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Title: short notes on Chemistry
Description: More of introduction to chemistry, definition of chemistry, branches of chemistry, career opportunities, and a number of science apparatus and their uses.
Description: More of introduction to chemistry, definition of chemistry, branches of chemistry, career opportunities, and a number of science apparatus and their uses.
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INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY
Chemistry is the experimental Steady of Metter and substances in which it concerns itself with the
study of the Composition, behavior and the changes substances undergo
...
➢
Chemistry is especially useful because it is the center of understanding of diverse subjects
such as Biology, geology, materiel science, medicine, Physics, and many branches of
engineering
...
Environmental science emerged from
the fields of natural history and medicine during the Enlightenment
...
Home economics
courses often consist of learning how to cook, how to do taxes, and how to perform child care
tasks
...
4) Pharmacy: the science or practice of the preparation and dispensing of medicinal drugs
5) Cosmetology: is the study and application of beauty treatment
...
6) Biology: the science of life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena, especially
with reference to origin, growth, reproduction, structure, and behavior
...
The subject matter of physics includes mechanics, heat, light and other radiation, sound, electricity,
magnetism, and the structure of atoms
...
7) Agriculture: the science or practice of farming, including cultivation of the soil for the growing of
crops and the rearing of animals to provide food, wool, and other products:
8) Food and Nutrition: is a learning process that will enable you with the skills required
to research, process, and preserve the nutritional components in our food
...
These are
deals with the Attempt to get a better understanding of n
Pure and Applied chemistry that
PURE CHEMISTRY
1) Inorganic Chemistry
2) Organic Chemistry
3) Physical Chemistry
➢
Inorganic Chemistry deals with the Study of chemical elements and their Compounds
except carbon
➢
Organic Chemistry deals with the study of Carbon compounds in which carbon is the
principal element
➢
Physical Chemistry deals with the study of the structure of elements and their Compounds
and their effects on physical properties
...
APPLIED CHEMISTRY deals with the application of the knowledge of pure chemistry to produce
goods and also to provide services for the benefit of human society
...
2) Pharmacy: The science or practice of the preparation and dispensing of medicinal drugs:
3) Medicine: the science and art dealing with the maintenance of health and the prevention,
alleviation, or cure of disease
4) Biotechnology: the branch of science concerned with the chemical and physico-chemical
processes and substances that occur within living organisms
...
6) Radiochemistry: branch of chemistry dealing with radioactive substances and
phenomenon
...
8) Petro chemistry: the branch of chemistry concerned with petroleum and natural gas, and with
their refining and processing
...
Testing the conclusion drawn
Explaining what happened with conclusion
Carrying out further experiments to
Confirm or reject predictions or fest for unexpected results
...
4) Able to work systematically and keep records in an orderly and logical manner
...
He set his himself up to
produce X-rays from Uranium salt but his critical observation let him to discover radioactivity
...
This was also discovered by accident
...
USES OF SOME LABORATORY APPARATUS
PIPETTE used to measure variable Volume of Solution /liquid or used to deliver Specified Volume of
Solution
BRUETTE Used to measure accurate volume of solutions or liquids
...
SEPARATING FUNNEL for separation of immiscible, liquids EXAMPLE: water and palm oil
EVAPORATING DISH for separating a dissolved solute from a liquid by evaporation
GAS JAR for collecting and storing of gases
...
WATER BATH for heating of highly inflammable liquid maintaining constant temperature of liquid
mixtures/to obtain solute that would decompose on direct heating from aqueous solution
...
RETORT STAND AND CLAMP for holding objects in firm positions,
CONICAL FLASK/ERIENMEYER FLASK used to held or contain solutions especially in
titration
...
ROUND BOTTOMED FLASK Used to carry out reactions which involves heating during
preparation of gases
...
BUNSEN BURNER used for heating, sterilization and combustion
...
CRUCIBLE BEAKER For holding solutions and also measuring volume of Solutions
ASPIRATOR for storing solutions
CRUCIBLE for strong heating of Solid chemical substances or for heating Small amounts of solid to
higher temperature
...
FUME CHAMBER for holding and preparing poisonous/toxic/harmful gases or liquids
...
WATCH GLASS for holding small quantities of substances or for covering beakers of evaporating
dish
DROPPER for taking drops of liquids or for addition of liquids drop by drop
RUBBER STOPPER Used with flasks or test tubs and also for fermentation in winery
...
WEIGHING BALANCE for weighing Substances/reagent or Objects
...
Never place glassware Containing Chemicals or anything else near the edges of a bench or table
CAUSTIC SUBSTANCE SAFETY
•
Do not pure water into a strong acid or base
...
Take only
what you need
...
Never transfer substances by sucking on a pipette or straw
...
when testing for smell of a gas, do not inhale it but keep the test tube about 15cm away from
your nose and use your hand to welt the gas towards your nose
If any part of your body comes in contact with potentially dangerous substances, wash the area
immediately with water and inform your teacher
...
❖ There are seven base units in the SI system
...
❖ A Physical quantity is a quantity that can be measured
PHYSICAL QUANTITIES NAME OF UNIT
SYMBOL
length
Mass
Time
temperature
Electric current
Luminous intensity
Amount of substance
meter
Kilogram
Seconds
Kelvin
Ampere
Candela
mole
M
Kg
S
K
A
Cd
Mol
PREFIX
Giga
Mega
Kilo
Deci
Centi
Milli
Micro
Nano
Pico
ABBREVIATION
G
M
K
D
C
M
Μ
N
P
SYSTEM
109 -1gigametre
106 -1megametre
103 -1kilometre
10-1 -1decimetre
10-2 -1centimetre
10-3 -1millimetre
10-6 -1micrometre
10-9 -1nanometre
10-12 -1picometre
DERIVED UNITS derived units are obtained from the combination of two or more fundamental units
...
•
Mather is anything that has mass and can occupy space
...
These particles are atoms, molecules, ions
etc
...
The Idea that matter is made of tiny particles
is referred to as Particulate nature of matter
...
•
A Molecule is an uncharged covalently bonded group of atoms
...
•
An Entity is the basic chemical property of the basic building block of matter that can be
identified as a whole unit
•
A radical is a group of atoms with a charge on it
•
An element is a substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances by any chemical
means
...
•
A mixture is any substance which Consists of two or more elements or compounds which are
physically or chemically compounds
Title: short notes on Chemistry
Description: More of introduction to chemistry, definition of chemistry, branches of chemistry, career opportunities, and a number of science apparatus and their uses.
Description: More of introduction to chemistry, definition of chemistry, branches of chemistry, career opportunities, and a number of science apparatus and their uses.