Notesale: Turn your study into money

Document Preview

Extracts from the notes are below, to see the PDF you'll receive please use the links above

---

WORK PANEL

CHAPTER I
...
1
...
2
...
3
...
SCIENTIFIC FOUNDATION OF THE WORK
2
...
Phase II of the sustained counterattack
...
2
...
3
...
4
...
5
...
Elaboration of the preparation and game methods of the second phase of the attack

CHAPTER III
...
1
...
2
...
3
...
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
4
...
Presentation of data in the form of tables and graphs
4
...
Data analysis and identification

CHAPTER V
CONCLUSIONS AND PROPOSALS
BIBLIOGRAPHY

1

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

In order to improve the training process, this work presents methods and means of
achieving the II of children's and junior handball, which apply in the process of training
and training the players to lead to more and more valuable results
...

As regards the selection of players, there is an increasingly pronounced tendency to give
preference to tall players, as it has been seen that their performance is generally higher
than the performance of medium and small players, a conclusion fully illustrated by the
results on the field obtained in the case of major international confrontations
...

The predominant feature of the training process is the individualized training, which is
increasingly becoming the basis of training good players
...

The resounding successes of Romanian handball are largely due to the talented players who
fought with courage and spirit of sacrifice, without sparing any effort, being aware of the
huge responsibility they had in the confrontations with the strongest teams in the world
...
Training a player requires time,
patience and indulgence, due to the different tasks he performs
...


2

1
...
THE PURPOSE AND CURRENTNESS OF THE WORK
Handball is a sports branch that evolves rapidly
...
Its evolution
now it has led the specialists from all over the world to undertake a series of actions in
order to find the most appropriate ways of entry, organization and not last but not least
selection, at all levels of handball participation
...

To meet the requirement of playing a modern game, players are needed to develop
maximum performance and efficiency in the game
...

The increase in performance in handball, worldwide, requires a more rigorous selection of
players for performance and high performance handball
...

We must objectively know the value of each player, especially those selected in the
representative teams at all levels
...
This
system, with all the complexity of the tests to which the athletes are subjected, cannot
express the side of the performance developed by the player during a game
...

-2The successes of Romanian handball are related to the laborious activity of FRH, but
especially of some reputable specialists in our field of activity, who competed in the
"Romanian School of Handball" and who brought numerous improvements to the
conceptual heritage of international handball
...
One of these underutilized resources
is the motor training pathways
...
Each level represents an intermediate model of training and
performance
...


1
...
THE ROLE OF SELECTION IN ACHIEVING
PERFORMANCES

The scientific selection of children and adolescents for performance sports activity
is conditioned by the knowledge of the laws of growth and development of the human
body, of the processes and phenomena that are the basis of the physical and mental
evolution of future performers
...

From the aforementioned, it is clear that the selection is not a unique operation, done once
and for all, but as an evolutionary, indestructible process linked to the somatic,
functional, mental and motor growth and development of the child or adolescent
...


4

In practice, the selection is made up of a continuous process, which takes place over a
variable period of time, depending on the characteristics of each sport
...
To support this statement, it is necessary to show that the optimal
age for selection in handball is 6-8 years, the age at which the required attitudes of the
specifics of the game appear better outlined in the children's component
...
Through this
stage, a delimitation of the content of the training and education process is aimed at
creating the premises of a work with maximum yield and efficiency, knowing the
objective possibilities of learning, training, development and improvement of all physical
parameters, techniques, psychological tactics
...

b) The initial selection (2), which aims to form groups of advanced children
...

d) The intermediate selection (2), which aims to form the representative group of juniors II
...

The selection is a dynamic and continuous process
...
This should not be understood as happening a haphazard
and anarchic fuctuation, the entry and exit of children and juniors in and out of these
echelons, being directed directly and directly by the coach
...
With the exception of the
beginner level where the selection takes place only horizontally, at the others levels, the
horizontal selection is present continuously, and the vertical selection is carried out
periodically by promoting in
-4-

the upper echelon when the age conditions are met, but especially those of the degree of
training
...
The horizontal
selection is very active and intense in the grading of children, especially at the higher
levels (juniors I and II), where the establishment of groups and teams is greater
...
It must be
objective and increasingly demanding as one goes up to the higher echelons
...

Unlike this stage, at the level of the selection of handball players we distinguish only three
stages:
- the initial selection
- intermediate selection
- the final selection
a) The initial selection refers to the need to find those children who show the appropriate
skills for the sport, from among the beginner groups formed
...

-5c) The purpose of the final selection is to establish the number of players, at the age of
junior III, the players with whom the specific training for the sport will continue
...


6

In order for the possibility of obtaining performances to be high, the selected child must
have a high degree of health, a harmonious physical development and at the level of the
requirements of the game, motor qualities corresponding to the content of the game and
mental qualities required by the specific training and competence in handball
...
For the objective determination
of the value of each of the sides, certain selection criteria are used in this activity
...
In the practice of handball, all
these four categories of criteria are currently used and with appropriate results
...
The child or junior must not have any kind of ailments that contraindicate
physical effort
...
The results of the
medical examination will be known by the coach, and he will take them into
consideration both in the selection process, at all levels of children and juniors, and for
years there are situations that claim this
...
For this, an anthropometric examination is performed, the
measurements taking to the main parameters included in the somatic profile of the
performance handball player
...
The somatoscopic examination is also carried out, which can
remove certain deficiencies in physical development
...


7

Motor criteria
It is applied in order to determine the volume and quality of basic and specific motor skills
for handball, on the one hand, and the level of development of motor skills, especially
those involved in the game, on the other hand
...

Considering the fact that this category of criteria illustrates the situation of some of the
most important factors for achieving performance, the coach must have a detailed, real
and up-to-date record of them
...

