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Exam Papers for Cross-Cultural Management in BBA
PAPER # 1

**Instructions**:
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2
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3
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4
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You have 2 hours for this exam
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1
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What is cultural intelligence (CQ)?
a) A measure of intelligence specific to a particular culture
b) The ability to understand and adapt to different cultures
c) The knowledge of one's own culture
d) The ability to speak multiple languages fluently

3
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Collectivism
b) Power Distance
c) Masculinity vs
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In the context of cross-cultural communication, what does "high-context culture"
mean?
a) A culture that relies heavily on verbal communication
b) A culture where messages are conveyed primarily through non-verbal cues and
contextual information
c) A culture that uses written communication exclusively
d) A culture with a low level of understanding

5
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Explain the concept of cultural shock
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**Answer**: Cultural shock is the disorientation and discomfort experienced by
individuals when they encounter a new and unfamiliar culture
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To help them cope,
companies can provide pre-departure training, cultural sensitivity training, and
mentorship by experienced expatriates
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Compare and contrast the concepts of ethnocentrism and cultural relativism in the
context of cross-cultural management
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Ethnocentrism can lead to misunderstandings and
conflicts, while cultural relativism promotes cultural sensitivity and effective crosscultural management
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Discuss the impact of Hofstede's cultural dimensions on international business
operations
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**Answer**: Hofstede's cultural dimensions, such as Individualism vs
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Femininity, and others, influence various aspects of
international business
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Individualistic cultures may prioritize personal achievements, while collectivist cultures
focus on group harmony and cooperation
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Discuss the challenges and opportunities of managing a diverse workforce in a global
organization
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**Answer**: Managing a diverse workforce in a global organization presents both
challenges and opportunities
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Opportunities include increased
creativity, broader market insights, and enhanced problem-solving abilities
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10
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How could this failure have been avoided or mitigated?

**Answer**: One real-world example of a cross-cultural management failure is the case
of the merger between Daimler-Benz (German) and Chrysler Corporation (American) in
1998
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To avoid or mitigate such failures,
companies should conduct thorough cultural due diligence, establish cross-cultural
management teams, and foster open communication channels
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Which of the following is NOT a dimension of culture according to Geert
Hofstede?
o

Power distance

o

Individualism vs
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femininity

o

Uncertainty avoidance

o

Time orientation

2
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Which of the following is a key challenge of cross-cultural management?
o

Communicating effectively across cultures

o

Managing a diverse workforce

o

Building relationships with people from different cultures

o

All of the above

4
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Which of the following is a tip for managing a diverse workforce?

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o

Be aware of the different cultural backgrounds of your employees

o

Promote cultural understanding and respect

o

Provide training on cross-cultural communication and teamwork

o

All of the above

6
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Which of the following is a key consideration for businesses operating in multiple
countries?
o

The cultural differences between countries

o

The impact of culture on business practices

o

The need to adapt to local markets

o

All of the above

8
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Which of the following is a tip for negotiating in a cross-cultural setting?
o

Do your research on the other party's culture

o

Be respectful of their customs and traditions

o

Be prepared to compromise

o

All of the above

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Discuss the challenges and opportunities of managing a diverse workforce
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Analyze the impact of culture on business negotiations
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The company's CEO is
concerned about the cultural differences between the two countries and how they might
impact the business
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What are some of the key cultural differences between the US and China?
2
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What are some strategies that the company can use to overcome these
challenges?
Instructions:


Answer all questions in a clear and concise manner
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

Use proper grammar and spelling
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Which of the following is NOT a dimension of culture according to Hofstede? (a)
Power distance (b) Individualism vs
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femininity (e) Time orientation
2
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Which of the following is a best practice for cross-cultural communication? (a) Be
direct and assertive
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(c) Avoid using humor or slang
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Define cross-cultural management
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Discuss the importance of cross-cultural management in today's globalized
business world
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Identify and explain three key challenges of cross-cultural management
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Describe four best practices for cross-cultural communication
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Discuss the different cultural dimensions that can impact cross-cultural business
interactions
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Analyze the challenges and opportunities of cross-cultural management for
multinational corporations
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Develop a cross-cultural training program for employees who will be working in a
foreign country
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(e) Time orientation
2
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(d) All of the above
Part B: Short Answer

