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What is communication?
Communication: It is the act of transferring information from one place, person to
another
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 The transmission of the massage from sender to receiver can be effected by many
things
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 The sender encodes the massage in a mixture of words and non – verbal
communication
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and receiver decodes it
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The sender must encode the massage into an
appropriate communication channel and receiver decodes the massage to understand
its meaning
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 Receiver can send feedback to the sender how the massage is understood
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In this
method we transmit our massage to a receiver
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These include face to face conversation, telephone
call, text massage, email [Electronic mail] , social media, radio, TV, catalog, report , etc
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 It is time or cost effective way and it’s a complex method
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Encoding massage
All massage must be encoded into a form that can be used by the communication channel
choose for the massage
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Feedback
 The find part of a communication is feedback
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 The English word communication is deriving from the Latin word “communize”
which means common sense
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In other word the transmission and instruction of facts, ideas, opinion,
feelings or attitudes
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cannot be done effectively without effective
communication
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This process includes a minimum of
one sender and one receiver to pass the massage
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 Present time there are different modes of communication like email, chat,
conference call, broadcasting etc
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For example: Incorrect telephone connection, incorrect coding, incorrect recording,
incorrect understanding of the massage etc
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Formal communication
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Formal Communication: it refers to communication that take place through
legal channel in organization
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It may be oral
written but a complete record of that communication is kept in the organization
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Informal communication: it is define as any communication that occurs
outside of the official channel of communication
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Communication barrier
One sometimes wants to connect with one things, but he is extually saying something this type
of event in communication may be the results of some error in communication like –
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Lack of proper style
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Failure to maintain dual communication
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Lake of enthusiasm(uttsah)
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The method of their success is depending there working on the
goal and interpersonal relationship between them
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No decision could have been made
without knowledge
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3) Improve management ability: - the manager transfer target and issue instruction
and assign task to the employee
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Verbal communication
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Written communication
4
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Verbal communication: - verbal communication is one of the mode where people
communicate or the information through words
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 There are certain factor which enhance this communication more effectively
1) Active listening: - a good listener always tries to listen to everyone view point
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2) Confident voice: - confident communication reflects the personality of a person
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3) Ignore filter word: - while giving a presentation avoid using filter word it may be
distal to other people
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Non – verbal communication: - non- verbal communication is the use of body
language
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Exam: how a person sit during an interview automatically reflect your body language
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Non - verbal communication is the most powerful communication to understand
thought and e motions
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This type of communication gives support to your verbal task
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It is used in email, chat, documentation etc
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There is certain category of written communication which enhance that –
1) Aim for simplicity: - any type of written communication help easy to understand
and provide more transparency on information which you are providing
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Visual communication exists in two parts :
1) Communication design
2) Graphic design
1) Communication design :- communication design refers to crafting a message that
educates, motivate, and engages the viewer
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Motivation





