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APPLIED SCIENCE UNIT 1 EXAM WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS AND DISTINCTION PASS
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- CORRECT ANSWER -A + BC → AC + B

What does Moths Eat Pink Butterflies stand for, and what does it mean for the compound? CORRECT ANSWER -Moths → Methane (1 carbon)
Eat → Ethane (2 carbons)
Pink → Propane (3 carbons)
Butterflies → Butane (4 carbons)

Give the Chemical and structural formula for Pentane
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(PENT=5)

Give the 3 ways in which a structural isomer can be formed
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The
hydrocarbon can be branched or unbranched
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The functional group can be located in a different position on the carbon backbone
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The functional group may be in a different arrangement but have the same atoms
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propanone and propanol)

How do you name a branched alkane? - CORRECT ANSWER -1
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2
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3
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Identify which carbon the alkyl group is on
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Unsaturated hydrocarbon
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Unsaturated hydrocarbon
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Find the longest carbon chain
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Number the carbons (func group on the lowest carbon number)
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Write the prefix (eg
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)
4
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5
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6
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Add in front (3-)
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- It can form single, double, or triple bonds with other carbons
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What is the relative mass of:
- Proton
- Neutron
- Electron - CORRECT ANSWER -- Proton= 1
- Neutron= 1
- Electron= 1/1840

What is the size on an atom? - CORRECT ANSWER -0
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5nm

How do you work out the number of neutrons in an atom? - CORRECT ANSWER -Neutrons=
mass number- atomic number

What is another name for the atomic number? - CORRECT ANSWER -Proton number

How do you calculate the charge on the nucleus? - CORRECT ANSWER -(1
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This means that:

- An isotope of an element has different masses
- It has the same number of protons and electrons
- Has a different number of neutrons in the nucleus

What is the equation for Ar? - CORRECT ANSWER -∑(isotope mass x Isotope abundance)
------------------------------------------∑Isotope abundance

What are the four forces in the nucleus? - CORRECT ANSWER -1
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Weak Nuclear Force
3
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Strong NuclearForce

Define Gravitational force
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Define Weak Nuclear force
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Define Electromagnetic Force - CORRECT ANSWER -Causes particles to either attract or repel on
which it acts
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- CORRECT ANSWER -The strong nuclear forces oppose the
electromagnetic force of repulsion between protons
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Which force is strongest in the nucleus? - CORRECT ANSWER -Strong nuclear

Give the sizes of all four forces in the nucleus
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What do elements in the same group have in common? - CORRECT ANSWER -They have the
same number of valence electrons on it's outer shell
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What is it seperating? CORRECT ANSWER -Metals and non-metals

What is the trend in electronegativity across and down the periodic table? - CORRECT ANSWER Along --> Increases
Down --> decreases

What name is given to a bond which shares electrons? - CORRECT ANSWER -Covalent Bond

What is a non polar covalent bond? - CORRECT ANSWER -The atoms have equal
electronegativity
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What is an ionic bond? - CORRECT ANSWER -A transfer of an electron(s) occurs
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What is the trend with atomic radius in the periodic table? - CORRECT ANSWER -Across -->
decreases
Down --> increases

What is a mixture? Give an example
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Example- the sea, vodka

Give the different types of mixtures
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The particles are extremely small, either ions or simple
molecules
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- The molecules are small enough that separation does not occur
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Give the state, what it is in, and an example of an Aerosol
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- CORRECT ANSWER -State= Liquid
What it is in= Liquid
Examples= Milk, hair cream

Give the state, what it is in, and an example of a Foam
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- CORRECT ANSWER -State= Liquid
What it is in= Solid
Examples= Cheese, butter, jam

Give the state, what it is in, and an example of a Sol
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- CORRECT ANSWER -- Copper and zinc
- Furniture, musical instruments

What components is Bronze made up of? Give a use
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- CORRECT ANSWER -- Carbon, silicon
and iron
- Pans and other utensils

What components is Nichrome made up of? Give a use
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- CORRECT ANSWER -- Tin, copper,
antimony, bismuth and sometimes lead
- Utensils, dinnerware, trays, serving utensils etc
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- CORRECT ANSWER -- Tin and lead
- Manual/domestic soldering and joining

What components is steel made up of? Give a use
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What components is stainless steel made up of? Give a use
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- CORRECT ANSWER -The particles in a suspension are
uniformly distributed and are too large to remain dispersed
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An example is flour and water
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What is an amalgam? - CORRECT ANSWER -A alloy that contains mercury
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) of a
substance
------------------------------------------------time taken

