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LEVELS OF MANAGEMENT
Managers can be defined as someone who coordinate and oversee other people’s work so that
organizational goals can be accomplished
...
They are responsible for leading a team of employees to meet goals
In a traditionally structured organization, managers can be classified into first-line, middle, and
top managers
...
The number of non-managerial employees is
the most in all organizations
...
Some examples of first-line
managers are supervisors, shift managers, district managers, department managers, and
office managers
...
They are located between the
first-line managers and top managers in the hierarchy
...
Top managers are at the highest level of the hierarchy
...
They also manage the work of middle managers
...
Some examples of
top managers are vice president, president, managing director, chief operating officer, and
chief executive
...
Managers are also important for employee productivity and loyalty
...
Robert L
...
Robert Katz identifies three
critical skill sets for successful management professionals: technical skills, conceptual skills,
and human skills
...
Figure 1: Shows skills needed in different managerial roles
Technical Skills
A technical skill is defined as a learned capacity in just about any given field of work
...
They are often job-specific and relate to a manager’s ability to understand and execute technical
aspects of their work
...
Front-line
managers, in particular, often need to use technical skills daily
...
Managers in other corporate roles and at higher levels also require technical skills
...
Conceptual Skills
Conceptual abilities are equally essential for managerial success
...
Conceptual skills involve the ability to think
and conceptualize about abstract and complex situations
...
Conceptual
thinking, when combined with facts and a bit of creativity, can result in fresh ideas, distinctive
tactics, and inventive solutions
...
Top-level managers undertake higher-level planning, such as mission and
strategy, which require greater conceptual skills
...
Human skills involve the ability to work well with
other people individually and in a group
...
businesses often expect managers to
lead or guide people, rather than giving out instructions for every action or task
...
Most organizations need managers
who can view their teams analytically and objectively, evaluate inefficiencies, and make
unpopular choices