These qualities are very numerous and are on the sides of the psychological competition of
sports training: intellectual, affective and volutive
...
The level as such can be established by the coach during the
training activity and in competitions, with quite high accuracy through pedagogical
observation (motivation, diligence, perseverance, the desire to overcome oneself , team
spirit, competitive spirit, etc
...
Together they will
establish the directions, content and mode of action in order to perfect the mental
qualities necessary to achieve performance in handball
...


8

1
...
GUIDELINES REGARDING THE HANDBALLIST'S
MODEL
AT THE BEGINNER GROUPS

For methodological reasons, to which was added the existence of an official competition,
foreseen in the centralized sports calendar of FRHandbal, for the groups of beginners the
echelon is divided into two sub-stages
...
The teacher must carry out these actions with a lot
of pedagogical tact, with patience and perseverance and the collaboration with the doctor
is required as a condition for the objectification of these operations
...
The relationship between the global and analytical method
In the process of initiation and learning of the minimal technical-tactical content, the global
method of teaching handball must be used above all
...

The use of movement and training juniors in a large proportion in relation to the other
means, leads to the acquisition of the technical-tactical elements of the game at a higher
level, compared to the level achieved through their isolated practice
...
There are a multitude
of games, the teacher will be able to choose with more easily the most indicated games,
in relation to the particularities and evolution of the group
...

-8to the teacher a series of additional indications, which will lead both to meeting and
enriching the skills, knowledge and skills included in the game, as well as, especially, to

9

orienting the technical-tactical executions towards what we need, in order to focus the
transfer of skills in handball game practice
...

During the practice of the game, the phase or some of their sequences, the correctness of
the tactical exercises must be followed, without exaggerating the demands
...
If the incorrectness in the
execution becomes worrying and does not improve progressively, the teacher is obliged
to intervene through the analytical method in the formation and consolidation of the
technical skill created
...
Through this,
children are stimulated and attracted, participate with pleasure and with as much interest
as possible
...
The attractive character of the lessons
At the level of beginner groups, when children are just entering the field of performance
handball, the attractive nature of the training lessons has a special, decisive role in the
definitive "winning" of children for handball and in their further evolution
...

-9-

10

Therefore, within this sub-stage, the lessons must be designed and built in an appropriate
form and content, with a wide variety of means, but especially having ensured an
attractive, stimulating, competitive and game character
...
Physical training
In order to orient the training work as well as possible, it must be specified that this substage begins the echelon that is characterized by ensuring a solid base of general and
multilateral training
...
At no time
should the problem of cultivating motor skills escapes the attention of the teacher-coach
...

The exercises for increasing motor quality indices, as well as for increasing general motor
skills, must represent approximately 50% of the total volume of training
...
The competitions
During this period it is contraindicated to follow the training of a team
...

The acquired technical-tactical skills are not yet sufficiently consolidated and therefore the
conditions of the official game (contact with the opponent, fatigue, errors) can lead either
to the narrowing of the baggage of technical executions, or to the deformation of specific
skills
...

It is recommended that the teams chosen as a playing partner be at a lower or at most equal
training level
...
Other methodical recommendations
The vast majority of passing and throwing processes are performed by whipping,
by throwing the ball
...
That is why it is
recommended to at the beginning perform a large number of throws with sheep balls,
tennis balls and even pebbles or chestnuts, where the conditions allow this
...

The marking of the opponent must be learned and perfected at the highest possible level to
be able to apply a man-to-man defense as offensive as possible in the game, otherwise the
only defense system used in training
...
They are familiar
with the game, to be accommodated with the effort during the training lessons
...
On the one hand, all the elements provided in the model
must be covered, of course, except for those included in the minimal technical-tactical
content acquired in the previous substage
...

At this stage, the first competition provided in the centralized sports calendar of the FRH
appears

1
...
From now on, however, they must
gradually enter the secrets of the game, preparing consciously and ever more intensively
...

-11-

12

2
...
40%) of the total
workload
...
Multilateral technical-tactical preparation
The technical-tactical training must train the children in the basic skills for all the
positions of a team (the goalkeeper position can be an exception, but not the child who
will specialize in this position)
...
Against
the background of basic universalization, towards the end of this substage, the
specialization of players by positions will begin, but without to "force" this
...


4
...

On the one hand, specialized literature recommends the early and large-scale introduction
of competitions at this age, according to which the competition dominates, and the
instructive-educational process is subordinated to the objective of occupying a leading
place in the ranking
...
Very big mistake, at this age and
at this level, the competition must primarily represent a means of checking the children's
skill in applying technical-tactical elements in the game acquired and, secondly, an
effective form of training on the long and difficult path that leads to high performance
...
The relationship between the global and analytical method
13

In the preparation process, the global method will have the greatest weight
...

Like the first sub-stage, dynamic and preparatory games will be used to a large extent for
the acquisition and even consolidation of some skills, the technical-tactical elements will
be learned and consolidated under the conditions of practicing the sequences, phases and
the global game
...
They will be detached from the group
and will practice in isolation, according to the analytical method, the procedure or action
in which they are deficient
...


6
...
Therefore, it is necessary to emphasize the requirement that
the teacher be permanently concerned with the organization and conduct of lessons with
varied, attractive means to continuously stimulate children's interest, to make them love
handball more and more and training to become handball players
...
1 PHASE II
...

This phase of the attack requires both players with strong and accurate finishing to be a
constant threat
...
If this phase of the attack is well and correctly
understood, it will be the basis on which the following phases of the attack will be built
...
2
...

Often the counter-attacking points are embarrassed by the interception markings of the
folded opponent
...
In such situations, the 9 m players must act quickly in attack,
trying to surprise the unorganized opposing defense, or at most in the process of
organizing
...

-14-

15

The efficiency of the sustained counterattack should not be neglected and that is why it is
urgently necessary for every performance team to be concerned with the systematic
preparation of this phase
...

Depending on how the completion is done, the sustained counterattack can be
systematized as follows:
-sustained counterattack completed by throwing from a distance, carried out by the players
from 9 m
...

