variables on the same line so over here we can declare a second integer
let's call that counter so we add a comma and then declare counter, and
optionally we can initiate it to some value
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We should declare a separate variable on
separate lines
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We can call that temp
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Let's verify this so, let's run our program
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There are more exercises to help
you learn more!
Constants in C++
Next, we're going to talk about constants
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Also, it's a good practice to use capital letters when you name a constant
variable
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You can declare
a constant by adding "const" in front of the variable name
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Popular conventions for naming variables and constants vary
depending on the team
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The more consistent the code, the easier it is to read, understand,
and maintain
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The increment operator
(++) can be used as a shorthand notation for adding 1 to a variable
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Similarly, the decrement
operator (--) can be used to subtract 1 from a variable
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If we apply the increment operator to x,
the result will be stored in x
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Finally, a new operator is introduced to add a new number of variables
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The more
consistent your code is, the easier it is to maintain
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In math or any programming language, the multiplication and division
operators always have a higher priority than addition or subtraction
operators
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Programming a stream represents a sequence of characters, and the
standard output is our console or terminal window
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While we will talk about strings later in the course, in this lesson, I'm going
to show you a few more techniques for writing to the console or the
terminal window
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Exercise:
Imagine you have made $95,000 in your store
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State tax is 4%,
whereas county tax is 2%
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//Solutiondouble sales = 95000
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04 * sales;double county_tax = 0
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The state tax is 0
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County Tax Calculation
The county tax rate is 2%, so we calculate and print the county tax
accordingly
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We use the const keyword for the tax rate to easily reference it in other
parts of the code
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Standard Input/Output Strings
c out represents the standard output stream, while c in represents the
input stream
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Proper naming conventions should be used for variables to increase clarity
and reduce ambiguity
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The solution involves asking the user for a temperature in Fahrenheit,
converting it into Celsius, then printing it on the terminal
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Simple Calculator
The code for a simple calculator program is shown
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The Floor Function in C++
The floor function in C++ takes an input of type double and returns
another double
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The code is written in the main function to use the floor
function
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First, we will ask the user to enter the radius
of the circle
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// Ask the user to enter the radius of the circlecout
<< "Enter radius: ";double radius;cin >> radius;//
Calculate the area of the circleconst double pi =

3
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0);// Print
the area of the circlecout << "Area: " << area <<
endl;
As you can see, we've used the power function to get radius to the power
of two
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Now, let's explore the fundamental data types in C++ in detail
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We'll explore
various types for representing numbers and their differences
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We will also learn how we use characters
and strings as well as arrays which we use for storing a list of values
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