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Description: What the main biological macromolecules? What are their functions? What elements are they made up of? What are their properties?
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Chapter 5:
The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules
Biological Macromolecules
Carbohydrates
Elements:
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen (1:2:1)
Monomer: onosaccharides
m
Polymer:
polysaccharides/disaccharides
Synthesis Reaction:
dehydration synthesis / glycosidic linkage
Examples:
poly: starch, cellulose mono:glucose, fructose
Functions:
poly: leveled, longterm energy mono: major, shortterm energy
Lipids
Elements:
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen (1:2:few)
Monomer:
triglyceride
Polymer:
N/A
Synthesis Reaction:
dehydration synthesis / ester linkage
Examples:
animal fats, oils, steroids, waxes
Functions:
protect organs
Proteins
Elements:
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen (no ratio)
Monomer:
amino acids
Polymer:
polypeptides
Synthesis Reaction:
dehydration synthesis / peptide linkage
Examples:
hemoglobin, catalase, antibodies
Functions:
enzymes, transport O2, provide structure
Glycosidic linkage, ester linkage, and peptide linkage are all examples of
dehydration
synthesis
Description: What the main biological macromolecules? What are their functions? What elements are they made up of? What are their properties?