So, the sustained counterattack can be presented in two variants:

VARIANT I
a) The departure of the counterattack peaks, which constitutes the first wave
...

c) Passing the ball from the other half of the field by the players of the second wave
...


VARIANT II
a) The departure of the counterattack peaks, which represents the first wave
...

c) Passing the ball from the other half of the field by the players of the second wave
...

16

e) Employing semicircle players in a clear position to the ball holder
...

As can be seen from phase Ia of the attack, new elements appear in the development of the
sustained attack:
-passes for transporting the ball into the opponent's field
a) Passes thrown over the shoulder;
b) The pass launched with the hand and with both hands;
c) Pass from pronation, to the back, to the back of the neck, pass under the axial, etc
...

WHY?
To avoid the danger of being penalized for dangerous play against the direct opponent
...
Next is the throw and the landing
...


17

From a technical point of view, the sequence of movement is as follows: the ball caught on
the right foot does not step to the left, but makes a jump with the right, naturally landing
on the same foot, stepping sideways with the left foot
...
He
executes the tackle while raising his body in the air, twists to the right, brings the ball
from the bottom back up, over the right shoulder and, avoiding the arms of the defender,
throws it past him to gate
...

The screen - is usually made by the ball carrier to favor the shot at the goal from a
distance
...

The structure of the sustained counterattack, as it was presented, indicates the importance
of knowing the basic technical procedures of this sport
...

Another recommendation of the dedicated trainings for the preparation of these attack
phases, is the predictable thing; the action should be executed at the right time
...
, are some of the tasks that must be
solved during training hours
...
Among the most frequent are:
delays in playing the ball, inappropriate use of dribbling, low efficiency in goal kicks
...


2
...
BIOLOGICAL PARTICULARS IN AGE
CHILDREN AND JUNIORS

The research carried out by specialists in the field shows the increase in the capacity of the
body of children and juniors to cope with motor tasks with increased indices of speed,
skill and resistance, boys showing greater availability than girls
...

They allow performing movements with a higher degree of coordination and favoring at the
same time the improvement of the execution of acquired motor acts
...

At this age, the period of anatomical-functional and psychological growth ends
...
The successes or failures that appear in the field towards
who have channeled their energies cause great dissatisfaction or troubles that can have
special influences on their further development
...

-18-

Nervous system and analyzers

19

In the post-pubertal stage, the dynamic balance is more stable between excitation and
cortical inhibition, which favors the formation and longer retention of new movement
skills formed during physical education and sports activities
...

These are better maintained thanks to the systematic practice of physical education and
sports, which must become a permanent part of every young person's life
...

It should be noted that both the central nervous system and the analyzers have a lower
resistance to long-term excitations, fatigue occurs more easily in post-pubescents than in
adults
...

The muscle strength in both boys and girls lags behind adults, this is also due to a poor
mobilization of the motor units that are acquired as a result of the training process carried
out systematically over long periods
...
Heart rate and blood pressure show
values close to those of adults, especially in young people who regularly practice physical
education and sports
...

Scientists unanimously agree that the true heart is that of athletes, other people having a
"degenerate" heart
...

It is appreciated that the post-pubertal stage remains the most suitable period for practicing
performance sports, as the functional indices of the devices approach those of adults
...

In order for the physical education teachers to be able to perform the activity at the desired
parameters, and for the students to be stimulated, accurate records must be kept regarding
the somato-functional development indices, the evolution of performances by trimesters
and years of study, participation in sports competitions, etc
...
This can
only be achieved if the teacher knows well the biological and physiological age of each
student, as well as his effort capacity
...
4
...

Physical training is the basis, the foundation, on which the technical-tactical training can
then be built
...

In the game of handball, physical training is a basic component of the instructiveeducational process
...

-20In conclusion, we can say that the particularly important role of physical training is to
optimize the athlete's morphological and motor index
...

In this context, it is about a certain level of motor quality, because the entire technique and
tactics as well as mental resources are implemented based on them
...
Each sport has its own characteristics regarding the nature of the
effort
...

b) Private submaximal and maximal efforts through the prism of effort intensity
...

Secondly, by measuring the respiratory rate, which in maximal effort has values of 30-40
breaths/minute, and in submaximal effort 35-45 breaths/minute
...

d) Complex efforts in which the motor qualities have a diversified palette of the
representation of the regime in which they are manifested:
- resistance in speed, force mode
-21-speed in power mode
- strength in resistance mode
...
The game, through its technical
and tactical components, requires a set of skills and basic motor skills to be supported by
optimal psychological parameters
...

The handball player must possess an intelligence quotient that facilitates the acquisition of
individual and collective tactics
...

Sporting results from the perspectives of the game and of obtaining training are obtained
through a lot of preparation and effort on the part of those included in this activity
...

The general physical training aims at equipping the player with various motor skills,
increasing the functional capacity of the body and developing the motor capacity required
in the stage and level of training that the athlete needs to achieve
...

Through its final objectives, the specific training aims especially at the development of
motor qualities and the body's effort capacity adapted to the technical-tactical tasks of the
handball player
...

For the highest possible yield, the following can be used:

-22-exercises for motor skills specific to handball players
- repeating the procedures and actions specific to the positions;

23

- repetition of game phases characteristic of attack and defense as well as their connection;
- fully practicing the game;
Higher physical training according to Professor Leon Teodorescu would have the following
sequence of objectives and activities in training:
- development of general resistance;
- development of general strength and physical development;
- the development of general resistance coupled with the increase of general strength;
-maintaining individual technique, possibly starting to learn a new tactic
team;
- development and education of reactive speed;
- development and education of execution speed;
- the development and education of receptive speed;
- improving relaxation;
- the development and improvement of muscular resistance in strength mode;
- development and education of movement speed;
- improving resistance in speed mode;
-improving resistance in relaxation mode;
- improving endurance in game mode
...
In order to
be able to control to what extent the physical training objectives have been achieved, a
series of tests and control norms are established; whose elements have no perspective in
performance sports
...
3psychic qualities that, through their presence in the athlete's intimate structure, can propel
him towards exceptional results in performance
...


