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Ch
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All Questions & Correct
Answers
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A) Canines
B) Bicuspids
C) Cuspids
D) Incisors
E) Molars - ANSIncisors
_______ are teeth with flattened crowns and prominent ridges that are adapted for
crushing and grinding
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A) Bicuspids
B) Incisors
C) Molars
D) Secondary teeth
E) Cuspids - ANSCuspids
________ are arranged within a lobule of the liver into a series of plates converging
toward a central vein
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A) Incisors
B) Bicuspids
C) Premolars
D) Cuspids
E) Molars - ANSCuspids
________ crush and grind food
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A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four
E) Six to Ten - ANSThree
A blockage of the ducts from the parotid glands would
A) reduce delivery of saliva
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C) interfere with carbohydrate digestion in the mouth
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B) decrease intestinal motility
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D) decrease gastric secretion
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- ANSdecrease intestinal motility
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B) a higher pH during gastric digestion
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D) increased protein digestion in
the stomach
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- ANSa higher pH during gastric digestion
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B) the composition of pancreatic secretions
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D) B and C only
E) A, B, and C - ANSA, B, and C
A feature of the digestive epithelium that assists expansion of the organ is the presence
of
A) transitional cells
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C) elastic cells
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E) both B and D - ANSboth B and D
A small, wormlike structure attached to the posteromedial surface of the cecum is the
A) haustra
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C) gallbladder
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E) ileum
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B) esophagus
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D) oropharynx
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- ANSstomach
A structure that helps prevent food from entering the pharynx prematurely is the
A) uvula
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C) palatoglossal arch
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E) epiglottis
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B) cotransporter proteins in the apical membrane of the epithelial cell
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D) A and B only
E) A, B, and C - ANSA, B, and C
All of the following are true of the intestinal phase of gastric digestion, except that it
A) precedes the gastric phase
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C) involves both neural and endocrine reflexes
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E) begins when chyme enters the small intestine
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All of the following are true of the lining of the stomach, except that it
A) has a simple columnar epithelium
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C) is constantly being replaced
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E) recycles bile
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All of the following are true of the process known as cotransport, except that
A) only neutral compounds such as sugars are transported
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C) ATP is not required by the transport protein
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E) molecules can be moved against a concentration gradient
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All of the following contain mucous cells in the epithelium, except the
A) stomach
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C) esophagus
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E) large intestine
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B) trypsin
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D) rennin
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- ANSrennin
An enzyme that digests proteins into peptides is
A) lipase
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C) nuclease
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E) trypsin
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B) cholecystokinin
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D) gastrin
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- ANSgastrin
An intestinal hormone that stimulates mucus secretion by the submucosal duodenal
glands is
A) secretin
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C) enterocrinin
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E) gastrin
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B) secretin
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D) GIP
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- ANScholecystokinin

An intestinal hormone that stimulates the release of insulin from the pancreatic islet
cells is
A) enterocrinin
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C) secretin
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E) gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP)
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An obstruction of the common bile duct often results in
A) undigested fat in the feces
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C) inability to digest protein
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A) 5
B) 10
C) 2
D) 1
E) 7 - ANS7
Approximately the last 15 cm of the digestive tract is the A) anus
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C) rectum
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E) rectal column - ANSrectum
At the hepatic flexure, the colon becomes the
A) ascending colon
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C) descending colon
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E) rectum
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At the splenic flexure, the colon becomes the
A) ascending colon
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C) descending colon
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E) rectum
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Bile is stored in the
A) liver
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C) pancreas
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E) appendix
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B) fats
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D) complex carbohydrates
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- ANSfats
Brunner glands are characteristic of the
A) stomach
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C) jejunum
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E) colon
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B) esophagus
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D) duodenum
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- ANSmouth
Chief cells secrete
A) pepsinogen
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C) mucus
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E) intrinsic factor
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A) mucosa
B) submucosa
C) submucosal plexus
D) muscularis mucosa
E) adventitia - ANSmuscularis mucosa
Digestion refers to the
A) progressive dehydration of indigestible residue
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C) chemical breakdown of food
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B) the larynx elevates and the epiglottis closes
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D) all of the above
E) A and C only - ANSall of the above
During deglutition, which of the following phases is not present?
A) voluntary
B) pharyngeal
C) laryngeal
D) esophageal
E) None of the above
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- ANSlaryngeal
During the cephalic phase of gastric secretion,
A) the stomach responds to distention
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C) there is an increased flow of action potentials along the vagus nerve to the stomach
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E) production of gastric juice slows down
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Each of the following is a function of the liver, except A) synthesis and secretion of bile
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C) synthesis of plasma proteins
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E) storage of glycogen and iron reserves
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Each of the following organs is a component of the digestive tract, except the
A) stomach
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C) esophagus
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E) colon
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B) inhibit gastric secretion
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D) involve the enteric nervous system
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B) amylase
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D) A and B only
E) A, B, and C - ANSA and B only
Functions of teeth include

