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Chapter-Photosynthesis
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Photosynthesis rate gets lowered even when there is enough of CO₂ in the air
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Therefore, When there is enough
CO₂in the air, the temp may be just below the optimum temp or the intensity of light may be very
low
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Sleeping under a tree at night is not advisable
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Rather plants release large amount of CO₂ due to respiration
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All life on Earth is supported by Photosynthesis
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It also provides food for all living organisms and maintains food
chain
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ATP is needed for dark reaction
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5
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Reason-Since, Chlorophyll present in the Chloroplasts traps solar energy & converts it into
chemical energy
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Respiration is said to be the reversal of photosynthesis
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7
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Reason-Chlorophyll traps the solar energy and converts it into chemical energy
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All life on Earth would come to an end if there were no green plants
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Chapter – Transpiration and Absorption by roots
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Wilted lettuce leaves become crisp when placed in cold water for a while
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2
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Reason- Fertilisers along with soil, water acts as a hypertonic solution
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3
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Reason- when salt is added to the soil, water near the roots of weeds, becomes hypertonic
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4
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Reason:- This is adaptation of plants to reduce the rate of transpiration by reducing the exposed
leaf surface area
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Xerophytes have their leaves modified to spines
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In order to reduce the rate of transpiration, their
leaves are modified into spines
6
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Reason- On a hot day, the rate of transpiration will be more than the rate of absorption of water
from the soil
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The raisins swell – up when kept in water
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8
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Reason- Endosmosis takes place when a potato is placed in water (hypotonic)
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9
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Reason-By adding salt to pickles, the growth or/and multiplication of bacteria can be prevented
due to plasmolysis
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Uprooted plants die
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Therefore, when the plant is
uprooted, it has no source of water & mineral Salts, necessary for photosynthesis and therefore it
dies
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Rate of guttation is not regulated
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12
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Reason-The turgidity caused by turgor pressure aids the thin walled tissue of the root tips to crack
the walls and grow through the walls & crevices
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A closed can/tin of dried seeds bursts open if some water enters it by accident
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The imbibition pressure develops within the plant
body due to its attraction within the plant body, due to its attraction for water causes the can/tin to
burst open
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Salt and sugars are used for preserving food
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Hypertonic nature of such food plasmolysed the cells of bacteria & fungi and kills
them
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Some plants show wilting of their leaves during mid day even when the soil is well watered
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Hence, show wilting
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On sprinkling Common salt on grass growing in a lawn, the grass is killed
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17
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[2001]
Reason- Soil is fertilized and not well watered the concentration of soil Solution becomes very high
and water moves out of root hair cells due to exosmosis
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18
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Reason-It is so because exosmosis takes place from root hair cells
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Transplanting of seedlings to a flower bed in the evening is better than doing so in the morning
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83] Strips of potato placed is 501%
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[1996, 2011]
Reason-Water moves starts moving out in the outer concentrated sugar solution
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84] leaves of sensitive plant wilt and droop down on a slight touch
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85
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Reason! Salt Soln is hypertonic
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86] Bacteria and fungi do not grow in pickler, jams, jellies and squashes
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Thus, these food materials can be preserved for long durations
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Reason-Twilted lettuce has plasmolysed celle which are flaccid but when such leavel are kept in
water, endormosis takes place and cells became turgid
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88] wooden frames of doors get jammed during the monsoon season
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The moisture Content Containe water molecules which gets attracted by door making thin
to swell
89
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Reason-On a hot sunny day, these occurs Jecater transpiration than the water absorbed “the roots
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90) why do plants absorb w more water than what is required by them
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Hence, to obtain a Continuous supply of minerals,
they have to absorb large quantities of water
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91] Exogenous application of auxin fails to enhance growth in an intact plant
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92] Gibberellic acid (GA) is able to induce reversal of dwarfism in many genetically dwarf plant
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93] In pineapple, auxin is used
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94] Rice plants infected by fungue [Gibberella fujikuroi grow foolishly tall
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The fungus produces a growth hormone Called Gibberellins which causes abnormal
growth of stem and leaves with long internodes, early flowering of death before flowering in rice
plants
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Reason -It is called stress hormone since, it increases tolerance of plants to various Kinds of
stresses
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Chapter-Cell Cycle, Str of chromosomes & Cell division and Genetics
96] Meiosis is essential for sexually reproducing Organisms
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of chromosomes in a species, Crossing over during
meiosis brings about variation among species of same kind
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Reason- The gametes during meiosis Contain haploid one of Chromosomes
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98
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Reason-Gamete have a haploid no
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99] The first division of meiosis is called as reductional division
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100
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Reason-The exchange of the Chromosome material during crossing over provides innumerable
recombinations because of which the offsprings of the same species parents however similar are
different from each other in some respects
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101] Colour blindness is more common in men than in wemen
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Reason: Colour blindness is more common in men as Compared to women because it is a sexlinked and recessive,trait
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In women as the she contains 2 Xchromosomes where as only one X-chromosome is present hence a single gene expresses it
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The need to limit the size of the family is more vital today than ever before
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Reason • due to growth in population every year the country has to spend more on food clothing
and housing
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Reason - cutting of trees should be discourage because it would lead to less utilisation of carbon
dioxide in photosynthesis due to which rays in carbon dioxide will leave to great a retention of solar
radiation in the atmosphere causing global warming
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Education is very important for population control
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105
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Reason - Due to better medical care there is a fall in death rate both for infants and the old
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Offerings of blind couple are not blind
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Blindness is a non inheritable character hence off springs of blind couple are not blind
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No two individuals are identical accept the identical twins
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Identical twins on other hands are similar
because they are genetically alike
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Neanderthals man had prognathous face
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109
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Reason - it operated in the direction of eliminating genes for light colour and gradual increase of
genes for dark pigment
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Cro-magnon man started setting down in permanent communities
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111
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112
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Reason - Over use of natural resources, Intrusion of human with new discovery like machines,
technology, overpopulation etc are the factors responsible for pollution to be a serious problem of
modern Times



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