What is collision theory? - CORRECT ANSWER -A chemical reaction can only take place when
reacting molecules collide
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- CORRECT ANSWER -1
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Temperature
3
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Solvents
5
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Surface Area

7
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Electromagnetic Radiation

What does OIL RIG stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER -Oxidation
Is
Loss of electrons

Reduction
Is
Gain of electrons

Give an example of oxidation
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Oxygen gets reduced while iron gets oxidized
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A + B → AB

What is substitution? - CORRECT ANSWER -Any of a class of chemical reactions in which an
atom, ion, or group of atoms or ions in a molecule is replaced by another atom, ion, or group
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- CORRECT ANSWER -Halogenation
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Define Polymerisation
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- CORRECT ANSWER -Many monomers join together to
form one long chain polymer
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- Cl•

Define displacement
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Both metals and nonmetals can
take place in this
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What are functional groups responsible for? - CORRECT ANSWER -Responsible for the chemical
properties of an organic molecule
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Group 1- Alkali Metals
2
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Transition metals
4
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Lanthanides
6
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- CORRECT ANSWER -- 0
- Mg, C, O2

If oxygen is in a compound, what oxidation number would it have? Give examples
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- CORRECT
ANSWER -- +1
- NH3, H2O, H2S

If fluorine is in a compound, what oxidation number would it have? Give examples
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- CORRECT ANSWER -- The charge on the ion, eg
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What is the definition of an atom? - CORRECT ANSWER -A particle composed of protons,
neutrons and electrons that has no overall charge
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What is the function of the Flagellum? - CORRECT ANSWER -Mobility

What is the function of the Cilia? - CORRECT ANSWER -'Wafting' mucus/eggs

What is the function of the Microvilli? - CORRECT ANSWER -Increase Surface Area

What is the function of the Cytoplasm? - CORRECT ANSWER -Site of chemical reactions

What is the function of the Mitochondria? - CORRECT ANSWER -Respiration

What is the function of the Chloroplasts? - CORRECT ANSWER -Photosynthesis

What is the function of the Golgi Apparatus? - CORRECT ANSWER -Modifying and packaging
proteins

What is the function of the Nucleus? - CORRECT ANSWER -Controls activities of the cell and
contains DNA

What is the function of the Ribosomes? - CORRECT ANSWER -Protein synthesis (intracellular)

What is the function of the Rough endoplasmic reticulum? - CORRECT ANSWER -Protein
synthesis (Extracellular)

What is the function of the Smooth endoplasmic reticulum? - CORRECT ANSWER -Lipid and
steroid synthesis

Give an example of a prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell
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- CORRECT ANSWER -Glucose
Galactose
Fructose

What are maltose, lactose and sucrose all examples of? - CORRECT ANSWER -Disacchrides

Give a structural function of an Amino Acid
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- CORRECT ANSWER -- Enzymes
- Hormones eg
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- CORRECT ANSWER -1
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Forming mRNA
3
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mRNA exits nucleus via nuclear pore
5
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Bases on tRNA and mRNA match up
7
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Correct amino acid joins tRNA

What does DNA stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER -DeoxyriboNucleic Acid

What is the DNA structure also known as? - CORRECT ANSWER -Double Helix

What is the function of:
- tRNA?
- mRNA?
- rRNA? - CORRECT ANSWER -- tRNA= Transfers amino acids from cytoplasm to protein chain
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- rRNA= Forms ribosomes

What is Transcription? - CORRECT ANSWER -DNA code for one gene is copied into mRNA
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What is Hooke's Law? - CORRECT ANSWER -When an elastic object, such as a spring, is
stretched, the increased length is called it's extension
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What is the spring constant equation? - CORRECT ANSWER -W = kx

What is the process called from solid → liquid and liquid → solid? - CORRECT ANSWER -Melting
- Freezing

What is the process called from solid → gas and gas → solid? - CORRECT ANSWER -- Sublimation
- Deposition

What is the equation for Ohms Law? - CORRECT ANSWER -V = IR
Where:
V is the potential difference (in volts)
I is the Current (in amps)
R is the resistance (in ohms)

What is the equation for current? - CORRECT ANSWER -I = Q ÷ t
Where:
I is the current (in amps)
Q is the charge (in coulombs)
t is the time (in seconds)

What is the equation for resistance in:
- A series circuit?

- A parallel circuit? - CORRECT ANSWER -- Series: Rt = R1 + R2 + R3
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What two elements are essential for bone growth and development? - CORRECT ANSWER Calcium and Phosphorus

What is lithium used to treat? - CORRECT ANSWER -Bipolar

What two elements help to maintain osmotic balance in cells and act as charge carriers eg

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