A) tearing
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C) cutting
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E) all of the above - ANSall of the above
Functions of the large intestine include
A) absorption of bile salts
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C) resorption of water and compaction of feces
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E) B and C only - ANSB and C only
Functions of the stomach include all of the following, except
A) storage of ingested food
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C) initiation of protein digestion
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E) mechanical breakdown of food
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Functions of the tongue include all of the following, except
A) mechanical processing of food
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C) sensory analysis of food
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E) partitioning the oropharynx from the nasopharynx
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G cells of the stomach secrete
A) cholecystokinin
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C) gastrin
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E) pepsin
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B) involved in absorption of liquids from the stomach
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D) acid scars in the esophagus
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- ANSopenings into gastric glands
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B) local stimulation
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D) hormone stimulation
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Haustra are
A) expansible pouches of the colon
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C) glands in the large intestine that secrete mucus
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E) compact feces stored in the rectum
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Identify the salivary gland that secretes a watery mixture rich in salivary amylase and
bicarbonate ion
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B) maltose
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D) cellulose
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- ANSlactose
If the lingual frenulum is too restrictive, an individual
A) has a condition called ankyloglossia
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C) cannot speak normally
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B) amylase
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D) secretin
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- ANSamylase
In response to the arrival of acid chyme in the duodenum, the
A) blood levels of secretin rise
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C) blood levels of gastrin rise
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E) both C and D - ANSblood levels of secretin rise
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B) rich in bicarbonate
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D) rich in mucus
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- ANSrich in enzymes
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B) rich in bicarbonate ion
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D) rich in mucus
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In the center of a liver lobule there is a
A) hepatic duct
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C) sinusoid
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E) portal vein
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Increased secretion by all the salivary glands results from A) sympathetic stimulation
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C) parasympathetic stimulation
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E) hunger
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B) carry absorbed fats to the lymphatic system
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D) secrete digestive
enzymes
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- ANScarry absorbed fats to the lymphatic system
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B) submucosa
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D) adventitia
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- ANSsubmucosa
look at diagrams - ANS
Mary had her stomach mostly removed to try to overcome obesity
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B) pernicious anemia
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D) dehydration
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- ANSpernicious anemia
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A) peristaltic

B) segmentation
C) mass
D) pendular
E) writhing - ANSmass
Muscles known as the pharyngeal constrictors function in
A) mastication
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C) swallowing
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E) opening the cardiac sphincter
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B) diffusion
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D) cotransport
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- ANSosmosis
Parietal cells secrete
A) pepsinogen
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C) mucus
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E) enteropeptidase
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Parietal cells secrete
A) pepsinogen
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C) mucus
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E) vitamin B12
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Peyer patches are characteristic of the
A) stomach
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C) jejunum
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E) colon
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B) carry products of digestion that will not pass through the walls of blood capillaries
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D) secrete digestive
enzymes
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- ANSincrease the surface area of the mucosa of the
small intestine
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B) circumferential folds in the mucosa and submucosa of the small intestine
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D) sacculations in the colon
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- ANScircumferential folds in the mucosa and submucosa of the
small intestine
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B) pendular movements
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D) defecation
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- ANSmass movements
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B) veins
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D) the interstitial fluid
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- ANSlymphatic vessels
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B) submucosa
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D) myenteric plexus
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- ANSmyenteric plexus
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B) serosa
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D) submucosal plexus
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- ANSsubmucosal plexus
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B) jejunum
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D) pancreas
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- ANSduodenum