24

Whether we call it a factor, component, system or subsystem, the psyche is fully engaged
in any activity, more useless as a condition of any form of human action and secondly as
an optimization agent of perfect conduct
...
Tactic is the mental
activity of developing problematic situations
...

Technique is the way to perform a certain thing
...
Therefore, the physical training of students and athletes will have the following
psychological basis:
- dynamic and static balance
-reactive and repetitive time
- speed of execution and movement
- orientation of body movements in space
- the ability to self-appreciate
-confidence in one's own strength
Physical training ensures the athlete's dialogue with his own body, with his goals, with his
partner, with his opponent or with nature, in the difficult conditions of seeking
performance
...

-24Performance capacity is the result of a process of perfecting the executive systems of the
individual, of which the biological and psychological systems are part, which in turn are
made up of the morphological, functional systems
...
In the training
process we must discover the qualities and defects that we can we correct, mitigate or
compensate when needed
...

- speed work can only be performed for a short time, as it is a maximum intensity effort,
and cannot be maintained for a long time, as it is produced in anaerobic conditions and a
large oxygen debt is contacted
...

In the second phase of the attack we encounter the following forms of manifestation of
speed:
a) Reaction speed - or latent, is present in the form of wave start
...
A good reaction speed will constitute a
favorable premise for a good starting speed
...
12 m, break 30'')
...

-sprints over a distance of 10-12 m with stops and turns at sound signals (3 sound signalsdosing 5 repetitions, 30'' break)
...

In order to have the most correct and effective technique and speed in the training,
executions of the form are used:
-running with extended knees;
- running on the spot and moving forward, with the high lifting of the knees (emphasis on
the correct work of the braces, optimal inclination of the trunk and correction with
exhalation)
...
This type of student training is carried out whenever needed
...
The speed
of the movements is primarily determined by the nervous activity corresponding to the
cerebral cortex, which causes tension and relaxation of the muscles, directs and
coordinates the movements
...

In this context, execution speed can be improved by developing, first of all, muscle strength
and the ability to perform high efforts in a short period of time
...
More and more

27

often in training lessons, coaches are concerned with finding solutions to educate the
preparation of athletes, to use stretching exercises
...
The level of technical training is manifested by repeating the
technical procedures in as large a number as possible to bring the necessary skill to the
required executions
...


c) Skill
In order to better understand this motor quality, we must show that it represents the attitude
of the athlete to acquire and perform motor actions with different degrees of difficulty,
precisely and economically directing the movements in time and space with the necessary
speeds and tensions in full accordance with the imposed conditions and with the
situations that appear during the action
...
) of previous motor experience
...

This quality can be developed through all the drive systems related to the acquisition of
skills and motor skills, but also through activities aimed at perfecting the ability to apply
knowledge, skills and motor skills
...

The training exercises are introduced at the beginning of the training hours and during the
warm-up of the body for the effort
...


-27Here are some circuits used:

28

CIRCUIT I
I - climbs on the gymnastic bench with the character behind - 10 times
...

III – knee flexions – 20 times
...

V - sitting with a partner on the back, the top of the legs resting on an inclined plane, lifting
on the tips - 10 times
...

Duration of the circuit = 30', break 20'
...
and

CIRCUIT II
I - jumps with the knee raised horizontally - 10 times
...

III – lying down: push-ups at a fast pace – 10 times
...

V – lying down, lifting in extension and lowering the trunk performed quickly
10 times
...


-28-

29

CIRCUIT III
I – lying forward, fast push-ups 5x5
...

III - jumps over the gymnastic bench with close feet - 20 times
...

V – quick pass with the handball 30'' times 3 repetitions
...

Often in the actions during the handball game, the contact with the opponent poses a big
problem for both the defending and attacking players
...


2
...
MEANS OF ACHIEVING THE PREPARATION
TECHNICAL-TACTICS OF THE SPECIALIZED PLAYER
ON THE POSTS IN THE SECOND PHASE OF THE ATTACK

The sustained counterattack, or the second phase of the attack, is the continuation of phase
I, if during phase I no means were found to complete it, this task is taken over by the
sustained counterattack, which through its availability could solve the goal situation
...

-29Next, we present the actions that each player performs on the post or during phase II
...

In order to be able to fulfill these obligations in training, the goalkeepers will perform
structured exercises aimed at ball recoveries and ball handling
...

- the goalkeeper, in a fundamental position, recovers balls thrown at a greater distance
...

- the goalkeeper with his back to the direction from where the ball comes at the signal turns
quickly, recovers the ball, recovered without letting it touch the ground
...

-recovery of balls that stop on the net above the goal
...

- long distance throws with crossed or added strides
...

end
The actions carried out by the players on these positions in phase II are:
- running with changes in direction and pace
...

-30- the screen
- the blockage

31

- the throw at the goal from the diving jump
...

a
...

-running for 20 m between the milestones placed every 5 m
...

-running all over the field, at the signal the players change direction
...
in situations where the wingers failed to complete the pass, they are obliged to
pass back to the players in the second line
...

We present some executions that have been verified in practice and that have entered the
range of efficient structures:
- step in a V with the tip back; In front are placed the counterattack points and at the top a
player of the 9 m line, (it is recommended that the player in the 9 m line does not have
the movement speed of the extremes
...

-step in a V with the tip forward
...


-31-

32

Figure 1

- it will be insisted on the preparation of the trunk when passing to the players from the 2nd
line
...


Figure 2

-32- steps in the scale;
33

- for inter -extreme- inter which makes the completion; the players act on the same plan of
attack;
- 3 passes can be used, after which completion must be done
...


Figure 3

- passes in 4: the ball leaves from the goalkeeper - extreme left - extreme right - inter right
...

Dosage 6x2 series
...


-33-

34

Figure 4

The ball passes from one spike to the other, which spike "turns" it to a player in the
second wave to complete it
...

c
...

