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Title: COAL AND PETROLEUM
Description: the notes are all about coal and petroleum. You will thank me later
Description: the notes are all about coal and petroleum. You will thank me later
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Introduction to Coal and Petroleum
Energy
Energy can be extracted from natural resources in many forms, and it can
be transferred from one body to another in the form of heat or work
...
Types of Energy
Some different types of energies are:
•
Mechanical energy
•
Chemical energy
•
Thermal energy
•
Nuclear energy
•
Solar energy
•
Wind energy
•
Sound energy
•
Electrical energy
To know more about “Different Types of Energy
Energy Conversion from One Form to Another
•
Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but it can be transformed from
one form to another
...
Natural Resources
Natural resources are the resources that are provided by the earth
...
•
Inexhaustible/Renewable natural resources are present in unlimited quantity in
nature, for example, Sunlight and Wind
...
For example, Coal and Petroleum
...
Fossil Fuels
Fossil fuels are the exhaustible resources that are formed from the
decomposition of dead organic matter, for example, Coal and Natural gas
...
Energy Utilisation from Fossil Fuels
•
40% of energy is used by the industries
•
24% of energy is used by the Transportation sector
•
6% of energy is used by farms
•
30% of energy is used for domestic and other purposes
...
Peat
Peat is a dark fibrous fuel composed of partly decomposed plant matter
...
Formation of Coal
Under high pressure and temperature, the dead vegetation gets converted
into coal
...
ypes of Coal
Types of Coal
The four types of coals are as follows
...
By-products formed in this process are coke, coal tar, ammonia, and
coal gas
...
Coal Gas
Coal gas is a fuel produced during the destructive distillation of coal
...
Ammonia Liquor
Ammonia liquor or ammonium hydroxide is one of the by-products formed
during the destructive distillation of coal
...
Coke
Coke is a black-coloured substance and pure form of carbon used for
manufacturing steel and extraction of metals
...
It is a
long hole created into the earth
...
Extraction of Oils
Extraction of oil is the process by which usable oil is extracted from the
earth’s surface location
...
•
Exploratory wells are used to extract oil samples
...
It can
persist for days or years
...
•
Injecting carbon dioxide into the reservoir
...
Boiling Point and Vaporisation
•
The boiling point is the temperature when the pressure exerted by
surroundings on liquid & pressure of the liquid becomes equal
...
Oil Refining or Fractional Distillation
Oil refining or fractional distillation is the process of separating liquids with
different boiling points at different temperatures using fractional columns
...
Shortage of Petroleum and Tips for Its Conservation
•
Petroleum should be carefully used to avoid its shortage
...
Natural Gas
Hazards and Estimates of Fossil Fuels
Hazards caused due to excessive use of fossil fuels:
Boiling Point and Vaporisation
•
The boiling point is the temperature when the pressure exerted by
surroundings on liquid & pressure of the liquid becomes equal
...
Oil Refining or Fractional Distillation
Oil refining or fractional distillation is the process of separating liquids with
different boiling points at different temperatures using fractional columns
...
Shortage of Petroleum and Tips for Its Conservation
•
Petroleum should be carefully used to avoid its shortage
...
Natural Gas
Hazards and Estimates of Fossil Fuels
Hazards caused due to excessive use of fossil fuels:
•
Air pollution
•
Global warming
Estimates of fossil fuel:
•
Coal may persist for another century and petroleum for another 40 years
...
To know more about Natural Gas
...
The advantages of CNG are are follows
...
Occurrences of Natural Gas in India
Natural gas is found in parts of Tripura, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Tamilnadu,
and Andhra Pradesh
Title: COAL AND PETROLEUM
Description: the notes are all about coal and petroleum. You will thank me later
Description: the notes are all about coal and petroleum. You will thank me later