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Title: Volcanoes and the Interior of the Earth
Description: Volcanoes and the Earth's interior are interconnected elements of Earth's dynamic geology. Understanding the interaction between the Earth's interior and volcanic processes is crucial for predicting volcanic activity, studying Earth's geological history, and assessing associated hazards for human populations.
Description: Volcanoes and the Earth's interior are interconnected elements of Earth's dynamic geology. Understanding the interaction between the Earth's interior and volcanic processes is crucial for predicting volcanic activity, studying Earth's geological history, and assessing associated hazards for human populations.
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Chapter 7: VOLCANOES & THE INTERIOR OF
THE EARTH
Lesson 1: FORMULATION OF VOLCANOES
Volcanoes
vents in Earth’s crust (the outermost layer)
Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology
(PHIVOLCS)
studies and monitors volcanic activities and earthquakes in
the country
Pacific Ring of Fire
series of boundaries where plates collide or move toward
each other
Trenches
where plates collide are marked by long, deep depressions
MAJOR PARTS
1
...
Summit
the apex or highest point
3
...
Conduit
the pipe or the channel that conveys the magma
5
...
Magma Chamber
from a large underground pool of molten rocks (where
magma comes from)
the crust
the uppermost portion of the mantle, is divided into several
segments
Asthenosphere
consists of the upper mantle
Convection
method of heat transfer
Subduction
the denser (oceanic) plate moves beneath the less dense
(continental plate)
Ocean Ridges
forces it’s way through the gap, forming volcanoes
Hot Spot
where rocks melt because of intense heat emanating deep
within the mantle
Lesson 2: CLASSIFICATION OF VOLCANOES
BASED ON BEHAVIOR
i
...
Shield Volcano
gets its name from its flat, shield-like shape, formed by the
eruption of low-viscosity lava
1
ii
...
Adams from Washington, USA
ex: Kilauea, located on the Big Island of Hawaii
2
...
Inactive Volcanoes
ex: Mt
...
Cinder cone Volcano
ex: Mt
...
Andesitic lava flow
2
...
Basaltic lava flow
generally flows in thin, broad sheets because of its low
viscosity
Lava Tubes
serve as insulated pathways that facilitate the advance of
lava great distances from its source
Pyroclastic flow
a flow of hot, dry mass of gases and fragments
Pyroclastic Surge
a high-velocity current of rocks, gases, or water
Tephra Flows
consist of volcanic rocks and crystals
Lahar
type of mudflow that consists of water, volcanic ash,
pyroclastic materials, and debris
2 TYPES OF BASALTIC LAVA FLOW
1
...
Pahoehoe flows
exhibits smooth surfaces that often resemble the twisted
braids of ropes
“on which one can walk”
Lesson 4: SIGNS OF AN IMPENDING VOLCANIC ERUPTION
Fumaroles
small openings in the Earth’s crust
Additional Info:
Mt
Title: Volcanoes and the Interior of the Earth
Description: Volcanoes and the Earth's interior are interconnected elements of Earth's dynamic geology. Understanding the interaction between the Earth's interior and volcanic processes is crucial for predicting volcanic activity, studying Earth's geological history, and assessing associated hazards for human populations.
Description: Volcanoes and the Earth's interior are interconnected elements of Earth's dynamic geology. Understanding the interaction between the Earth's interior and volcanic processes is crucial for predicting volcanic activity, studying Earth's geological history, and assessing associated hazards for human populations.