In order to instruct this training sequence, teachers and coaches have at hand a series of
structures that should be included in one's own technical-tactical baggage, to be practiced
to perfection
...


35

Figure 5
Extremes placed on the opposite semi-circle: 9m players execute away passes
when they reach 10-20m
...
The inner right engages the extreme left
...


Figure 6

-35-

36

Figure 7

The players are arranged in a line of 3
...

Dosage 10 times
...


-3637

Figure 8

The players are divided into pairs on the 9 m line and with extreme players
...

Rest between sets 2 minutes
...

The extreme right simulates a penetration towards the edge of the field, suddenly changes
the direction of travel and infiltrates the semicircle, receives the ball and finishes
...

Break 30''
...

Dosage 8x2 series
...


-39-

40

Fig
...


The left winger passes to the goalkeeper, runs, receives the ball which he passes to the
other winger who makes an attempt without the ball with the player in the center, passes
to the 9 m player and makes a central screen that completes
...

Rest between repetitions 30''
...
12
...

Over the screen made by the winger and the center, then on the pass received from the
winger, the midfielder
...

Break 30''
...
13
...

Dosage 8 x 2
...


-42-

43

Fig
...


The far right passes to the goalkeeper, who passes the ball to the far left who crosses with
the 9 m player
...

Dosage 8 x 2 series
...


-43-

44

Fig
...


Players arranged in 3 rows: the goalkeeper engages the ball towards player I who passes to
player II with whom he crosses; quickly turns and runs to the semi-circle, where he
receives the ball from player III who blocks a defender and then shoots at the goal
...

Rest between repetitions 30''
...

- it is marked in the semi-circle only if the lateral defender has not folded or if he comes out
to attack the full-back on his side
...

In the second phase of the pivotal attack, he has the following actions that he must perform:
- the semicircle infiltration
- catching the passed ball strongly and throwing it at the goal from a jumped dive
- screen - blockage
Infiltrating the semi-circle is an action that the pivot must master well because often his
finishes are the result of placing him behind the defenders who come out to the opponent
with the ball
...

In the training of the teams, a series of structures are used which, through their content,
justify the choice
...
The pass in three, movement, finished with the employment of the pivot infiltrates
behind the active and significant defenders:

-45-

46

Fig
...


Dosage 3 x 2 series
Rest between repetitions 30''
...
17

Dosage 3 x 2 series
Rest between repetitions 30''
...
18

Dosage 3 x 2 series
Rest between repetitions 30''
...
19

The defenders are semi-active, trying to oppose the resistance especially when starting in
the second phase and passing the ball
...

The player on the pivot position is characterized by a very good grip on the ball
...

That's why in the training of catching the ball by the pivot, the "pass sut" will be used
precisely to form this skill
...
20

The players in two rows start passing in pairs with movement (maximum 3 passes) and
employ a running shot pass to one of the pivots left to the other semicircle
...

Dosage 4 x 2 series
Break between exercises 20''
...
21

The players available in the inter, extreme and pivot positions
...
The pivot runs
to the opposite semicircle; the winger is launched by Inter with a deep pass, he dribbles
inward, passes to Inter and he with a strong pass engages the pivot who finishes
...


-51-

52

Fig
...

The pivot passes to the left winger who comes launched and throws at the goal or engages
the pivot with a shot pass
...


-52-

53

Fig
...
3

The action starts centrally, demarcated on the right side to receive the ball, passes
to the midfielder 10-12 m to the side of the goal
...
9 m on the left side, receives the ball
with a strong pass and either throws it or continues with the pass to the extreme right
...


-53-

54

Fig
...

The winger with a strong pass engages the pivot who throws at the goal from the diving
dive
...
Rest between repetitions 30''
...
Next, we present some models that the pivots perform
when the situation on the field requires it:

Fig
...
The goalkeeper
passes the ball to the right midfielder who passes the ball to the winger on his side, who
passes the ball to the pivot 10-11 m from the goal
...

Dosage: 6 times
...


Fig
...
The goalkeeper
takes the left wing
...
Pass the ball to the
pivot who engages the inside for the finish
...

Dosage: 6 x 2 series
...


-55-

56

Fig
...
The ball reaches the extreme right, located 11-12
m from the left-side gate, passes to the pivot located in the central position at 10 m
...

Dosage: 6 x 8 times
...


Fig
...
The center
passes to the pivot 9 m from the goal
...

Dosage: 6 x 8 times
...


Fig
...
At 10-12 m to the right side of the goal, he
receives the pass from the goalkeeper
...
The pivot makes screens at 7-8 m for the left winger who
finishes over the screen made by the pivot
...
Rest between repetitions 30''
...

We present below the structure of exercises that succeeded in solving the tasks of the pivot
that he can have in the second phase of the attack and in the attack in the system:

-57-

58

Fig
...

The right winger launches the winger from his side at 10 m
...

Dosage: 3 x 2 series
...


Fig
...
32
The right winger launches the winger on the right side 14-15 m laterally; the
winger passes to the center who is launched and penetrates the blocking of the pivot with
a throw at the goal
...
Rest between repetitions 30''
...
33
-59-

60

The right winger launches the winger on his side, he steps to the center 15 m to the right
side, continues with a step to the left winger who, 14-15 m from the goal, changes
direction, penetrates the pivot block and throws at the goal
...
Rest between repetitions 30''
...
43
The extrema is launched by the left wing about 10-11 m laterally
...

Dosage: 3 x 2 series
...

The pivot must respect the following rules in the second phase of the attack:
- he sits in the central area of the 9 m semicircle to catch the ball and pass the midfielder or
the center that is launched towards the goal
...


INTER
From a technical-tactical point of view, the player on the inter position in the second phase
of the attack must have the following requirements:
-60-

61

a)-running at speed
b)-passing the ball in attack by passing at speed
c)-throws at the goal:
- from jumping with crossed steps;
- from jumping with a leaping step
...