Concept of motivation
Types of motivation
People skills
General awareness

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The concept can be
further classified into three important sub-concepts:
Motivators :- a motivator is something or someone that inspires, encourages, or drives
a person to take action, achieve goals, or maintain a positive attitude
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The motive
The actual act of motivation
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Types of motivation :Motivation is a complex psychological concept that can be categorized into various
types, depending on different perspectives and theories
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Example: Pursuing a hobby, engaging in activities for personal fulfillment
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Example: Working for a salary, studying for grades
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Example: Setting and achieving personal or professional milestones
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Example: Seeking recognition from peers, participating in group activities
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Example: Pursuing leadership roles, seeking positions of authority
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Example: Studying to avoid failing a class, working to avoid job loss
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Example: Joining clubs or organizations, maintaining friendships
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Cognitive Dissonance Theory:
Definition: Motivation arising from the discomfort of holding conflicting beliefs or
attitudes
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Expectancy Theory:
Definition: A theory that suggests people are motivated to act in a certain way based
on their belief that their efforts will lead to a desired outcome
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Understanding these different types of motivation can be helpful in various contexts,
including education, the workplace, and personal development
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People skills:Communication Skills:
Verbal Communication: The ability to express thoughts and ideas clearly and effectively
through spoken words
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Active Listening:
The capacity to fully concentrate, understand, respond, and remember what is being
said during a conversation
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Conflict Resolution:
Skill in addressing and resolving conflicts or disagreements in a constructive and positive
manner
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Adaptability:
Flexibility and openness to change, along with the ability to adjust and thrive in different
situations
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Leadership Skills:
The ability to guide, inspire, and influence others, whether in a formal leadership role or
as an informal leader within a group
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Networking:
Building and maintaining positive relationships with others, both inside and outside of
one's immediate circle, for personal and professional growth
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Time Management:
The ability to prioritize tasks, set goals, and manage time efficiently, contributing to
productivity and effective collaboration
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Resilience:
The ability to bounce back from setbacks, cope with stress, and maintain a positive
mindset in the face of challenges
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Whether you're presenting to a small group or a large audience,
employing the right techniques can enhance your message and engage your audience more
effectively
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Tailor your presentation to meet their needs and expectations
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Ensure that your
audience understands what you aim to achieve by the end
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Use a clear introduction, body,
and conclusion
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Visual Aids:
Incorporate visuals such as slides, charts, graphs, or images to support your key points
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Engaging Opening:
Capture your audience's attention from the start with a compelling opening
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Effective Body Language:
Maintain good posture, make eye contact, and use gestures appropriately
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Interactive Elements:
Encourage audience participation through questions, discussions, or interactive
activities
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Clear and Concise Language:
Use clear and simple language
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Be mindful of your pace and articulate your words well
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Practice will help you become more familiar
with the content and improve your delivery
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Flexibility:
Be prepared to adapt to unexpected situations
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Use of Technology:
If you are using technology, ensure that you are familiar with the equipment and that it
is reliable
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Closing Impact:
End your presentation with a strong and memorable closing
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Other points
Body language plays a crucial role in communication and can significantly impact how
your message is received
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Posture:
Maintain an upright and open posture
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A straight and confident posture exudes credibility and
engagement
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Eye Contact:
Establish and maintain eye contact with your audience
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Avoid staring, and instead, make natural eye
contact with different individuals in the audience
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Facial Expressions:
Your facial expressions should align with the tone and content of your message
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Be mindful of not
appearing too serious or too casual, depending on the context
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Gestures:
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Use purposeful gestures to emphasize points and add energy to your speech
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Keep gestures natural and in sync with your
message
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Hand Movements:
Be aware of your hand movements
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Use your hands to illustrate or emphasize key points in a controlled manner
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Smiling:
Smile when appropriate
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It helps to establish rapport with your audience
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Proximity:
Be mindful of your proximity to the audience
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Adjust your distance based on
the setting and cultural norms
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Mirroring:
Subtly mirroring the body language of your audience can create a sense of connection
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It signals agreement
or understanding and encourages a positive interaction
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Successful interviews require effective communication, a professional demeanor, and
the ability to articulate one's qualifications and experiences
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Group discussions involve the exchange of ideas and opinions
among several participants
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Elocution:
Elocution refers to the skill of clear and expressive speech, emphasizing pronunciation,
intonation, and articulation
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Effective elocution enhances
communication and public speaking skills
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Speakers are given a topic on the spot and must think on their feet to
present their thoughts coherently
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Public Speaking:
Public speaking is the act of addressing a large audience, conveying a message, or
presenting information
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Public speakers should
be confident, well-prepared, and capable of handling questions and interactions with
the audience
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Whether in interviews, meetings, group discussions, elocution,
extempore speaking, or public speaking, effective communication is key to conveying
ideas, building relationships, and achieving success in various aspects of life
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It typically conveys information, updates, or
instructions in a concise and formal manner
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Example of a Memo:
To: All Employees
From: [Your Name]
Date: [Date]
Subject: Updated Office Policy on Work Hours
I wanted to inform everyone about a recent change to our office policy regarding work hours
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This adjustment is aimed at improving overall productivity and ensuring better coordination
among team members
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If you have any questions or concerns about this change, feel free to reach out to [contact
person]
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Thank you
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Memos are typically brief, to the point, and formatted with specific
sections for clarity
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Here's a brief overview:
Define Purpose and Objectives:
Clearly outline the purpose of your presentation and the specific objectives you want to
achieve
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Outline Your Content:
Create a structured outline with a clear introduction, main points, and conclusion
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Create Engaging Visuals:
Develop slides or visual aids to support your key points
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Craft a Compelling Opening:
Start with a captivating introduction, such as a story, quote, or question, to grab your
audience's attention
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Practice Your Delivery:
Rehearse multiple times to familiarize yourself with the content, refine your timing, and
improve your delivery
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Use Clear and Concise Language:
Choose simple and straightforward language
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Check Technical Setup:
Ensure all audio-visual equipment is working correctly and test your presentation in the
actual environment
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Be Mindful of Time:
Practice to ensure your presentation fits within the allocated time
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Plan for Interactivity:
Incorporate audience engagement through questions, discussions, or interactive
elements
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Consider potential changes or adjustments based on
audience reactions
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Method of preparing presentation
Preparing a presentation involves a systematic approach to effectively communicate
your message
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Know Your Audience:
Understand the characteristics and expectations of your audience
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Create Engaging Visuals:
Develop clear and relevant slides or visual aids to support your key points
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Develop Key Messages:
Identify and focus on the main messages you want to convey
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Consider Audience Perspective:
Anticipate questions or concerns your audience may have and address them
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Check Technical Setup:
Ensure all equipment is working correctly and test your presentation in the actual
environment
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Mindful of Time:
Practice to fit your presentation within the allocated time, allowing for questions
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Be Adaptable:
Be ready to adapt based on audience reactions or unexpected changes
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Fluency Enhancement:
Fluency enhancement refers to the improvement of one's ability to communicate
smoothly and coherently in a given language
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Techniques for fluency enhancement may include regular practice,
engaging in conversations, and exposing oneself to diverse language contexts
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Role Play:
Role play is a form of interactive learning where individuals simulate real-life scenarios,
assuming specific roles to better understand various perspectives or practice certain
skills
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Role play encourages
creativity, empathy, and effective communication by allowing participants to step into
different roles and navigate scenarios as if they were real
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Anchors maintain the flow of the
event, introduce speakers or performers, engage with the audience, and ensure smooth
transitions between different segments
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In summary, fluency enhancement focuses on improving language skills, role play
promotes experiential learning through simulated situations, and anchoring involves
facilitating and guiding events to ensure a seamless and engaging experience for
participants and audiences alike
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Overcoming stage
fear involves several strategies to build confidence and deliver effective presentations
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Familiarity with the content boosts
confidence and reduces anxiety
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Imagine a positive response from the audience
to create a more optimistic mindset
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Deep breaths help calm the
nervous system and reduce physical tension
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This helps build confidence over time
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Embrace
imperfections as part of the natural speaking process
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Engage in eye contact, involve them in
discussions, and make your presentation a conversation rather than a monologue
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Remind yourself of your strengths
and past successful experiences
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Acceptance reduces the fear of fear itself
and helps you manage anxiety more effectively
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Physical activity can help release
nervous energy and make you feel more in control
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Having a supportive
network can provide encouragement and helpful insights
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Professional guidance can provide
valuable techniques to overcome stage fear
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This allows you to identify areas for
improvement and build confidence through self-assessment
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Positive
reinforcement reinforces your ability to overcome stage fear
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Being present helps alleviate anxiety

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