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CHEMISTRY
CRACKING AND NATURAL RESOURCES
OF ORGANIC COMPOUND
(INTERMEDIATE AND APTITUDE TEST LEVEL NOTES)
CRACKING
Definition:

A chemical process in which a long chain carbon compound is converted
into small chain compounds by heating is called pyrolysis and when this
process is applied on alkanes, it is called Cracking
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The process of Cracking is not a clear cut process
means in most of the cases the products of cracking are undefined
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Propane is heated at about 700C to 800C to produce a mixture of
propene , Ethene , methane and Hydrogen gas
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The Cracking of heavy gas oil in the presence of Zeolite is
C7H15(C15H30)C7H15 ----------------- C7H16 + C7H14 + C15H30
Heavy gas oil

Heptane Heptene If further Cracks

Importance of Cracking:

Some of the important uses of Cracking in industry are
1
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The Cracking of Ethane and propane is done to produce Ethene ,
propene and other important alkenes that are important industrial
compounds
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The production of Oil gas is also done by thermal decomposition of
liquid Hydrocarbons
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Natural Resources of Organic Compounds

CHEMISTRY
CRACKING AND NATURAL RESOURCES
OF ORGANIC COMPOUND
(INTERMEDIATE AND APTITUDE TEST LEVEL NOTES)
There are three main natural resources of organic compounds
1- Coal
2- Natural Gas
3- Petroleum

1-Coal:

Coal is one of the most important sources of organic compounds
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Usually 100Kg of Coaltar produces 2 Kg of benzene

2- Natural Gas:

Natural gas is a mixture of Hydrocarbons and gases having low molecular
weights
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The percentage of other components are
Ethane = 1
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28%, butane = 0
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88 % and
Carbon dioxide = 0
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It is a mixture of solid,
viscous liquids and gases
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The Fractional distillation of
petroleum is done to separate all these fractions

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