In order to have the II phase the players of the 9 m line must be dynamic, mobile, cross the
field in the shortest possible time to be able to surprise the opponent with speed
...

b) Sending the ball into the attack by passing at high speed and in as few passes as possible
(3-4), I have already described them when I talked about the players on the extreme
position
...

c) Throws at the goal through the procedures listed above will complete the actions of the
inter team
...

d) The employment passes of the semicircle players must be well learned because, often,
these employments can bring goals for the own team
...
Of course, in the instructive process we use many more structures, but we
consider that it would be enough if we exemplify only with this one:

Fig
...
The route of the players can be seen in the adjacent
drawing:
Dosage: 10 x 2 series
...


Fig
...

Dosage: 8 x 2 series
...


63

-62-

Fig
...
The midfielder ensures the circulation of the ball by passing it to the back of
the other midfielder who, through a jump pass, engages the player in circulation
...
Rest between repetitions 1'30''
...
38
The players are placed as follows: 2 pivots, 2 extremes, 3 full left, 3 full right
...

Dosage: 8-10 series
...


64

-63-

Fig
...
Crossing at 9-10 m followed by a pass from the jump of the pivot
...

e) The requirement for players to overtake their direct opponents by changing directions,
will be exercised by imposing it in all situations in which they are in front of the
opponent
...

f) The screens made by the soldiers in phase II are sporadic, without being representative
elements for this phase of the attack
...

That is why in the preparation it was insisted that the officers carry out screens precisely
in the previously stated idea
...

Next we give an example, emphasizing that we did not make this a goal of the preparation,
instead we treated it with all seriousness when we prepared the attack in the system, that
is, the second phase of the attack:

65

-64-

Fig
...
Break 1'
...
41
Movement with crossing between the insiders who, after passing the ball, make a screen
(blockage)
...
Break 1'
...
Starting at speed in the second phase and running fast in the opponent's half of the field,
mainly looking for short passes
...

- the pass to the other inter if it comes from behind
...

All the structures of catching and defense exercises are means of preparation for the
"center" player
...
The demarcation technique must
be well mastered as and taking close-ups at the ball
...

- to launch the counterattack only if there is no risk of passing it to the interceptors
...

- with short passes with the nearest player who is free
...

The order of subspecializations in relation to postures is as follows:
THE GOALKEEPER : - he does not ask this question, but the improvement of
the preparation to reach the highest mastery
...

EXTREME RIGHT :-same as extreme left
...

LEFT INTERIOR AND RIGHT INTERIOR : - everyone must master the
game in the other positions in the 9 m line, outside of the position they are specialized in
...

CENTER :- the main subspecialization of the player, "center" is the pivot
position
...


2
...
DEVELOPMENT OF PREPARATION AND GAME
MODELS
OF THE SECOND PHASE OF THE ATTACK

Lately there is a tendency to look at the knowledge process only as a modeling and as any
image, epistemological as a model, thus losing the specificity of modeling as one of the
models of knowledge of reality, which exist, and other models
...
competition conditions
...

From the progress of a match, it can be observed that the defense and attack models follow
each other in approximately equal parts, something that will have to be taken into account
in the design of the training lesson
...

This can be seen in the figures below
...
are currently used, depending on the
topic we have proposed to research and the directions we intend to explore
...

In the present paper I used methods and techniques of research with an investigative
character and methods of analysis and interpretation
...
During the
training hours, in the competitions, the behavior of the students is observed
...

I followed the way the subjects approach the situations:
- reliable, dominant or on the contrary, how he reacts to tasks interested: with interest and
responsiveness, if he listens and understands the instructions or if he rushes to execute
without understanding or if he is indifferent or opposed to the effort
...

It is not without interest to observe the reactions of the sub-classes in the face of
difficulties, successes or failures, if following these events they were self-critical,
indifferent, felt the need to justify, etc
...

THE EXPERIMENT - seen as a motor activity oriented towards a specific goal,
has a premeditated character, aiming to produce a phenomenon - the second phase of the
attack under the conditions we want
...
This experiment
that we are carrying out takes place in natural conditions during training hours, sports
assembly and competitions
...

After ensuring some optimal physical training parameters that allow the practice of the II-th
phase of the attack, I introduced at the level of children and juniors the III independent
variable (means verified from the point of view of their efficiency, and then the
dependent variable was recorded at competitions
...
Through
this method we manage to learn from the structure of individual phenomena generally
variable meanings and even establish the trends of the phenomena
...
At the same
time, we wanted to make this presentation to be able to retain the volume of information,
to be able to learn the essential general in an easier way
...


ORGANIZATION AND CONDUCT OF RESEARCH

In the present paper, we proposed the following objectives:
1) Verification of the influence of some methods, means and structures of physical and
technical training exercises necessary to achieve the second phase of the attack at the
level of children and junior III
...

3) The way it is applied during the game, the second phase of the attack and its
completion
...
At the beginning of the experiment, they had
beginner's knowledge, and during the experiment, through repetitions, they began to
advance and even reach a minimum level of specialization
...


72

-71The duration was 8 months
...
A selection of means and exercises was made for the second phase of the
attack, consecrated and known by the specialist for their efficiency, which were
introduced in the training plan
...

We have established the time interval at which the athletes will be tested
...

-30 m dribbling-straight line
...

-5 x 15 square meters
...

After two months of training and preparation, I did another test with the same motor tests
mentioned above
...


