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Title: Plant Diversity Grade 11 Notes
Description: These notes cover the topic of plant diversity including bryophytes, pteridophytes, angiosperms and gymnosperms, their structures and life cycles and reproduction. At the end, a discriptive table comparing and summarising the properties of all four groups is given. These notes are aimed at Grade 11 students learning about plant diversity as well as Grade 12 (matric) students revising the topic.
Description: These notes cover the topic of plant diversity including bryophytes, pteridophytes, angiosperms and gymnosperms, their structures and life cycles and reproduction. At the end, a discriptive table comparing and summarising the properties of all four groups is given. These notes are aimed at Grade 11 students learning about plant diversity as well as Grade 12 (matric) students revising the topic.
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Plant Diversity
Plant
Diversity
Plant diversity Page 1
Basics
DID YOU KNOW?
Four main groups:
It is thought that all modern plants
originated from algae
• Bryophytes
• Pteridophytes
• Gymnosperms
• Angiosperms
-----------------------------------------------------------
Plants are divided
into these groups
according to:
1
...
Their dependency on water
Note
When talking about plant diversity
we deal with the Kingdom Plantae
...
Multicellular
2
...
Have a cellulose cell wall
4
...
Gametophyte generation (sexual and produces gamete)
2
...
Ploidy: number of chromosomes in a cell
...
• Haploid cells contain only one complete set (n) of chromosomes
i
...
a haploid cell has half the number of chromosomes as diploid
cells
...
Plant diversity Page 5
Bryophytes
mosses
Made up of three groups:
• Mosses
• Liverworts
• hornworts
liverworts
Structure:
Tiny plants which usually grow together
to form soft green mats
...
Their body structure is known as a
thallus (it does not have true roots,
stems and leaves)
It has leaf-like and stem-like structures
...
Most of its life is spent in the haploid
gametophyte state but on the thallus
there are separate male and female
branches which contain the reproductive
structures
...
The sporophyte develops on the
gametophyte and is dependent on it
...
The spores form in the sporangium which
eventually dries out and releases the
spores
...
A new plant, representing the
gametophyte generation, develops
...
This structure forms a
capsule in which spores are produced by meiosis
...
Plant diversity Page 8
Pteridophytes
Structure:
Ferns are a more advanced group than the
mosses
...
They grow in shady places and have less
dependency on water than the mosses
...
They have rhizomes (underground stems
with true roots coming off them)
...
The fronds ( compound leaves) have
Title: Plant Diversity Grade 11 Notes
Description: These notes cover the topic of plant diversity including bryophytes, pteridophytes, angiosperms and gymnosperms, their structures and life cycles and reproduction. At the end, a discriptive table comparing and summarising the properties of all four groups is given. These notes are aimed at Grade 11 students learning about plant diversity as well as Grade 12 (matric) students revising the topic.
Description: These notes cover the topic of plant diversity including bryophytes, pteridophytes, angiosperms and gymnosperms, their structures and life cycles and reproduction. At the end, a discriptive table comparing and summarising the properties of all four groups is given. These notes are aimed at Grade 11 students learning about plant diversity as well as Grade 12 (matric) students revising the topic.