The ________ are double sheets of peritoneal membrane that suspend the visceral
organs and carry nerves, lymphatics, and blood vessels
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A) submaxillary
B) submandibular
C) parotid
D) sublingual
E) vestibular - ANSparotid
The ________ mechanically digests ingested food
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A) mandibular
B) sublingual
C) lingual
D) submandibular
E) parotid - ANSsublingual
The ________ supports all but 25 cm of the small intestine and provides stability and
limited movement
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B) diffusion
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D) phagocytosis
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B) parasympathetic and sympathetic neurons
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D) intrinsic nerve plexuses
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B) Kupffer cell
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D) portal area
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B) cementum
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D) pulp
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- ANSdentin
The chamber within a tooth that contains blood vessels and nerves is the
A) enamel
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C) dentin
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E) periodontium
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The connection of the anterior portion of the tongue to the underlying epithelium is the
A) uvula
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C) lingual frenulum
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E) glossal septum
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The crown of a tooth is covered by
A) enamel
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C) dentin
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E) periodontium
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B) esophagus
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D) both A and C

E) all of the above - ANSboth A and C
The double-layer sheets of serous membrane that support the viscera are called A)
peritoneal sheets
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C) ascites
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E) the dorsal and ventral frenulums
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B) duodenum and the pylorus
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D) duodenum and the pancreatic duct
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- ANScommon bile duct and the pancreatic duct
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B) polysaccharides
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D) triglycerides
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- ANSpolysaccharides
The enzyme pepsin digests A) carbohydrates
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C) lipids
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E) vitamins
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These
include
A) epithelium of mucosa is stratified squamous
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C) muscularis externa may be striated muscle
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B) hematological regulation
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D) all of the above
E) A and C only - ANSall of the above
The exocrine portion of the pancreas is composed of
A) islets of Langerhans
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C) pancreatic acini
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E) triads
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The functions of the oral cavity include all of the following, except
A) analysis of material before swallowing
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C) lubrication
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E) digestion of carbohydrates
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The fusion of the hepatic duct and the cystic duct forms the A) hepatic portal vein
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C) common bile duct
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E) bile canaliculus
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The gastric phase of gastric secretion is triggered by the A) sight, thought, or smell of
food
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C) entry of chyme into the small intestine
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E) release of cholecystokinin and secretin by the small intestine
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The gastroileal reflex
A) empties the duodenum
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C) decreases peristaltic
activity
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E) is relayed through the CNS
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The greater omentum is
A) the entrance to the stomach
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C) important in the digestion of fats
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E) a sheet of mesentery that attaches to the liver
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The hormone that stimulates secretion and contraction by the stomach is
A) gastrin
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C) secretin
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E) CCK
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A) one
B) two

C) three
D) four
E) two large, four small - ANSfour
The intestinal hormone that stimulates the pancreas to release a watery, bicarbonaterich fluid is
A) enterocrinin
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C) cholecystokinin
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E)
gastrin
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B) destroy bacteria
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D) are phagocytic
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B) adventitia
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D) mucosa
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B) muscularis mucosae
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D) submucosal plexus
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- ANSlamina propria
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B) duodenum
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D) pylorus
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- ANSjejunum
The oral mucosa has ________ epithelium
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B) nucleases
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D) all of the above
E) A and C only - ANSall of the above
The pancreas produces ________-digesting enzymes in the form of proenzymes
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B) jejunum
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D) duodenum
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- ANSjejunum
The part of the small intestine most likely to develop an ulcer from exposure to gastric
juice is the
A) pylorus
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C) ileum
...

E) jejunum
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B) antrum
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D) cardia
...
- ANSbody
The portion of the small intestine that attaches to the cecum is the
A) haustrum
...

C) ileum
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E) jejunum
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B) pylorus
...