73

-72-

CHAPTER IV
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

4
...
1
...
03
...
2
...
03
...
3

DATE: 30
...
2004

75

MEETING: CSS HUNEDOARA- AVRAM IANCU SCORE: 21-19

ATTACK

TEAM
HALF I
PHASE I
COMPLETED 1' 24'
COUNTERATTACK LAME DUCK 6' 12'
PHASE II
COMPLETED 10' 3'
COUNTERATTACK LAME DUCK 22' 19'
SUSTAINED
PHASE III
COMPLETED 5' 15'
ORGANIZATION
LAME DUCK 8'
game
PHASE IV
COMPLETED 18' 7' 13'
THE ATTACK IN
LAME DUCK 14' 24' 8'
THE SYSTEM
7m
COMPLETED 21'

TEAM
HALF II
HALF I
26' 42'
2' 13'
43'
5' 8'
30' 44' 49' 4' 23'
27' 36'
14' 20'

HALF II
31' 46'
41'
45' 37'
26' 47'

28' 40'

8' 9'

24' 32'

29' 33'

16' 24'

48'

46' 34' 38' 6' 12'

35' 27'

43'

11'

33'

45'

14' 19'

LAME DUCK

32'

-75-

REGISTRATION SHEET No
...


DATE: 04/06/2004
MEETING: CSS HUNEDOARA- AVRAM IANCU SCORE: 28-20

76

ATTACK

TEAM
HALF I
PHASE I
COMPLETED 7' 23' 25'
COUNTERATTACK
21'
LAME DUCK 2' 15'
PHASE II
COMPLETED 1' 3' 23'
25'
COUNTERATTACK LAME DUCK 19' 21'
SUSTAINED
PHASE III
COMPLETED 3' 12' 24'
ORGANIZATION
LAME DUCK
game
PHASE IV
COMPLETED 4' 19' 24'
THE ATTACK IN
LAME DUCK 3' 21'
THE SYSTEM
7m
COMPLETED 10' 16'

TEAM
HALF II
HALF I
29' 33' 48' 14' 24'

HALF II
47' 50'

27' 34'
26' 37'

16' 20'
13' 18'

30' 46'
28' 31'

32' 45'

15' 24'

28' 42'

28' 31' 50' 11' 22'

43' 49'

31' 43'

26' 39'

12' 23'

27' 35' 40' 12' 16' 19' 28' 31' 40'
27' 43'

12' 19' 20' 27' 33'

30'

20'

LAME DUCK

2
...
5
...
04
...
3'

-77-

REGISTRATION SHEET No
...


DATE: 20
...
2004
THE MEETING: AVRAM IANCU- CSS HUNEDOARA SCORE: 27-25

ATTACK
PHASE I

TEAM
HALF I
COMPLETED 1' 3' 23'

78

HALF II
26' 37'

TEAM
HALF I
12'

HALF II
26' 31'

COUNTERATTACK

16'19'25'
16' 20'
8' 21' 24'
25'
12' 22'

45'
30' 46'
43' 49'
50'
27' 33'
28' 31'
50'
28' 42'

LAME DUCK 3' 19' 21'
COMPLETED 7' 21' 23'
25'
COUNTERATTACK LAME DUCK 22'
SUSTAINED
PHASE III
COMPLETED 4' 19' 24'
ORGANIZATION
game
LAME DUCK 2' 15'

27' 30'
29' 33'
48'
32' 45'
28' 31'
50'
30' 45'

14' 18'

PHASE IV
THE ATTACK IN
THE SYSTEM
7m

27' 35'
40'
31' 43'
43'

8' 21' 24'

PHASE II

COMPLETED 3' 12' 20'
LAME DUCK 12' 20'
COMPLETED 10' 16'
LAME DUCK

25'

12' 19' 24'
17' 23'

47' 48'
50'
27' 39'
32' 49'

21'

-78-

REGISTRATION SHEET No
...


DATE: 03
...
2004
THE MEETING: AVRAM IANCU- CSS DEVA SCORE: 23-30

ATTACK

TEAM
HALF I

79

HALF II

TEAM
HALF I

HALF II

PHASE I
COMPLETED 1' 22' 3'
COUNTERATTACK LAME DUCK 2' 15'
PHASE II
COMPLETED 4' 19' 20'
24'
COUNTERATTACK LAME DUCK 21'
SUSTAINED
PHASE III
COMPLETED 7' 25' 23'
ORGANIZATION
LAME DUCK
game
PHASE IV
COMPLETED 10' 16' 21'
THE ATTACK IN
LAME DUCK 3' 19' 21'
THE SYSTEM
7m
COMPLETED 13' 3' 12'

29' 33' 48' 8' 14' 18'
27'
27' 35' 50' 11' 15'

26' 45'
30' 45'
28' 31' 40'

31' 34'

27' 39'

22'

28' 30' 44' 6' 9'
32'

47' 48' 50'

12' 19' 24' 28' 42'

26' 37' 40' 2' 21'

32' 36' 49'

43'

16' 20'

27' 33'

31' 46'

24'

32' 43'

LAME DUCK

25'

-79-

REGISTRATION SHEET No
...


DATE: 10
...
2004
MEETING: CSS DROBETA TURNU SEVERIN-AVRAM IANCU
SCORE: 27-23

ATTACK

TEAM
HALF I
PHASE I
COMPLETED 7' 21' 23'
COUNTERATTACK
25'

80

TEAM
HALF II
HALF I
27' 35' 40' 8' 14' 18'

HALF II
26' 45'

LAME DUCK 2' 15'
PHASE II
COMPLETED 4' 19' 24'
COUNTERATTACK LAME DUCK
SUSTAINED
PHASE III
COMPLETED 1' 3' 23'
ORGANIZATION
LAME DUCK 21'
game
PHASE IV
COMPLETED 3' 12' 20'
THE ATTACK IN
LAME DUCK 3' 19' 21'
THE SYSTEM
7m
COMPLETED 10' 16'

32' 45'
29' 33' 48' 11' 15'
27' 30'
22'

30' 46'
28' 31' 40'
27' 39'

26' 37'

6' 9'

47' 48' 50'

31' 43'

12' 19' 24' 28' 42'

28' 31' 50' 2' 21'

32' 36' 49'

27' 43'

16' 20'

27' 38'

34'

24'

32' 48'

LAME DUCK

25'

-80-

REGISTRATION SHEET No
...