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1
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2
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It can also help companies to
avoid costly mistakes and to create a more inclusive and productive work
environment
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Three key challenges of cross-cultural management are:
o

Language barrier: It can be difficult to communicate effectively with people
from other cultures, especially if you do not speak their language fluently
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It is important to be aware of these
differences and to adapt your behavior accordingly
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It is important to have
a strong understanding of your own ethical values and to be able to make
ethical decisions in a cross-cultural context
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Four best practices for cross-cultural communication are:
o

Be respectful and open-minded
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o

Be clear and concise in your communication
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Part C: Essay
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Cultures with high power
distance tend to be more hierarchical and authoritarian, while cultures with
low power distance tend to be more egalitarian and democratic
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collectivism: This dimension refers to the extent to which
individuals in a culture value their own independence and autonomy, as
opposed to the needs of the group
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Uncertainty avoidance: This dimension refers to the degree to which
people in a culture feel uncomfortable with uncertainty and ambiguity
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Masculinity vs
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Masculine cultures tend to be more competitive and achievementoriented, while feminine cultures tend to be more cooperative and
relationship-oriented
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Which of the following is NOT a dimension of culture according to Hofstede?
o

Power distance

o

Individualism vs
...
femininity

o

Uncertainty avoidance

o

Globalism

2
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Which of the following is a good example of high uncertainty avoidance culture?
o

Greece

o

China

o

Singapore

o

United Kingdom

o

Germany

4
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Which of the following is a good example of high masculinity culture?
o

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United States

o

Japan

o

Germany

o

Sweden

o

Norway

6
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o

Ethnocentrism is the study of different cultures, while cultural relativism is
the application of cultural knowledge to business situations
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o

Ethnocentrism is the study of how culture affects business, while cultural
relativism is the study of how business affects culture
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What is the main challenge of cross-cultural management?
o

To understand and manage the different cultural values and norms that
can impact business operations
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o

To build and maintain relationships with people from different cultures
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o

Be willing to listen to and understand the other person's perspective
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o

Be patient and respectful
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What is the role of leadership in cross-cultural management?

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o

Leaders in cross-cultural environments need to be aware of the different
cultural values and norms that can impact business operations
...


o

Leaders need to be able to build and maintain relationships with people
from different cultures
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10
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o

Diversity and inclusion can help to improve communication and
collaboration across cultures
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o

Diversity and inclusion can help to attract and retain top talent from around
the world
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Define cross-cultural management and explain its importance in today's
globalized world
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Discuss the different dimensions of culture and how they can impact business
operations
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Explain the challenges of cross-cultural management and discuss some
strategies for overcoming them
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Discuss the role of leadership and diversity and inclusion in cross-cultural
management
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Discuss the impact of culture on communication and negotiation
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Explain how leaders can create a workplace that is inclusive and respectful of all
cultures
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Discuss the importance of diversity and inclusion in cross-cultural management
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1
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b) Managing diverse teams and organizations effectively
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d) Avoiding cultural differences
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Which of the following is a cultural dimension identified by Geert Hofstede?
a) Individualism vs
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Low Profit
c) Urban vs
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Non-Market

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b) Context and non-verbal cues are essential for understanding
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d) People from such cultures speak loudly
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The "cultural iceberg" model suggests that:
a) Most cultural differences are visible on the surface
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c) Culture is easily understood by observing behavior
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5
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b) Ignoring cultural differences
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d) Avoiding adaptation to local customs
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Define cultural intelligence (CQ) and explain why it is important in cross-cultural
management
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Give an example of a cultural misunderstanding in a business context
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How do these dimensions impact decision-making in a global organization?

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**Section C: Essay Questions (60 marks)**

Choose one of the following essay questions and provide a well-structured and
supported essay of around 500 words
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collectivism and high vs
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How do these dimensions affect
leadership and team dynamics in a global business environment?

