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Title: Class 9 Science Notes: Comprehensive Study Material for CBSE Exams
Description: These are the notes of Chemistry Chapter 1 for Class 9. They include important terms and some differences and diagrams too. These will be very helpful for students in exams.
Description: These are the notes of Chemistry Chapter 1 for Class 9. They include important terms and some differences and diagrams too. These will be very helpful for students in exams.
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🌟 Chapter 1: Matter in Our Surroundings
Subject: Science | Class: 9 (CBSE)
Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space
...
Characteristics of Particles of Matter
1
...
Example: A crystal of potassium permanganate colors a large volume of water due
to spreading particles
...
 Particles of matter have space between them:
The space is called inter-particle space
...
3
...
This energy increases with temperature
...
4
...
Strongest in solids, weaker in liquids, and weakest in gases
...
Rigid and incompressible
...
Least kinetic energy
...
Examples: Ice, iron, wood
...
Fixed volume
...
Can flow easily
...
Examples: Water, milk, oil
...
Can be compressed easily
...
Maximum kinetic energy
...
Examples: Oxygen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen
...
🔸 Melting: Solid → Liquid
Heat energy increases kinetic energy
...
🔸 Boiling: Liquid → Gas
At boiling point, particles gain enough energy to break away into vapor
...
🔸 Condensation: Gas → Liquid
Cooling reduces kinetic energy, gas particles come closer and form liquid
...
🔸 Sublimation: Solid ↔ Gas
Some solids directly turn into gas on heating and vice versa
...
Effect of Temperature on Matter
Heating increases particle movement (kinetic energy)
...
→
→
Effect of Pressure on Matter
Increasing pressure can bring gas particles closer, converting it to a liquid
...
Evaporation
Evaporation is the process by which liquid changes to gas at any temperature below the boiling
point
...
Â
2
...
Â
4
...
Temperature – Higher temp = faster evaporation
...
Wind Speed – Faster wind = faster evaporation
...
Examples:
Sweating cools our body
...
Alcohol or petrol feels cold on skin
#IT²R
Term
Definition
Matter
Anything that has mass and occupies space
Kinetic Energy
Energy possessed due to motion
Melting Point
Temperature at which a solid turns to liquid
Boiling Point
Temperature at which a liquid turns to gas
Sublimation
Solid to gas and vice versa without becoming liquid
Evaporation
Slow surface vaporization at room temp
(IT²R= Important Terms To Remember)
Title: Class 9 Science Notes: Comprehensive Study Material for CBSE Exams
Description: These are the notes of Chemistry Chapter 1 for Class 9. They include important terms and some differences and diagrams too. These will be very helpful for students in exams.
Description: These are the notes of Chemistry Chapter 1 for Class 9. They include important terms and some differences and diagrams too. These will be very helpful for students in exams.