DATE: 17
...
2004
MEETING: AVRAM IANCU-CSS DEVA SCORE: 23-24

ATTACK
PHASE I
COUNTERATTACK
PHASE II

TEAM
HALF I
COMPLETED 6' 9'
LAME DUCK 22'
COMPLETED 2' 21'

81

HALF II
32' 43'
27' 33'
32' 36'
49'

TEAM
HALF I
2' 21'
2' 19' 24'
8' 14' 18'

HALF II
28' 31'
40'
27' 42'
32' 43'

COUNTERATTACK LAME DUCK
SUSTAINED
PHASE III
COMPLETED
ORGANIZATION
game
LAME DUCK
PHASE IV
THE ATTACK IN
THE SYSTEM
7m

12' 19'
24'
8' 14' 24'
16' 20'

COMPLETED 11' 15'
LAME DUCK
COMPLETED 18'

30' 46'

2
...
10
...
05
...
3'
12'16'
19'24'

27' 33'
32' 36'
49'

COUNTERATTACK LAME DUCK 2' 15'
SUSTAINED
PHASE III
COMPLETED 1' 3' 22'
ORGANIZATION
game
LAME DUCK 3' 19' 21'

27' 34'

12' 22'

28' 42'

20' 31''
44'
31' 43'

8' 14' 18'

47' 48'
50'
27' 39'

PHASE IV
THE ATTACK IN
THE SYSTEM
7m

29' 33'
48'
32' 45'
30'

2' 21'

COMPLETED 4'19' 20'
24'
LAME DUCK 21'
COMPLETED 10' 16'
LAME DUCK

16' 20'

28' 31'
40'
12' 19' 24' 30' 46'
24'
26' 45'
25'

-82-

83

-83-

84

THE QUANTITATIVE DISTRIBUTION OF GOALS DURING THE PREPARATORY
PERIOD

-84-

85

EVOLUTION OF TRAINING DURING THE JUNIOR PREPARATION PERIOD III

-8586

4
...

The results obtained at the control tests were recorded and they can be consulted in the
attached table for the tests that test physical and tactical training
...
All this is explained by the fact
that the students were not randomly selected but only after they have met the advanced
child control rules
...
If at the beginning it is lower, it is due to
the physiological peculiarities characteristic of the child and junior III age
...

In conclusion, we can make the following statements regarding the way of running the
completion during this experiment: the students tend to perform a positional attack at the
beginning by introducing the means and structures of exercises for the development of
motor qualities and structures as well as exercises for mastering the technical elements of
the second phase and counter-attack, a greater increase in the number of goals is found,
and this by increasing the number of goals scored in the second phase and counter-attack,
a fact highlighted at the end of the training period that had as the objective of the second
phase of the attack
...
L
K
...
L

BI

DR

YES

ME

FB

GC

AG

OC

1
...

3
...


5
...


7
...


9
...


11
...


13
...


15
...


17
...


19
...


THE LEGEND

And the
name
First name

NO
...


+=enough
...
Inter

Dr
...
Inter

Pivot
...


Pivot
...
stg
...
St
...
St
...
Dr
...
Dr
...

of cattle
...


++/3pts

++/3pts

++/3pts

+/2pt
...


+/2pt
...


+/2pt
...


++/3pt
s

+/2pt
...


+/1
point

+/2pt
...


jam

++/3pts

++/3pts

+/2pt
...


+/2pt
...


Pas de
engageme
nt

THE LEGEND

+/2pt
...


+/2pt
...


+/2pt
...


+/2pt
...


Overlap

bounce

++/3pt
s
++/3pt
s
++/3pt
s
++/3pt
s
++/3pt
s
++/3pt
s
++/3pt
s
++/3pt
s
+ -= 1 point += 2
points
...


+/2pt
...


+/2pt
...


+/2pt
...


header
jumped

++/3p
ts
...


++/3p
ts
+/2pt
...


+/2pt
...


+/2pt
...


+/2pt
...


++/3p
ts
...


step
by
step
...
pt
nt

TOT
AL
pct
...
CONCLUSIONS
1
...

The subjects fall within the parameters given for this age by the theoretical model
...
It was also found that by using means and exercise structures for the second phase of the
attack, well selected and properly dosed, they enriched their technical and individual
baggage by acquiring the technical components of the second phase and which from a
qualitative point of view they were appreciated as very good and well acquired
...
At the level of the group on which the experiment was carried out, the technical samples
produced proved their effectiveness, allowing objective assessments of the qualitative
level of technical knowledge
...
It is also noted that by introducing the means and structures of exercises for the
development of motor skills, as well as for the acquisition of the technical elements
necessary to carry out the second phase of the attack, the number of completions
increases significantly
...

Also, the achievement of this attack phase forces the athletes to work for individual
technical training and the teachers to find the most direct way to ensure the technical
baggage
...


-89-

90

The orientation towards the attacking game in the second phase protects the athletes and
forces the coach not to practice a premature tactical game that would constitute a brake
on the technical evolution of the athletes
...
PROPOSALS
1
...

2
...

3
...

4
...

5
...


-90-

91

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1
...
Bota I
...
– Handball, goalkeeper training, Ed
...
Bota I
...
– Handball, Men's team training, Sport – Tourism Publishing House,
Bucharest, 1983
4
...
– The evolution of handball during the 1980s, Symposium, Portugal, 1989
5
...

Mircescu L
...
– Individualization of sports training, CNEFS Publishing House,
Bucharest, 1992
6
...
Ioan - Handball manual, Carta Universitara Publishing House,
Bucharest, 2005
7
...
, Popescu C
...
Rizescu, C – Motor skills in handball, Sport - Turism Publishing House, Bucharest,
1975
9
...
Cataneanu - Methodology of teaching physical and sports education in preuniversity education
10
...
West, Timi
year 2003
11
...
– Indoor handball training, Ed
...
XXXXX – Methodical guidelines in Romanian handball activity, Bucharest, 1981

92

sitar, Craiova, 1998
13
...
, Florean M
...
– Handball, Theory and Methodology, Praxis Media
Publishing House, Cluj-Napoca, 2001

93



---