D) antrum
...
- ANSfundus
The prominent ridges in the lining of the empty stomach are called
A) cardia
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C) rugae
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E) villi
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B) colon
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D) jejunum
...
- ANSduodenum
The region of the stomach that empties into the duodenum is the
A) antrum
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C) body
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E) pylorus
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B) gingiva
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D) uvula
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- ANSgingiva
The roof of the oral cavity is formed by the
A) vestibule
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C) soft palate
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B) cementum
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D) pulp
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- ANScementum

The saclike structure that joins the ileum at the ileocecal valve is the
A) appendix
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C) rectum
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E) cecum
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B) short reflexes coordinated in the stomach wall
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D) A, B, and C
E) A and C only - ANSA, B, and C
The serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity
A) secretes peritoneal fluid
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C) lubricates the cavity
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E) all of the above - ANSall of the above
The space between the cheeks or lips and the teeth is called the
A) pharynx
...

C) fauces
...

E) dip sulcus
...

B) the smooth muscle of the stomach is very elastic
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D) sympathetic stimulation decreases the tonus of the gastric smooth muscle
...
- ANSthe hormone gastrin relaxes
stomach smooth muscle
...

B) greater omentum
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D) ligamentum teres
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- ANSfalciform ligament
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B) longitudinal bands of smooth muscle in the colon wall
...

D) polyps that obstruct the sigmoid colon
...
- ANSlongitudinal bands of smooth
muscle in the colon wall
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B) margin of the vestibule
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D) posterior margin of the soft palate
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- ANSposterior margin of the soft
palate
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B) duodenum
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D) gall bladder
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- ANSjejunum
This organ is primarily responsible for water absorption
...
Which of the following symptoms would
you expect to observe in Tom?
A) jaundice
B) elevated levels of blood glucose
C) impaired digestion of protein
D) blood in the feces
E) overproduction of blood plasma albumin - ANSjaundice
Tony is a chronic alcoholic with cirrhosis of the liver, a condition in which liver cells die
and are replaced by connective tissue
...

B) pendular movements
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D) churning movements
...
- ANSperistalsis

What provides access for blood vessels entering and leaving the liver?
A) falciform ligament
B) greater omentum
C) mesentery proper
D) lesser omentum
E) diaphragm - ANSlesser omentum
Which layer of the digestive tract directly underlies the epithelium?
A) submucosa
B) digestive epithelium
C) muscularis mucosae
D) lamina propria
E) lymphoid nodules - ANSlamina propria
Which layer of the digestive tract has a dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds
the muscularis mucosae?
A) submucosa
B) digestive epithelium
C) muscularis mucosae
D) lamina propria
E) mucosa - ANSsubmucosa
Which of the following contains a remnant of the fetal umbilical vein?
A) falciform ligament
B) greater omentum
C) mesentery proper
D) lesser omentum
E) diaphragm - ANSfalciform ligament
Which of the following contains adipose tissue and provides padding for the anterior and
lateral portions of the abdomen?
A) falciform ligament
B) greater omentum
C) mesentery proper
D) lesser omentum
E) diaphragm - ANSgreater omentum
Which of the following is a function of the tongue?
A) manipulation to assist with chewing
B) mechanical processing
C) sensory analysis
D) secretion of mucins
E) all of the above - ANSall of the above
Which of the following is an accessory organ of digestion?

A) appendix
B) pancreas
C) spleen
D) colon
E) esophagus - ANSpancreas
Which of the following is classified as being either squamous or columnar?
A) submucosa
B) digestive epithelium
C) muscularis mucosae
D) lamina propria
E) mucosa - ANSdigestive epithelium
Which of the following is false about secretions from the salivary glands?
A) are mostly water
B) help control bacterial populations in the mouth
C) help lubricate the oral cavity and its contents
D) contain enzymes for the digestion of polysaccharides E) contain enzymes for the
digestion of disaccharides - ANScontain enzymes for the digestion of disaccharides
Which of the following is greater?
A) the pH of the blood in gastric veins during digestion of a large meal
B) the pH of the blood in gastric veins following a 24-hour fast
C) Can be either
...
- ANSthe pH of the blood in gastric veins
during digestion of a large meal
Which of the following is not a component of the hepatic triad found at the edges of a
liver lobule?
A) hepatic artery
B) bile duct
C) central vein
D) hepatic portal vein
E) None of the above all are present in the hepatic triad

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