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**Essay Question 2:** Discuss the concept of cultural shock and its impact on expatriate
employees
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**Essay Question 3:** Explain the importance of cultural awareness and sensitivity in
international marketing
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PAPER # 6
Instructions: Answer any three questions
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Question 1:
Define cross-cultural management and explain its importance in the global business
world
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Question 3:
Analyze the challenges and opportunities of managing a cross-cultural team
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Question 5:
Explain how businesses can develop a cross-culturally competent workforce
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The
company's CEO has assigned you to develop a cross-cultural training program for the
employees who will be relocating to the new country
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Answers:
Question 1:
Cross-cultural management is the process of managing people from different cultures in
order to achieve common goals
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Question 2:
Hofstede's six dimensions of culture are:





Power distance: The degree to which power is centralized in society
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Masculinity-femininity: The degree to which society values traditional male values
such as achievement and competition versus traditional female values such as
cooperation and nurturing
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 Long-term orientation: The degree to which people value long-term planning and
goals versus short-term benefits
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Neutral-affective: The degree to which people express their emotions openly
versus in a more controlled manner
...




Achievement-ascription: The degree to which people are evaluated based on
their accomplishments versus their status or background
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Internal-external locus of control: The degree to which people believe that they
have control over their own lives versus believing that their lives are controlled by
external forces
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It is important because it can help businesses to
build relationships with customers and partners from other cultures, and to effectively
manage global operations
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 Be respectful of other cultures
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 Use clear and concise language
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Be mindful of body language and facial expressions
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Question 5:
Businesses can develop a cross-culturally competent workforce by:



Providing cross-cultural training to all employees
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Encouraging employees to learn about other cultures
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 Developing global leadership programs
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Question 2
Identify and describe the main dimensions of cultural difference according to Hofstede's
model
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Question 4
Discuss the challenges and opportunities of managing a diverse workforce
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The
company's management team is concerned about the potential cultural challenges that
they may face
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The
company's management team is concerned about the potential cultural challenges that
they may face
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The company's management team is
aware that the Chinese business culture is very different from the US business culture
...


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The company's management team is also aware of the fact that the Chinese
government has strict regulations on foreign businesses
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Questions:
1
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What recommendations would you give to the company's management team to
help them overcome these challenges?
Answers
Question 1
The main cultural challenges that the US-based multinational company is likely to face
when expanding its operations to China include:


Communication: The Chinese language is very different from the English
language, and it is important to have a good understanding of the Chinese
language and culture in order to communicate effectively with Chinese
businesses
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For example, the Chinese culture is more collectivist than the
US culture, and personal relationships are more important in China than in the
US
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It is important to comply with these regulations and avoid any
cultural faux pas
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

Train employees on Chinese culture: It is important to train employees on the
Chinese language and culture so that they are able to communicate effectively
with Chinese businesses and avoid any cultural faux pas
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PAPER # 8

**Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (20 marks)**

Please circle the letter of the correct answer for each of the following questions
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Which of the following is NOT a dimension of Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions
Theory?
a
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Collectivism
b
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Uncertainty Avoidance
d
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A company is pursuing a global strategy that involves standardizing its products for
the global market
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Multidomestic strategy
b
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Global strategy
d
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What term describes the ability to understand and adapt to different cultural norms
and behaviors?
a
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Cultural sensitivity

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c
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Cultural relativism

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Market standardization
b
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Product differentiation
d
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Which communication style is typically associated with low-context cultures?
a
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High-context and nonverbal communication
c
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Collectivist communication

**Section B: Short Answer Questions (30 marks)**

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How can it affect individuals and
organizations operating in a foreign culture? (10 marks)

**Answer:**
Cultural shock is the feeling of disorientation and discomfort experienced by
individuals when they encounter a new and unfamiliar culture
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Organizations may face challenges
in employee morale and performance
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Provide examples of how CQ can be beneficial
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It's crucial for international business as it enables individuals to adapt, relate,
and work with people from different cultures
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8
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Provide an
example of each concept in practice
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An example is a
company from Country A believing that their management practices are universally
superior
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An example is
recognizing that a local custom in Country B may seem odd to outsiders but is important
to the people of Country B
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Choose one of the following essay questions and provide a detailed response:

a
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" Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of
Hofstede's model
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"In the age of globalization, effective cross-cultural management is essential for
international business success
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**End of Exam Papers**
Please note that these are a sample exam papers, and the answers provided are for
reference only
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KEYWORDS:
1
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BBA Exam Papers
3
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Intercultural Management
5
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International Management
7
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BBA Program
9
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Cultural Diversity
11
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International Business
13
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BBA Exam Preparations
15
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Cultural Competence
17
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Cross-Cultural Leadership
19
...
Global Business Management

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